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COMENIUS-PROJECT The effects of climate change on tourism in Europe Sustainable tourism in different regions presented by Duales Berufskolleg Lahr

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1. Effects of climate change on tourism 2. Sustainable Tourism 3. Gentle Tourism 4. Best Practice: Black Forest National Park TABLE OF CONTENTS

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1. EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON TOURISM

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Germany is the most popular travel destination of the Germans (statistics) approx. 85% of the overnight stays were realised by Germans But also Europe Long-distance journeys Spain Italy Turkey Long-distance Austria Greece France Croatia Poland Netherlands From 100 Germans... travelled to... THE GERMANS MOST POPULAR TRAVEL DESTINATIONS (outgoing tourism)

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Statistics of the whole tourism branch: Development of the turnover HOW DOES TOURISM CHANGE?

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The environmental consciousness has augmented enormously within the last 10 years Reasons for this phenomenon: Fear of climate change and other natural disasters Consideration of personal health and nature Alternative Travel offers DO ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS PLAY A ROLE IN THE SELECTION OF THE TRAVEL DESTINATION?

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EFFECT OF THE OZONE CONCENTRATION ON TOURISM Changes in travel behavior no solid changes in travel behavior due to the ozone concentration but: regional and seasonal shifts in demand Mainly concerned are... - Mediterranean Sea abutters - poor countries - countries that are dependent on tourism

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REASONS FOR DECREASE OF TOURISM environmental menace e.g. algae strong sun radiation heat waves lack of snow aridity / lack of water infectious diseases extreme weathers (storms, floods)

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Concerned Mediterranean Sea areas, insular states in the South Pacific as well as in the Indian Ocean strong decrease in tourism in the busy season enormous heat, extreme weathers increase in tourism or rather a shift to the winter and low season

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Winners Belgium, Netherlands, Louxembourg, Germany, Baltic countries swimming places are more attractive gains in summer tourism growing demand for walking, climbing & biking tours good summer seasons at German coasts Germany

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Conclusion Germany will experience more positive than negative effects of climate change Deficits in winter could be balanced by gains in summer tourism Possibilities of reorientation & assimilation according to the changing situation

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DUE TO A LACK OF SNOW THERE IS LESS DEMAND FOR WINTER HOLIDAYS IN THE BLACK FOREST far from it!

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THE BLACK FOREST Snow guaranty 60 mountains over 1000 m Highest summit of Germanys low mountain ranges Feldberg (1.493 m)

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one of the best winters 400.000 visitors (February) in comparison to season 08/09: 500.000 visitors already 120 operating days average per season: 70- 90 operating days Numbers of accommodation rise from year to year FACTS: WINTER 09/10 updated: March, 1

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Origin: Leibniz-Institut 2009 All data refer to the dates of 1994 - 2003 FORECAST OF THE DECREASE OF SNOW

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Date: 26 December1999 Speed: 272 km/h Affected areas: Northern France, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Southwestern Germany (Black Forest) Damages: 30 Mio m 2 damaged wood 40.000 ha forest cleaning 6 Mrd. $ insurance-damages EXAMPLE FOR REGIONAL EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE: THE LOTHARPFAD - facts about the storm Lothar

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DESCRIPTION - located in the Northern Black Forest - opened: June 2003 - trail for education, adventure and experience Location: Lotharpfad

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DESCRIPTION - 800 m long in an area as big as 10 soccerfields - leads across bridges, bases, lethers - free of charge (voluntary donation is welcome) many thousands of visitors a year

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WHY HAS THE LOTHARPFAD BEEN FOUNDED? - the area hasnt been touched by a human - No new plants are cropped aim: Show visitors, how nature develops/grows without any human influences

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2. SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

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Sustainable tourism fulfils social, ecological and economic compatibility criteria. Its basic idea is to aim all activities at the target area,,nature. DEFINITION

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MORE SUSTAINABLE TOURISM BY: minimisation of negative impacts / conflicts / improvement of postive impacts balance of ecology, economy and social factors assignment of sustainable tourism concepts

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Saving energy in -the lounge -the hall -the hotel room -the bath room -control of the room temperature -measures of thermal insulation -Electricity Waste separation and prevention Saving of water MEASURES IN HOTELS

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MEASURES OF TRAVEL BUSINESS arrival and departure during the habitation information arrangements

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CLIMATE-FRIENDLY TRAVELLING SUPPLIES FROM TRAVEL BUSINESS Ecological travelling Check energy use travel and help

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ALPINE PEARLS THE ANSWER Combination of 17 tourist resorts Tourism doesnt destroy Precursor in climate protection and tourism

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improve travel offers single tourists have other interests than families influence the travel decision holiday in Germany EXAMPLE FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURSIMS IN GERMANY

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MECKLENBURG-WESTERN- POMERANIA tourism=most important branch of the economy secret place Waren an der Mritz was chosen for developing environmentally-sensitive tourism

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WAREN AN DER MRITZ WHY Waren an der Mritz: good infrastructure unfamous city great conditions for nature lovers

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PROMOTION decrease of the individual traffic decrease of the energy usage promote for holiday in Germany promotion of regional products Tourism is causer as well as aggrieved party of the climate change

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PROMOTION compare supply and demand environmentally create companies and communes, which act environmentally, an advantage

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Based in Madrid Aim: responsible+ sustainable tourism THE WORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION (UNWTO)

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Aim of the conference: Declaration of Davos -> Four-Step Plan for Tourism industry 1. Reduction of greenhouse gases 2. Adaptation to climate change 3. Using of available + new technology 4. To raise funds THE UNWTO-CLIMATE CONFERENCE 2007 The UN Climate Conference on Bali and Copenhagen

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3. GENTLE TOURISM

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Gentle tourism is a form of travelling which meets three essential requests: 1.To affect the perambulated nature as little as possible or rather not to harm the nature 2.To experience the nature as closely as possible, intensely and originally 3.To adapt oneself to the culture of a country DEFINITION

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Baumkronenweg in Waldkirch Sense path: 1.1 km Treetop path: 200 m Adventure path: 200 m Barefoot path: 200 m Giant slide BAREFOOT PATHS

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Ecotourism is a responsible form of travelling to areas close to nature which adds to the protection of the environment and to the well-being of the local population ECOTOURISM

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The Taubergieen with a size of 1682 ha is one of the biggest nature resorts in Baden Wrttemberg. It was declared natural resort in 1979 You can also find lots of rare species in the Taubergieen, which dont appear in other areas NATURE RESERVE TAUBERGIESSEN

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About 60 % of the area is forest and the rest is used as agricultural greenland. The trails you can find in the Tauergieen are very popular with hikers and bikers NATURE RESERVE TAUBERGIESSEN

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among the most important markets of Germany 200.000 km fixed/ signposted trails 11 million Germans = constant hikers hotels adapt to hikers Sanitary aspects are making hiking more and more attractive HIKING-TOURISM

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24.000 km signed hiking trails Ortenau: mineral spring Famous trails (Karlsruher Grat) Hiking through vineyards Many valleys, waters, canyons, etc. Feldberg: highest mountain 1493 m Karlsruher Grat THE BLACK FOREST

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- Is middle aged or older - Lives in a partnership without children - Has an above average income - Spends his bike holidays in Nordrhein Westfalen THE TYPICAL GERMAN BIKE TOURIST

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Ancestry of bicycle tourism in Germany 95 % from Germany 5% from abroad (mostly tourists from the Netherlands and from Switzerland AGE GROUPS OF GERMAN BICYCLE TOURISTS

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Has a road system of about 75000 km 40% blends At seas/streams Has about 290 long dist. trails Best dismounted bike route network in NRW BICYCLE HOLIDAYS IN GERMANY

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The total capacity of bicycle tourism amounts annually to: 153 Millions Bicycle travels 22 Millions Accommodations concerning bicycle tourism ECONOMIC FACTOR BICYCLE TOURISM Costs of a bicycle tourist attain up to 64,60 per day In which he spends at least 40,00 for the accommodation/hotel

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Yippee, I can milk! Where do you come from?

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about 2,1 million of German tourists per year rising tendency main guests: families with children couples up to and over 50 years grandparents with grandchildren FARM HOLIDAYS - general facts

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about 25.000 farms in Germany advantage for them: in parts a considerable additional earning

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85% report on an at least stable, but mostly better utilisation of their appartments and guest beds in 2009 compared to the previous year 3/4 classify the economic development of the tourism sector on their own farm as good or very good FARM HOLIDAYS - general facts

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about 1.200 farms own the DLG-quality label Farm holiday regularly checked by neutral specialists FARM HOLIDAYS - general facts

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often specialisation in certain target groups and consequently in certain offers

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4. BEST PRACTISE: NATURAL RESORT BLACK FOREST

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In Germany: -101 Natural parks In Baden-Wuerttemberg : -7 Natural parks GENERAL FACTS ABOUT THE NATURAL RESORT SCHWARZWALD

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6 June 1956: Programme to establish 25 Natural Parks Objective: to preserve 5 % of the old Federal Republic of Germany from larger damage and destruction GENERAL FACTS ABOUT THE NATURAL PARK SCHWARZWALD

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Natural Park: - legally protected, rurally shaped area - spacious territories, mainly landscape and protected areas DEFINITION

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In the Black Forest there are 2 Natural Parks: - the Natural Park Schwarzwald Mitte/Nord - the Natural Park Suedschwarzwald DEFINITION

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NATURAL PARK SCHWARZWALD MITTE/NORD -GENERAL FACTS Foundation: December 2000 Size: approx. 3,750 km Inhabitants: approx. 700,000

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Foundation: 2 February 1999 Original size: 3,330 km 2005: extension up to 3,700 km Inhabitants: 550,000 NATURAL PARK SDSCHWARZWALD - GENERAL FACTS

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Other aims: Preservation of character and variety of nature, animals and plants Improvement of leisure facilities for tourists Advancement of the traditional agriculture Rural conservation Preservation of the forest-role Advancement of the local Identity AIMS Superordinate target 1.Preservation of landscape and nature 2.Improvement of tourism and infrastructure

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Fields of activities: out of economical, ecological and social fields: Nature and landscape agriculture Forest management and wild-animal management Settlement development, energy and traffic recreation, tourism and sport GENERAL PRINCIPLES

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Focal points 2010: 1.Commercializing of local products 2.Keeping the landscape open, rural conservation 3.Public relation 4.Environmental and nature education 5.Sustainable, ecologically compatible projects of tourism ADVANCEMENT

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FLORA AND FAUNA Animals Endangered animals Symbol = capercaillie Habitat: forest, river, biotope

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basic idea: experience the nature by feeling different grounds Kneippism Park mit allen Sinnen (Gutach 2004) way through to greenfield stations for hearing / feeling BAREFOOT PARK

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Thanks for your attention! Muchas gracias por su atencin! Ksznm a figyelmet !