Day 13 Skinny 25-26

Unit 3 Europe in the Middle Ages

Group Evaluation

Write down all the people in your group. Do not identify yourself.

Write a score next to their name from 0 to 5. Add up by using the following formula.

1 point for staying with group during classtime1 point for contributing information from the book or notes1 point for helping write/draw/get materials/clean up, etc.1 point for getting along with others in the group1 point for trying their hardest

Add a bonus point if this person did more than their fair share on the project.

(Possible top score of 6)

Essential Questions

What political and economic systems emerged in the Middle Ages?

How was the Roman Catholic Church a unifying force?

Themes for this Unit Empire Building

The Roman Empire has broken into many small kingdoms.

Charlemagne and Otto the Great will try to save the idea of

Empire.

Both allied with the Roman Catholic Church.

Power and Authority Weak rulers and lack of central authority led to a feudal

system which was based on local lords with large estates who

assumed power.

This led to struggles with the Church

Religious and Ethical Systems The Roman Catholic Church unified and guided people's lives.

Security vs. Freedom

Edward Snowden for example “Snowden is wanted by the US for leaking details of

government surveillance programmes to the Guardian. He has not been seen in public since he landed in Moscow on a flight from Hong Kong in June. He spent several weeks in the transit zone of Moscow's Sheremetyevo airport, before he was granted asylum by Russia and left the airport on 1 August.”

Walker, Shaun. “Edward Snowden Living Incognito in Russia.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media Limited, 17 Sept. 2013. Web. 19 Sept. 2013.

Check your card. Is everything there for an online entry?

Page 352--Softcover

Discuss why you might give up freedom for security if you were a peasant in the Middle Ages.

Middle Agesa.k.a. Medieval Times

A.D. 500 to 1500

Classical heritage of Rome

Beliefs of Roman Catholic ChurchCustoms of various

Germanic tribes

New kind of New kind of

societysociety

Invasions!!

5th Century (Was that 401-500 or 501-600?)

Those pesky Germanic invaders again!See page 351 for a breakdown of the breakdown

Economy Government Society

Invaders destroyed cities, markets, ports—businesses collapsed

Old Roman-built government cities were abandoned after raids

Nobles & most others moved to the country to farm, leaving cities

with no strong leaders;

Why do I come to school? To avoid this...

Germanic invaders could not read or write—no written language

Families left cities and any chance for formal schooling

People forgot Greek and Roman knowledge and the Latin language

BUT-Germans had a rich oral tradition of songs and legends

New Languages

Latin was still the official language but no one could speak it!

Latin incorporated into dialects

By 800s, new languages reflected breakup of empire

• French• Spanish• Others (what do you think)

Germanic Kingdoms

Replaced Roman provinces between 400 & 600

Still fighting over territory, so borders change a lot

New attitude toward government—very UN-Roman

• Loyalty to family or chief of warrior band• No allegiance to a central government

“Why am I going to pay taxes to a king I don't know and have never seen?” --Fritz, Germanic tribesman, circa 548

Clovis—Ruler of the Franks

From Gaul (now France and Switzerland)

Brought Christianity

Converted after a battlefield prayer was answered

Roman church welcomed him and supported his raids on other Germanic tribes.

By 511, Franks were united into one kingdom

Church & State

Strategic alliance begins

Franks spread Christianity to other Germans

FRANKSCATHOLIC CHURCH

Monasteries, Convents, Manuscripts

Monastery Convent

Give up all your worldly possessionsDevote your life to serving God

Men only Women only

“monks” “nuns”

Benedict & Scholastica

Around 520—wrote book Ran her conventabout rules for monasteries according to

these rules

Focus--Devotion to prayer and good works

Monasteries

Opened schools

Had libraries

Copied books with beautiful writing

Illuminated manuscript

Papal Power Expands

Pope Gregory I (or Gregory the Great)

Office of pope now secular, involved in politics

Pope's palace (in Rome) is center of Roman government (which now spreads from Italy to England, from Spain to Germany)

Built stuff-------helped the poor------made treaties

This kind of churchly kingdom was a theme of the Middle Ages

Empire

After Rome fell, the kingdom splintered

Franks controlled the largest portion by 511

719—Frankish major domo, Charles Martel, (not the official king, but the guy with the military power)

• Expanded Franks' kingdom• Defeated Muslims at Battle of Tours 732

– This made him a Christian hero

Church and State

Charles, the Christian hero, passed power to his son Pepin the Short

Pepin fought the Lombards for the Church

Pope named him “king by the grace of God”

Thus begins the

Can you say “Dynasty”

Pepin's son Charlemagne (or Charles the Great) ruled after him

Charlemagne• Extended Frankish rule further than any since

Rome's heyday• Fought Muslims in Spain• Fought other Germanic tribes• Spread Christianity after conquering people• In 800, helped the pope defeat an unruly mob• CROWNED “ROMAN EMPEROR” by Pope

Leo III (This while the Eastern Empire had a lovely but weak empress at the time ruling from Constantinople)

Charlemagne

Strengthened power by limiting authority of the nobles under him

His royal agents supervised the “counts” who ruled the land

Managed his vast, wealthy estates

Encouraged learning; opened schools

Dynasty Divided will Fall

Charlemagne's son crowed in 814

Louis the Pious—Charlemagne's son crowned in 814His three sons

Lothair Charles the Bald Louis the German

843—brothers signed Treaty of Verdun to divide the empire in three kingdoms

Loss of central power led to breakdown of authority

Sound familiar? Make the connection to another instance of this happening we've learned about.

Exit Activity

Three things you learned today

Two questions that need to be answered.

One connection to something we learned before