Different Speeches

SPEECH TO INFORM• Aims to achieve clarity and understanding by

answering the basic questions (what, how and why) through topics that are non-controversial and non-debatable.

According to its message, a speech to inform is classified as:

A. Explanation or DemonstrationB. DescriptionC. Definition

A. Explanation or Demonstration:- It presents how something is done, developed, operated or acquired.- A How-to-Speech

Example topics are the following: How to put icing on a cake How to shine your shoes in three

minutes How to make your own belt

B. Description:- A descriptive speech constructs mental images of people, places or things.

- It stirs the listener’s mind into drawing a mental picture of what is being said. Describing sizes, shapes, weight, color, age and/or condition of the subject should be carefully planned since imagery is the prime concern of this speech.

- Words used should appeal to the senses in order to create images .

- A person, place or object is described according to how it looks, sounds, smells, tastes, feels or moves.

C. Definition- A speech of definition discusses the particular meaning of general or abstract words and phrases like determination, morality or controversial concepts such an ideal job, the macho man or women’s liberation.

- Uses comparison and contrast, analogy, elimination, enumeration or classification and a step-by-step analysis of a process to discuss an idea.

SPEECH TO PERSUADE

• It attempts to influence the attitude and behavior of an audience.

• The purpose or goal of persuasion is more than making the audience understand the opinion; it also aims to make the audience accept the opinion and follow the recommended course of action.

The PropositionA successful persuasive speaker always starts with a clearly stated persuasive purpose, often, referred to as a proposition. It must be made impelling. It should satisfy a want, need, hope, aspiration or ideal; or reinforce a culture pattern (a way of life).If the purpose of the persuasive speech is to stimulate, inspire, create or intensify ideals, persuasion is attained by vitalizing old desires, ideals or culture patterns.

There are three basic kinds of propositions:

1. FACT- is a statement about the truth or falsity of a supposed fact such as “ Shakespeare’s plays were written by someone else.” “Women are superior to men”. (to seek audience acceptance of the proposition)

2. VALUE- involves value judgment such as “School drop-outs can be useful to society” “Our basketball team is the best”. ( concerned with the rightness or wrongness, justice or injustice, goodness or badness of the opinion)

3. POLICY- concerned with the acceptance of a particular course of action, such as “All special holiday should be eliminated” “Tuition fees should not be increased”.

SPEECHES ON SPECIAL OCCASION

Several occasions call for a speaker to give a speech

that creates goodwill, that inspires or entertains. Each of these messages requires the same preparation, organization and audience analysis as the other speeches. Each also requires the effective use of the basic speech principles of good thought, language, gestures, voice and delivery.

SPEECH OF COURTESY• These are speeches given to perform appropriate

acts of courtesy and goodwill on public occasions.

• It must be brief.• It must present interesting facts and new

materials.• It must reveal a pleasant relationship- personal

or of the organization you represent.• It is marked by a gracious and pleasant mood

and may have a large dose of wit and humor.

A. Speech of IntroductionIn introducing a speaker, get the goodwill of the speaker and the listeners, get the audience ready to listen and put the speaker in a favourable position.

B. Speech of Welcome

The formal reception of an important person or group calls for an appropriate speech.

C. Response to the Welcome SpeechThe response cannot be independent either in thought or tone from the address of welcome, at least at the beginning.

D. Speech of PresentationSpeech that acknowledges the recipient’s attainment in order that he may be praised and congratulated. Give the accomplishments, skills, abilities or qualities of character of the recipient that made him deserve the award

E. Speech of AcceptanceIt should be:- Natural - Sincere - Spontaneous.

E. Speech of FarewellA ceremony may be given in honor of a person who has rendered long services with an institution, who has had many accomplishments and who is retiring or leaving the institution.

Speech of CommemorationThese consist of memorial speeches of persons, events and institutions. The purpose of this speech is to pay tribute therefore, the speaker is advised not to change his views or behavior, but to testify to the achievement and honor to whom the memorial is given.. In this way he stirs and creates emotions.

Six types of Commemorative Speeches are:

1. Eulogy2. Anniversary Speech3. Dedication4. Inauguration5. Nomination6. Commencement Address

EULOGYIn this commemorative speech, tribute is given to the service and character of a deceased person.

ANNIVERSARY SPEECHIt commemorates an event or action of the past, such as, Independence Day, Thanksgiving Day, National Heroes Day....

DEDICATIONOccasions for ceremony and speeches of dedication are the opening of a new building and public center, laying cornerstones and unveiling of monuments and memorials.It stresses the importance of the day or event and the purpose is to pay tribute to the achievement and the persons responsible for such achievement.It arouses loyalty, pride and patriotism.

INAUGURATION SPEECHSpeech given at a public ceremony of someone entering office. This may be formal or informal.It may be a stately ceremony like the inauguration of a president, or an informal occasion such as the installation of new club officers or a new corporate president.The theme of the speech flows from the occasion: a change of administration, the old one departs with dignity and usually with honor, the new one takes up its task with buoyancy and hope.

NOMINATION SPEECHIs given at political

conventions announcing the nominee and the reasons for his nomination.

COMMENCEMENT ADDRESSGraduation ceremonies are held annually and a commencementt address has been a part of this significant occasion.