commissioning and acceptance - suboptic.org · i. product design acceptance ii. factory acceptance...
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TutorialTutorial
COMMISSIONING AND ACCEPTANCECOMMISSIONING AND ACCEPTANCECorrado RoccaCorrado Rocca
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TUTORIAL OUTLINETUTORIAL OUTLINE
• Introduction
• Questions and discussion
• The Acceptance process within the contractual Plan of Work– The Acceptance periods
• From Product Design acceptance to System Final Acceptance• The power budget• Relevant measurement set-ups, results and data in the acceptance
period
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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONSTECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Tenders and Supply Contracts for Submarine Cable Systems or Networks always contain a part called “Technical Specifications”
The Technical Specifications define the technical requirements, Scope of Work, performance parameters and Acceptance of a System
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SOME DEFINITIONSSOME DEFINITIONS
“Acceptance means the activities, including but not limited to, procedures, tests and approvals necessary to show that all the defined parameters, facilities and requirements given in the ‘Acceptance’ Chapter of the Technical Specifications of this Contract have been met to demonstrate confidence in the continuous satisfactory operation of the System throughout its Design Life”
(definition from recent submarine tenders)
….. Therefore the Commissioning is only a part of the Acceptanceof a submarine system !!!
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SUBMARINE REPEATERED SYSTEMSUBMARINE REPEATERED SYSTEM
This tutorial will discuss the Acceptanceof submarine repeatered systems
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TYPICAL CONTRACTUAL REQUIREMENTS TYPICAL CONTRACTUAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SYSTEM ACCEPTANCEFOR SYSTEM ACCEPTANCE
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THE PLAN OF WORKTHE PLAN OF WORK
The contractual Plan Of Work defines all the steps that have to be implemented for the successful completion of a System, including its Acceptance
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THE ACCEPTANCE PROCESSTHE ACCEPTANCE PROCESS
The typical Acceptance process is divided into Acceptance Periods
In each period, the Supplier (or Contractor) has to submit all the necessary documentation, test procedures and test results to thePurchasers for approval. Such documentation is gathered in the System Acceptance Handbook
Typically all tests are performed under the Contractor’s responsibility
The Purchasers can opt to follow the Acceptance process themselves or to second the task to a competent inspector (typically belonging to a national PTT or telecom authority)
Most periods are linked to a Billing Milestone and consequent payment after successful verification
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THE MAIN ACCEPTANCE PERIODSTHE MAIN ACCEPTANCE PERIODS
I. Product design acceptance II. Factory Acceptance Testing (FAT)III. Wet plant assembly acceptanceIV. System Loading and Laying (SLL) testingV. Site Acceptance Testing (SAT)VI. System (end-to-end transmission) testing VII. System confidence trial and Provisional AcceptanceVIII. System Final Acceptance
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PRODUCT DESIGN ACCEPTANCEPRODUCT DESIGN ACCEPTANCE
I. Product maturity and qualification status evaluationII. Technical explanation of assumptions under the contractual
power budgetIII. Technology demonstration, proving transmission capability
with final capacity and inter-operation with SIEIV. Possible multi-vendor products integration verification
G G G
G G G
R1 R3
Ri-1RiRi+1
R2
G
G G G
RN-3 RN-1RN-2 RN
G
TX
RX
α α α α α
R4
α α α α α
αα α
α
SMR
GFU TEU
SMR
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TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATIONTECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION
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FACTORY ACCEPTANCE TESTS (FAT)FACTORY ACCEPTANCE TESTS (FAT)
The purpose is to confirm that the products are compliant with the Technical Specifications and will meet the System requirements
Tests are carried out on the basis of a FAT procedure
I. Dry Plant Equipment acceptanceI. Submarine Line Terminating EquipmentII. Power Feeding Equipment
II. Wet Plant Equipment acceptanceI. Cable (each span)II. RepeatersIII. Branching UnitsIV. Equalizers
Purchasers may decide not to follow all the tests; in any case factory test reports have to be checked and approved
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WET PLANT ASSEMBLY ACCEPTANCEWET PLANT ASSEMBLY ACCEPTANCE
The purpose is to confirm that the assembled wet plant will meetthe System requirements
They typically comprise» OSNR / pre-emphasis tests» Chromatic Dispersion tests» Voltage / Current tests (V/I characterization)» Supervisory tests» BER tests (when applicable)
Depending on loading/laying strategies and segment lengths, tests may be carried out on loading/laying blocks, therefore the acceptance criteria are scaled accordingly
It is important to remind that during the repeater to cable assembly, each operation is carefully monitored, through splices verification (via splicing machine or active supervision) and through insulation tests
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DISPERSION MAP TEST RESULTSDISPERSION MAP TEST RESULTSCumulative Chromatic Dispersion @ 1551.5 nm (2°C)
-1500
-1000
-500
0
500
1000
1500
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Segment Length [km]
Chr
omat
ic D
ispe
rsio
nps
/nm
Fiber 1
Fiber 2
Min
Max
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LOADING AND LAYING TESTSLOADING AND LAYING TESTS
The purpose is to confirm that during operations the assembled cable performance is not impaired
They typically comprise» OSNR tests» Voltage / Current tests» Supervisory tests» Branching Units tests (when present)
Depending on loading/laying strategies and segment lengths, tests may be carried out on loading/laying blocks, therefore the acceptance criteria are scaled accordingly
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SITE ACCEPTANCE TESTS (SAT)SITE ACCEPTANCE TESTS (SAT)
These tests are carried out after terminal station installation to verify that the Dry Plant equipment is installed and performs properly
They typically comprise a selected subset of FAT procedures» OSNR launched from SLTE» Back-to-back error tests on SLTE (BER vs. OSNR curve)» PFE performance and tests on dummy load» Local software monitoring tests through LCT or EMS» SIE tests (if within the SOW)» Land cable and return earth tests
They are performed first at equipment level (Suite tests), then on spares and finally at station level (Station Integration tests)
The contractual Plan Of Work typically foresees Contractor’s SATtests and, if requested, also Purchasers’ SAT tests
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ENDEND--TOTO--END / COMMISSIONING TESTSEND / COMMISSIONING TESTS
These tests are carried out after the lay and the final splice (terrestrial to wet cable joint) execution and the set-up of the complete end-to-end Segment or System
They typically comprise» Transmission tests (OSNR, BER based Q-factor and
commissioning margins)» Final capacity demonstration» Wet Plant Supervisory tests (repeaters monitoring and C-OTDR)» System powering tests» Software tests (DCN tests, NE remotization, alarm generation and
detection, performance monitoring)» System interfaces, synchronization, protection, maintenance and
restoration tests
The contractual Plan Of Work typically foresees Contractor’s tests and, if requested, also Purchasers’ tests
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THE POWER BUDGETTHE POWER BUDGET Parameter BOL Q in
dB EOL Q in
dB
1 Mean Q value (from simple SNR calculation) 21.0 18.5 1.1 Propagation impairments due to combined effects of chromatic dispersion, non-
linear effect, four-wave mixing effects, stimulated Raman scattering effects, etc. 1.5 1.5
1.2 Gain flatness impairments 0.5 0.5 1.3 Non-optimal optical pre-emphasis impairment 0.25 0.25 1.4 Wavelength tolerance impairment 0.2 0.2 1.5 Mean PDL penalty <0.1 <0.1 1.6 Mean PDG penalty <0.1 <0.1 1.7 Mean PMD penalty <0.1 <0.1 1.8 Supe rvisory impairment .5 0.5 1.9 Manufacturing and environmental impairment 1 1 2 Time varying system performance (5 sigma rule) 1.2 1.2 3 Line Q value (1-1.1 to 1.9-2) 15.85 13.35 4 Specified TTE Q value (back to back) 22.0 20.0 5 Transmission Segment Q value (computed from 3 and 4) 14.91 12.5 5.1 BER corresponding to segment Q without FEC 1.4e-8 1.3e-5 5.2 BER corresponding to segment Q with FEC <1e-13 <1e-13 5.3 Effective Transmission Segment Q value with FEC >17 >17 6 Q limit compliance with G.826 after FEC correction 11.3 11.3 7 Repairs margins
Components and fibre ageing penalty Pump(s) failure penalty Non-optimal decision threshold
- 2.5
8 Segment Margins 2.20 1.0 9 Unallocated supplier margin 1.41 0.2 10 Commissioning limits 13.5
EOL conditions
Commissioning limit
SOL conditions
FEC capability
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TRANSMISSION TESTSTRANSMISSION TESTSTX- FEC
TX-S-LINE
RX-FEC
O
E
OE
OE
O
E
RX-S-LINETO SIE
SIE IN
STM-64 10.66 Gb/s
RX-FECRX-S-LINE
TX -FEC
O
E
O
E
O
E
TX-S-LINE
O
E
SIE IN
TO SIE
STM-6410.66 Gb/s
WDM MUX/DeMUX
SUBMERGED LINE
WDM MUX/DeMUX
LINE (Line 3)LINE (Line 3)
TRANSMISSION SEGMENT (Lines 5 & 5.1)TRANSMISSION SEGMENT (Lines 5 & 5.1)
Effective TRANSMISSION SEGMENT (Lines 5.2 & 5.3)Effective TRANSMISSION SEGMENT (Lines 5.2 & 5.3)
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TRANSMISSION TEST RESULTTRANSMISSION TEST RESULT
1.00E-12
1.00E-11
1.00E-10
1.00E-09
1.00E-08
1.00E-07
1.00E-06
1.00E-05
1.00E-04
1.00E-03
10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00
OSNR [dB]
BE
R
Back-to-BackWith Line @ SOL
Commissioning Limit
SOL OSNR
OSNR MARGIN
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FULL CAPACITY TESTINGFULL CAPACITY TESTING
The Contractor must prove to Purchasers System operation and power budget margins at the committed final capacity, although initially the System is typically lit with few wavelengths
Several methods are possible; a practical set up employs the equipped transponders together with dummy channels, as described in the paper “Optical test equipment for performance evaluation of installed DWDM systems”- OFC2002, TuY3
The system is loaded with dummy signals through which the equipped transponders powers are set at levels equivalent to full capacity conditions. Few of these dummy channels (typically 4 or 6) are narrowly spaced across the tributary under test in order to induce non-linear penalties
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FULL CAPACITY TEST SETFULL CAPACITY TEST SET--UPUP
OPTICALATTENUATOR
Amplifier
TO LINE
FROM LINE
TRANSMITAMPLIFIER
CLI
EN
TIN
CLI
EN
TO
UT
LIN
EO
UT
LIN
EIN
Equipped Transponders
CLI
EN
TIN
CLI
EN
TO
UT
LIN
EO
UT
LIN
EIN
CLI
EN
TIN
CLI
EN
TO
UT
LIN
EO
UT
LIN
EIN
CLI
EN
TIN
CLI
EN
TO
UT
LIN
EO
UT
LIN
EIN
RECEIVEAMPLIFIER
DWLDWLDWLDWL
DWLDWLDWLDWL
DWLDWLDWLDWL
DWLDWLDWLDWL
OP
TIC
AL
MU
LT
IPL
EX
ER
DWLDWLDWLDWL
PM C
ou
ple
r
External Modulator
Amplifier
OPTICALATTENUATOR
Transmit Port Input
OSA
Transmit Monitor Port Output
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WET PLANT SUPERVISIONWET PLANT SUPERVISION
∑ ∑ ∑∑= = =
−
=
−−−+=N
i
N
i
N
iNii
N
iii HLLBSpan_BSpan_AG_BG_AN)Loop_Gain(
0 1 1
1
0
SPV Signal Loop Back Path
Faulty repeater
LoopbackLoopback Supervisory methodSupervisory method
SPAN 1 SPAN N
HL
LB0
Far
-end
HLL
B
R1 RN
SLTE
FarEndSLTE
G_A0
G_B0
Span_A1
Span_B1 HLLB1 HLLBN
G_AN
G_BN
Span_AN
Span_BN
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WET PLANT SUPERVISIONWET PLANT SUPERVISION
SPAN 1 SPAN N
R1 RNSLTE
FarEndSLTE
G_A0
G_B0
Span_A1
Span_B1
G_AN
G_BN
Span_AN
Span_BN
Active Supervision methodActive Supervision method SPV Interrogation SPV Response
Addressed repeater
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WET PLANT SUPERVISIONWET PLANT SUPERVISION
-40
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Distance (Km)
Am
plit
ud
e (d
B)
First span not visible Submarine Amplifier
PEU
Span Length
Spa
n Lo
ss
Far End Terminal Station
Coherent OTDRCoherent OTDR
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SYSTEM POWERING TESTSSYSTEM POWERING TESTS
• System Power up• System Power down• V/I Characterisation• BU configuration• System performance with different powering scenarios
• Single End Feeding• Double End Feeding• PFE fault• Converter fault• Electroding
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SW AND DCN TESTS SW AND DCN TESTS
WAN
LANOther Interfaces
WAN connectivity via FEC Overhead Channels
Station C
DCN tests verify the connectivity among the different terminal stations LANs and theremotization of far-end Network Elements
Alarm tests verify proper alarm generation and clearance of induced faulty conditions
Performance Monitoring tests verify correct management of ITU-T G.826 parameters: EB, BBE, ES, SES, UAS recorded at intervals of 15 minutes and 24 hours.
Router
NEs
Station A
LCT
EMS
Router
NEsStation B
EMS
To Land networkTo Land network / NOC
User channels
User channels
LAN HUB
LAN HUB
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OTHER TESTS OTHER TESTS
• System interfaces• SIE interfaces (power levels, jitter, eye-diagrams, AIS generation etc)• User channels• EMS interfaces (North-bound, when applicable)
• Protection mechanisms verification• Equipment redundancies• 1+1 linear protection• 1:N tributary protection• Ring protection
• Synchronization distribution over the whole System
• Exercising of maintenance procedures• Traffic provisioning and management• Network Elements configuration• Restoration criteria• Collection of maintenance and baseline data
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SYSTEM CONFIDENCE TRIAL SYSTEM CONFIDENCE TRIAL
The Continuous Confidence Trial aims at demonstrating that the installed system operates error-free over a long term test period (typically 2 weeks)
A daily log through the OMC monitors the absence of irregularities, variations, alarms and non-routine events
For systems employing Forward Error Correction (FEC), the recording of the pre-FEC BER allows measuring the system margins for each equipped Digital Line Section
Using pre-FEC performance parameters recorded at 15-min intervals it is possible to derive the statistics of the error occurrences and to prove with a certain confidence level (above 95%) the PB Commissioning Limit
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SYSTEM PROVISIONAL ACCEPTANCE SYSTEM PROVISIONAL ACCEPTANCE
The Provisional Acceptance Certificate is issued by the Purchasers provided that
• The results of the Acceptance Test Program included in the Acceptance Handbook indicate compliance of the System throughout its Design Life with the requirements of the Technical Specification
• The Contractor has provided all the deliverables required by the Contract (including documentation, spares, training etc)
• During the Confidence Trial nothing has developed that is likely to cause the System to fail to meet the requirements of the Technical Specification
With the PAC issuance the Purchasers officially accept the System, the implementation activities are concluded and the Warranty Period begins
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SYSTEM FINAL ACCEPTANCE SYSTEM FINAL ACCEPTANCE
At the end of the Warranty Period a Final Acceptance Certificate is issued by the Purchasers provided that
• The OMC data gathered after the Provisional Acceptance date confirm long-term transmission quality performance
• No Pattern of Failure or Degradation has developed that is likely to cause the System to fail to meet the requirements of the Technical Specifications
• The performed Final Acceptance Tests indicate compliance with the Technical Specifications
With the FAC issuance the Warranty Period is concluded, the Performance Bond is released and the out-of-Warranty period begins
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