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Identifying network operating system features

Unit objectives Discuss the features of Microsoft

Windows NT, 2000, and Server 2003 Discuss the features of Novell

NetWare Discuss the features of UNIX, Linux,

and Mac OS X Server Discuss the features of AppleShare IP

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Topic A

Microsoft Windows Novell NetWare UNIX, Linux, and Mac OS X Server AppleShare IP

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Windows NT

Is no longer available for sale Comes in four distinct editions:

– Windows NT Workstation – Windows NT Server – Windows NT Server – Enterprise Edition – Windows NT Server – Terminal Server

Edition

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Features of Windows NT 32-bit operating system Hardware platform support Preemptive multitasking Application support Network support Internet/intranet support Microsoft Exchange Client

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Features of Windows NT (cont)

Security – The book says NT “…meets C2 security

specs.” I’ve found that this is nonsense. Network World reports on trying to meet C2 specs with an “out of the box” NT installation:

– Should Windows NT detect that you are connected to a network during the C2 test, you will get the following error message: "C2 compliance requires that no networking software

be installed on your system. One or more network services have been detected on your system. Select OK to use the Network Control Panel Applet to remove these services.“

– In other words, your copy of NT better not be located on a network!!

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Other Features & Components Other Components:

– A proxy server– IIS (Internet Information Server)– A Site Server and a Management Server

Other Features:– NetWare support– RAID– DNS server– MS Front Page– The “super user” is “Administrator” – On the fly compession– Supports NTFS and FAT

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Features of Windows NT Server products

Microsoft networking NetWare support Advanced fault tolerance Internet and TCP/IP support

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Facts about Windows NT:

Windows NT servers frequently fulfill the role of domain controllers

The Administrator account has complete control over the NOS

Windows NT supports the New Technology File System

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Activity A-1

Discussing Windows NT - page 14-4

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Windows 2000

Several editions are available– Windows 2000 Professional– Windows 2000 Server– Windows 2000 Advanced Server– Windows 2000 Datacenter Server

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Improvements over Windows NT

Supports more RAM (4, 8 or 32 GB for Server, Advanced and Datacenter)

Supports many processors (4, 8 or 32 CPUs for Server, Advanced and Datacenter)

Supports clustering Includes Active Directory Updated and added protocols and security Centralized administration tools (like MMC

and “Computer Management”) Updated user interface Integrated Internet services Increased hardware and peripheral support

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Activity A-2

Discussing Windows 2000 page 14-5

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Windows Server 2003 Four editions are available

– Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition– Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition (8

CPUs and 32GB RAM)

– Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition– Windows Server 2003 Web Edition (32 or

64-bit)

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Improvements over Windows 2000

Incorporates .NET software technologies Improved clustering and load balancing Improved security features Increased performance and scalability of

Active Directory New services to automate management

– like SUS (Software Update Services) and the Group Policy Management Console (GPMC)

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Activity A-3

Discussing Windows Server 2003 - Page 14-6

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Topic B

Microsoft Windows Novell NetWare UNIX, Linux, and Mac OS X Server AppleShare IP

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Introducing NetWare Provides straightforward installation Provides multiprotocol support Connectivity to several other platforms

readily available The Admin account has complete

control over the NOS (Admin is the Novell “super user”, formerly the “Supervisor” – versions 3.x and earlier)

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Features of NetWare Application sharing Data file storage and retrieval Network printing Security Communications Data backup and archiving Multiprotocol routing Novell Directory Services NDS (old system)

eDirectory (new system) Failure recovery

continued

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Features of NetWare– Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP) support – File Server Installation and Server Migration

Utilities – File services and storage management

services – Connectivity services – Print services

NDPS – “Netware Distributed Print Services”

– Security services (C2 again, but not like NT) – Improved connectivity to the Internet and

other TCP/IP-based networks NetWare used IPX/SPX until version 5.x; now it

uses TCP/IP

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Additional features of NetWare– Included Web server – File Transfer Protocol (FTP) server – IPX/IP gateway (for conversion)

– Dynamic Host Config Protocol (DHCP) server – Domain Name System (DNS) server and client – UNIX-to-NetWare and NetWare-to-UNIX printing

services – iFolder: Clustering, using Novell Clustering

Services (NCS), and file Synchronization

– iPrint – Printing, of course

– iManager – network and resource management

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Activity B-1

Discussing the features of NetWare: page 14-9

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Topic C

Microsoft Windows Novell NetWare UNIX, Linux, and Mac OS X Server AppleShare IP

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UNIX The operating system with the most

staying power on a LAN or WAN– That just means it’s the oldest NOS

The first standard operating system – as in industry standard?– or does this refer to an interface and user

experience that is the same over different hardware and application environments?

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Features of UNIX Available on a wide range of hardware

platforms Presents nearly the same interface to users and

programmers Relatively straightforward to migrate an

application from one UNIX system to another, even if the underlying hardware is radically different

Applications can be written to run on a variety of hardware, freeing users from being tied to specific systems due to application availability.

continued

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Features of UNIX The standard utility commands are flexible Provides the ability to combine utilities into

highly sophisticated, custom-built utilities.– Yes, and you could more easily learn to speak an

Aboriginal dialect than to build a UNIX command.

Designed to support software development There are several specialized software

development utilities Several facilities are available for communicating

with other systems, .oth UNIX and non-UNIX

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Downfalls of UNIX

It is a complex operating system to learn

Its commands are case-sensitive and cryptic

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Facts about UNIX The root account has complete control

over the OS – This is another example of the “super user”.

Major vendors of UNIX server systems include:– Pyramid (DC/OSx) – SNI (Synix, SCO) – HP (HP/UX) – IBM (AIX) – Sequent (Dynix/PTX) – ICL (NTX)

continued

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Facts about UNIX

Major vendors of UNIX workstation systems include:– Sun (SunOS, Solaris)– HP (HP/UX) – also supports the server– IBM (AIX) – also supports the server– Silicon Graphics (IRIX)

Major types of PC UNIX include: – SCO UNIX – Solaris

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Activity C-1

Discussing UNIX page 14-11

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Linux Attempts to provide the PC with a free or

low-cost operating system comparable to high-priced UNIX system software

Conforms to the POSIX standard user and programming interfaces

The power point should mention that it was developed by Linus Torvalds, a grad student from Finland in 1991.

The system's utilities and libraries usually come from the GNU operating system, announced in 1983 by Richard Stallman.

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Linux Linux is an open-source OS; this means

that the source code is freely available. The different versions of Linux, such as

Red Hat, Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian, etc., are called Distributions.

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OS Time Line

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Activity C-2

Discussing Linux - page 14-12

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Mac OS X Server

Is Apple Corporation’s UNIX-based network operating system offering

Geared at small to medium-sized business

Includes “Open Directory 2”

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Features of Mac OS X Server

File and Print services Open Directory 2 Mail services Web hosting Networking and VPN Media streaming Workstation cloning Remote Desktop

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Activity C-3 page 14-13

Discussing Mac OS X Server

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Topic D

Microsoft Windows Novell NetWare UNIX, Linux, and Mac OS X Server AppleShare IP

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AppleShare IP

Apple Corporation’s network operating system that can run over either TCP/IP or AppleTalk

Supports Macintosh (Mac OS), AppleTalk, and Windows clients

Directory services are provided by Open Directory 2, the same as with Mac OS X– Notice that the move to IP is so

pronounced now that Apple put the “IP” right into the name of their OS!

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Features of AppleShare IP

Multiple Client support File transfer capabilities User support Indexing capabilities FTP support Web hosting Distributed printing Mail services Centralized user management Security features i.e., the usual suspects

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Activity D-1

Discussing AppleShare IP – page 14-15

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Unit summary

Learned about the features of Microsoft Windows NT, 2000, and Server 2003

Learned about the features of Novell NetWare

Learned about the features of UNIX, Linux, and Mac OS X Server

Learned about the features of AppleShare IP