demography. what is demography? the study of human population birth rate death rate immigration ...
TRANSCRIPT
Demography
What is Demography?
• The study of human population
Birth rateDeath rate ImmigrationEmigrationPopulation growth rateNatural increaseDependency loadmigration
On an average day in Canada there are….
1050 births per day
690 deaths per day
769 immigrants per day
135 emigrants per day
So that means…..
…. on an average day there will be 836 more people in Canada at the end of the day than there was at the beginning of it
Birth Rate
Birth Rate
• Number of births in a country per 1000 people.
Calculated by dividing the number of births in one year by the population and then multiplying the result by 1000.
• BR = (# of births/population)*1000
Example
Births = 390,000
Population = 30,000,000
BR = (390,000/30,000,000)*1000
= 13 births per 1000 people
Death Rate
Death Rate
• Number of deaths in a country per 1000 people.
Calculated by dividing the number of deaths in one year by the population and then multiplying the result by 1000.
• Death Rate = (# of deaths/population)*1000
Example
Deaths = 120,000
Population = 30,000,000
DR = (120,000/30,000,000)*1000
= 4 deaths per 1000 people
Natural Increase Rate
Natural Increase Rate
• Calculated using the birth and death rate. It is the most important reason why a country’s population changes, either increases or decreases.
• Natural Increase Rate = (BR – DR)*100(expressed as a percent)
Example
BR = 13 per 1000 people
DR = 4 per 1000 people
Natural Increase Rate = (13/1000-4/1000)*100
• = 0.9%
Complete Natural Increase Rate section of the Demographics worksheetExample
PlaceTotal
PopulationBirths Per
YearBirths Per
1000 People
Deaths Per Year
Deaths Per 1000
People
Natural Increase
RateFormula TOT BPY BIRTHS=
(BPY/TOT)x1000DPY DEATHS=
(DPY/TOT)x1000(Birth/ 1000 people – Death/ 1000) X 100=
EXAMPLE 10,000,000 500,000 50 400,000 40 1%
Canada 30,800,000 390,000 13 209,875 7 6%
Country with a
growing population
4,500,000 75,000 16 50,000 11 5%
Country with a
disappearing
population
5,000,000 78,000 15 80,000 16 -1%
Migration
Migration
• the movement of people from one place to another
Types of Migration
• Immigration- occurs when people arrive in a new place.
• Emigration-occurs when people leave a place.
Net Migration
• difference of immigrants and emigrants of an area in a period of time, divided per 1,000 inhabitants
Complete the Net Migration section on the Demographics Worksheet
Example Place Total Population Immigrants Per Year
Immigrants Per 1000 People
Emigrants Per Year
Emigrants Per 1000 People
Net Migration Rate
Formula TOT IPY IMMIGRANTS= (IPY/TOT)*1000
EPY EMIGRANTS=(EPY/TOT)*1000
IMMIGRANTS- EMIGRANTS
Canada 30,000,000 222,650 7.4 49,275 1.6 5.8
Country with war
100,000,000
1,500 0.015 250,000 2.5 -2.485
Country with a
growing economy
45,000,000 350,000 7.7 24,000 .5 7.2
Population Growth Rate
Population Growth Rate
• amount that the population of a place is either increasing or decreasing over time.
Population Growth Rate
• So for a country’s total growth rate we look at both Natural Increase and Net Migration.
• Growth Rate=
(Natural Increase Rate + Net Migration Rate)
Example
Natural Increase Rate = 0.9%
Net Migration Rate = 0.5%
Growth Rate = 0.9% + 0.5%
= 1.4%
• Whether a country’s population is growing or declining has an enormous influence on the lives of the people.
• If a country’s population is growing you must consider
issues with providing enough housing, education, healthcare, employment, etc.
• If a country’s population is declining there may be a shortage of workers and consumers to meet the needs of the country’s businesses.
Doubling Time
Doubling Time
• This tells us how long it will take for a country's current population to double. It is determined by dividing 70 by a country’s Growth Rate.
Example
Population Growth Rate: 1.4%
Doubling Time = 70 / 1.4
= 50 years
Other things to look at
Total Fertility Rate
Is the average number of children a woman is likely to have during her childbearing years. For a population to replace itself at a stable level this rate is 2.1
Dependency Ratio
• The dependency ratio tells you how many economically inactive people (0-15 and 65+) are dependent upon the economically active population (16 to 64).
• The equation above calculates a figure that shows the number of economically inactive people that are reliant on 100 economically active people.
Example
A result such as 81.8 would mean that for every 100 economically active people there are 81.8 economically inactive people.