digitalization in museums and galleries from harghita county · molnár istván museum •this...
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Digitalization in museums and galleries from
Harghita County
Salló Szilárd
Ethnograph-researcher
Center of Traditional Culture, Harghita County, Romania 09/05/2017
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• In Hargita County, museums have an
important role in safe-keeping traditional
values and in organizing cultural programs
• There are 4 significant museums: Szekler
Museum of Ciuc in Miercurea Ciuc, Haáz
Rezső Museum in Odorheiu Secuiesc,
Tarisznyás Márton Museum in
Gheorgheni and Molnár István Museum
in Cristuru Secuiesc
• All these institutions are municipal
museums
• Two of them has galleries too
• These galleries ensure place for
continual and temporary art exhibitions
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• Another type of museums are the
memorial houses, present in rural and
urban environment too
• Folk museums only appear in rural
environment; in Harghita County are
almost 20 folk museums
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Museums and galleries in Hargita County
ghidulmuzeelor.cimec.ro
• Where can we search for
museums from Harghita
County?
• First in the database of the
Cultural Ministry
• We can search by county,
town/village name or subject
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ghidulmuzeelor.cimec.ro
• List of the museums and
galleries from Hargita County
• 41 results (museums, galleries,
folk museums)
• Here we find short and
relevant information
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• In Romania, there are 41
counties. Harghita County is
the only one which doesn’t
appear on the Mobile Cultural
Object List
• Possible reason: Museums
priority in Harghita County is
to organize many exhibitions
and events
• These projects rise the
number of visitors, but set
back the start of the official
digitalization work
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• In Hargita County, many inventory
artefacts have a description and digital
photos, but these data and photos are
not recorded yet officially on the
Mobile Cultural Object List
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http://cimec.ro/Metodologice/Programul-DOCPAT.html
• In Romania the official
software for digitalization is
Docpat
• Most museums (in Harghita
County too) use this free
software
• A disadvantage is that the
software is available only in
Romanian language
• The required information:
name of the objects, type,
condition, inventory number,
description
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Szekler Museum of Ciuc
• The biggest museum of
Harghita County
• The museum was
founded in 1930
• The building is a
Renaissance castle from the
17th century
• In this museum are
working 40 colleagues of
which 10 are museologists
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www.csikimuzeum.ro
• The museum has a user-friendly webpage, available in 3 languages: Romanian, Hungarian and English
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www.csik360.ro
• In the last few years, new technologies of digitalizationhave appeared regarding the presentation of the museum
• Many buildings and cultural institutions in Harghita County can be visited virtually
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www.csik360.ro
• For example: on the permanent historical exhibition showing the history of the Mikó Castle, now the building of the museum, a kitchen reconstruction from the 18th century can be seen virtually
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www.csik360.ro
• Tower room, which presentsthe military history of the castle
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Collections of Szekler Museum of Ciuc
Natural sciences (5000 pieces) Old books (7600 objects)Fine arts (7750 objects)
Ethnography (10000 objects)
Open-air collection (7 old houses)
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• The digitalization project of the Szekler Museum of Ciuc began in 2008
• Two colleagues of the museum digitalized the whole textile collection during one year
• They made a DVD about the digitalized costumes and interior design textiles
• The museum collaborated with Hargita County Council in an European Union project, named INEXTEX
• The scope of this project was to develop the motifs of the traditional textiles and to usethese folk motifs in the design of modern objects for personal use
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• The project resulted in two exhibitions - Szekler Museum of Ciuc and Hargita County Council’s gallery
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• After the EU project the digitalization continued
• Till 2013, the colleagues of the museum finished thedigitalization of the whole photos belonging to the ethnographical collection
• They categorized the photos after inventory number and depository place
• This photo database was made for internal use
• The institution’s plan is to public the photo database with data on web
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• The textile collection contains costumes and interior decorative textiles, 3700
pieces in total
Fur-coat, 19th century
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• The most important pieces of the textile collection are the Szekler carpets
• The Szekler carpet is a special hand-woven kilim
• The Szeklers have already coloured this carpet during the 17th – 18th centuries
• The folk community used it for decorative purposes, as wall decoration, as bedspread, table-cloth and box cover in the clean room
• Many times they used it on the cart, when they were travelling
• It was a valuable piece of the women’s dowry
• It’s price was equal with the price of the agricultural land
Szekler Carpet, 19th century
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• The motives of these carpets are among the oldest ones of our folk art
• At the same time, they used geometrical shapes giving them an apart style
• In wool dyeing process they used natural dye, made from plants on the basis of special recipes
Szekler Carpet, 20th century
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• The dominant color of the oldest pieces is the reddish brown, yellow, blue and white
• Sometimes there is a fifth color used in the coloring, the green
• In the 19th century the vegetal paint was replaced by industrial paint
• From then one, the carpets became more colorful
• From the 20th century many new colors appeared, like red, orange, violet, chromium green
• They still keep the old style as motives
Szekler Carpet, 20th century
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• The objects made of metal form a smaller collection (530 pieces)
• That contains mainly tools of smithery
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• The wooden collection holds 2500 pieces: painted furniture, wooden
vessels, agricultural objects etc.
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• The ceramics collection of the museum holds 1700 pieces of consumer and
ornamental vessels
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• The tiles collection with 1000 pieces is significant
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Nagy Imre Gallery
• The Szekler Museum of
Ciuc has a subordonated
gallery, Nagy Imre
Gallery
• Zsögödi Nagy Imre,
famous local artist (1893-
1976)
• A permanent Nagy
Imre exhibition is on
display in the gallery
• Near the gallery, is
situated the painter’s
parental house
• The whole collection
contains of 6500
paintings and graphics
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Self-portrait by Zsögödi Nagy Imre My village by Zsögödi Nagy Imre
• The collection contains mostly portraits and landscapes
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Mineral Water Museum in Tusnad Village
• The Szekler Museum of Ciuc
has another subordonated
museum, the Mineral Water
Museum in Tusnad Village
• It is a little museum near the
mineral water fountain
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Haáz Rezső Museum
• This museum is situated in
Odorheiu Secuiesc
(Székelyudvarhely)
• In this museum are working 19
colleagues
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Haáz Rezső Museum’s collections:
• ethnography
• natural sciences
• local history
• archaeology
• fine arts
• old books
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Mineral Water Museum Tompa László Memorial House
• Haáz Rezső Múzeum has two
subordonated institution
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• Archeologists make description and take
photos of every object found during new
archeological researches
• The museum’s specialists digitalized the
parochial archives from Odorhei region
(Udvarhelyszék)
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• The museum has a scientific library
• Librarian colleagues digitalized
books and reviews (10.000 pages)
• They have been uploading these
documents to the Hungarian
Electronic Library (till now they
uploaded 425 publications)
http://www.mek.oszk.hu/
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Tarisznyás Márton Museum
• This museum is situated in
Gheorgheni (Gyergyószentmiklós)
• In this museum are working 8
colleagues
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Tarisznyás Márton Museum’s collections:
• ethnography
• science and technique
• archaeology
• fine arts
• natural sciences
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• The digitalization project has started in
december 2016
• Two persons are working on this project
• Up to now the colleagues of the museum
digitalized 760 ethnographic textile objects and
1300 fine art pieces
• They want to finish the half part of the
digitalization process by the end of 2017, except
the ethnographic and the fine art collections
• At the moment, the colleagues are working on
the digitalization of the ceramic collection
Szekler apron
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Molnár István Museum
• This museum is situated in
Cristuru Secuiesc
(Székelykeresztúr)
• It is a subordonated
cultural institution of the
Local Council
• In this museum are
working 5 colleagues
• The whole collection of
the museum is counting
100.000 objects
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• The Molnár István Museum
has a few hundred digitalized
documents related to the town’s
local history
• This collection consists of the
inheritance of the photographer,
Nagy Béla and the museum’s
photo database
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Memorial Houses
• These are parental houses of poets, writers and painters
Parental House of Tamási Áron, Farkaslaka Parental House of Nagy István, Csíkmindszent
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• Simple definition of folk
museum: is an ethnographic
open-air collection
• Folk museum presents
material culture of a township
or a region with the collected
objects
Folk museums
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• These buildings are in municipal
or private property
• In Hargita County we find 18
folk museums and 19
ethnographic collections
• These collections are situated in
community centers, schools and
rural libraries
• In these touristic and cultural
institutions the entry is generally
free
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• Center of Traditional Culture (subordonated
institution of Harghita County Council)
published a Hungarian review, called Our
Inheritane, between 2007 and 2013
• Every year appeared artices about folk
museums, ethnographic collections
• Each issue of the publication is available on
the internet
www.oroksegunk.ro
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• The Center of Traditional
Culture also published 22
postcards about artefacts
belonging to folk museums and
ethnographic collections
• This publication contains photos
and contact datas
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• 4 postcard from 4
different regions of
Hargita County: Csík
(Ciuc), Udvarhely
(Odorhei), Gyergyó
(Gheorgheni) and
Kászon (Casin)
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Documentary
• Finally, in 2015-2016 were made two
documentary films supported by Hargita
County Council
• Films author is Fábián Kornélia
• Film’s title: Landscapes, speaking houses
(Tájak, beszélő házak)
• In these documentary films the persons
running the folk museum tell their folk
museum’s history and present the collection
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Thank you for your attention!
Made by: Salló Szilárd
====================================
Organization: Center of Traditional Culture, Harghita County, Romania
Contact: phone number +40-758-104724