tourism ( importance of tourism )

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Meaning and Importance of Tourism chapter 1

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Meaning and Importance of

Tourism

chapter 1

objectives

to define tourism in different perspective

to differentiate tourists from excursionists

to understand the various elements of travel as used as criteria for defining travellers and / or

tourists

chapter 1

to explain the nature of the tour

to elucidate the characteristics of a tourist product and a tourist destination

objectives

chapter 1

to compare tourism with other industries

to appreciate the importance of tourism

objectives

chapter 1

According to Professors Hunziker and Krapf of Bern University, Switzerland:

TOURISM is the sum of the phenomena and relationships arising from the travel and stay of non – residents, in so far they DO NOT lead towards permanent residence and ARE NOT CONNECTED to any EARNING activity.

TOURISM is the temporary short – term movement of people to destinations outside the places where they normally live and work and their activities during their stay at these destinations.

The definition of the Tourism Society in Britain was:

This definition was reformulated by the

Tourism Society of Cardiff:

Tourism may be defined in terms of particular activities selected by choice and undertaken outside the home environment

According to Goeldner and Ritchie:

Tourism is the processes, activities, outcomes arising from relationships and interaction among tourists, tourism suppliers, host governments, host communities, and surrounding environment that are involve in attracting and hosting of visitors.

Five Characteristics of Tourismaccording to Burkart and Medlik

Because of its complexity, tourism is a combination of phenomena and relationships;

It has two essential elements: the dynamic element – the journey and the static element – the stay

The journey and stay are to and from the destinations outside the place of residence and work

The movement to destinations is temporary and short – term with the intention to return within a few days, weeks or months

Destinations are visited for the purposes not connected with paid work, that is, not to be employed and not for business or vocational reasons

Meaning of Tourist

Is a person who, visits a country other than in which he usually resides for a period of at least 24 hours.

as defined by the League of Nations:

This was held to include persons travelling to meetings or on business and persons visiting a country on a cruise vessel even if for less than 24 hours.

In 1963, a United Nations Conference on International Travel recommended a new definition of a visitor as:

[ ]Any person visiting a country other than that of earning money

This definition covers two classes of visitors:

Tourists Excursionists

TOURISTSAre temporary visitors staying at least 24 hours whose purpose could be classified as:

Leisure

HealthS p o r t

STUDY

Holiday

ReligionR e c r e a t i o n

Family

mission

Excursionists

Are temporary visitors staying less than 24 hours in the destinationvisited and not making an overnight stay, including cruise travelers but excluding travelers in transit.

Elements of Travel

Distance

Length of Stay at a Destination

Purpose of Travel

Nature of the tour

Distancethe difference between local travel or traveling within a person’s home community and non – local travel away from home

it excludes commuting to and from work and change of residence

Length of StayTouriststemporary visitors who make at least one overnight stay or 24 hours;

Excursionists temporary visitors who do not stay at least 24 hours in a destination

Residence of the Traveler

for record purposes

for business and research

Purpose of TravelVisiting friends and relativesConventions, Seminars and MeetingsBusinessOutdoor Recreation

(e.g. Hunting, fishing, boating and camping)Entertainment

(sightseeing, theatre, sports)Personal

(family, medical, funeral, wedding)

Others

The Nature of a TourDomestic Tourism

travel taken within the boundaries of ones country

International Tourisma travel from one territory or country to the other

Package tourtour segments are bought in an all – inclusive price; individual price of these elements cannot be determined by the buyer himself

Independent tourbuying tour segments separately from one or more suppliers

The Tourist ProductCHARACTERISTICS• It is a service – an intangible item• Largely psychological in its attraction• Product tends to vary in standard and quality

over time• The supply of the product

is fixed

It is a service – an intangible item

Largely psychological in its attraction

It is the temporary use of a strange environment plus the culture and heritage of the region and other intangible benefits such as the atmosphere and hospitality

Product tends to vary in standard and quality over time

March August

A package tour cannot be consistently of equal standard.

The supply of the product is fixed

Peak Lean

The Tourist Destination

Is a geographical unit which the tourist visits and stays. It may be a village, a town, a city, a district, a region, an island, a country or a continent

Three BASIC Factors:AttractionsAmenities or facilitiesAccessibility

Tourist Services

Characteristics of Tourism

• In tourism, the product is not bought to the consumer; rather, the consumer has to travel and go to the product to purchase it.

Characteristics of Tourism• The products of tourism are not used up; thus,

they do not exhaust the country’s natural resources.

Characteristics of Tourism

• Tourism is a labor – intensive industry

Characteristics of Tourism

• Tourism is people oriented

The Galapagos Islands

Characteristics of Tourism

• Tourism is multi – dimensional phenomenon

Characteristics of Tourism

• Tourist industry is seasonal

March August

Characteristics of Tourism• The industry is dynamic

It is characterized by the changing ideas and attitudes of its customers therefore must be always prepared and willing to adjust to these changes[ ]

Importance of Tourism

• Contribution to the balance of payments.

• Dispersion of development.

• Effect on general economic development.

• Employment opportunities.

•Social benefits.

•Cultural enrichment.

• Educational significance.

• A vital force for peace.

TOURISM is defined the processes, activities, outcomes arising from relationships and interaction among tourists, tourism suppliers, host governments, host communities, and surrounding environment that are involve in attracting and hosting of visitors.

chapter 1

summary

it involves two elements – a dynamic one – the journey and a static one – the stay

This implies the movement of the person away from his place of residence and stay in another location

chapter 1

summary

The stay is temporary and is motivated by a search for personal pleasure in the form of rest, relaxation and self improvement.

TOURISTS are temporary visitors staying at least 24 hours in the country visited

chapter 1

summary

EXCURSIONISTS are temporary visitors staying at less than 24 hours in the destination visited and not making an overnight stay

FOUR BASIC ELEMENTS OF TRAVEL used as the criteria for defining travellers are: distance,

length of stay at the destination, residence of the traveller and the purpose of travel

chapter 1

summary

summary

A TOUR may be domestic or international, independent or package

A tourist destination depends on the interrelationship between three basic factors:

Attraction, amenities, accessibility

chapter 1

The principal tourist services are supplied by passenger transport.Accommodation, Food and Beverage and entertainment comprise the second group of tourist services. A third group of tourist services consist of those provided by the travel agent and operator

summary

chapter 1

Other Tourist services consist of currency, documentation, information, sightseeing and shopping

TOURISM has special characteristics which makes it different from any other industries.

summary

chapter 1

For tourism, the consumer has to travel and go to the product and purchase it. The products of Tourism are not used up, they do not exhaust the country’s natural resources. It is people oriented and highly labor intensive industry. Lastly tourism is multi – dimensional, seasonal and dynamic

summary

chapter 1

Tourism is an important human activity with economic, social, cultural and educational significance; more importantly, it is an important vehicle for attaining global peace.

summary

chapter 1