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COAL IN COMBINED CYCLE A New Frontier for Power Generation

Power-Gen India & Central Asia 2012New Delhi

Somnath KunduApril 20, 2012

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Content

� Power Generation in INDIA - Fuel wise Contribution

� Power Generation in INDIA – Need of the Hour

� INDIA towards Clean Coal Technology

� IGCC & Its Benefits

� IGCC Global Experience

� IGCC in INDIA

� Total installed capacity as on March 31, 2012 : 1,91,992 MW

� XIIth Plan envisaged addition of 79,690 MW, out of this

83.6% is from coal

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Affordable, reliable & environmentally responsible power

Power Generation in INDIA – Need of the Hour

Driving cost of electricity down

Efficiency

Reliability

Emissio

ns

EfficientLarge available resource

CoalCoal

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India towards Clean Coal Technology

Focus on Technologies for utilization of Coal with high

efficiency and minimal pollutants(Reduced CO2, SOx, NOx, SPM)

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Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle & Its Benefits

What is IGCC

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Gasification

process

Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle

Proven technology Proven technology

Combined

Cycle

Air

Steam

N2 From ASUGas Cooler

Raw Syngas

Steam

Steam

Combustor

Generator

Clean Syngas

Syngas

Gas Cleanup

Steam

Sulfuric Acid Plant

Gas Turbine

Heat Recovery Steam Generator

Hot Exhaust Gas

Raw Syngas

Oxygen O2

Steam

Coal

Feed Water

Air Separation Unit (ASU) N2 to GT

Combustor

Compressed Air from GT Compressor

Ash

Gasifier

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Condenser

BFP

Feed Water

ASU

What is Gasification

� Gasification is a process in which combustible materials

are partially oxidized or partially combusted.

� Gasification processes operate in an oxygen-lean

environment

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Comparison of the primary products created by the main fuel constituents in combustion and gasification

Gasification Processes

Typical Syngas composition

LHV of Natural Gas is around 38-45 MJ/Nm3

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Type & Make of Gasifiers

Syngas Cleaning for Integrating With a

Combined Cycle

Clean-up Required for following :

�Particulate Matter

�Sulfur species & Chlorides to prevent rapid corrosion of

hot section parts and recover more heat from GT exhaust.

�Nitrogen-containing species to prevent formation of “fuel-

bound NOx” in the GT combustor.

�Mercury vapor & CO2 in the syngas

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Net Plant Efficiency (HHV Basis)(Source : DOE/NETL, USA – 2007/1281)

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Efficiency, % (HHV Basis)

Water Demand(Source : DOE/NETL, USA – 2007/1281)

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Water, gpm/M

W(net)

CO2 Emission Normalized By Gross Output(Source : DOE/NETL, USA – 2007/1281)

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CO2 Emission, lb/M

Wh

SOX, NOX and Particulate Emission Rates(Source : DOE/NETL, USA – 2007/1281)

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Emission, lb/M

MBtu

IGCC Global Experience

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Major plants in operation for >10 yrs

� As of 2012, 30 plants are in operation around the world

� Cumulative operating experience is well over one million hours

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Major projects under execution

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IGCC in INDIA

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� Govt. Support needed:

• Allocate at least 5% of planned addition of 12th Plan

through IGCC

• Provide grant/aid, tax holiday for setting up IGCC Plant

• Support higher tariff in PPA

� Indian Company to bring technology through

collaboration, JV & other routes

� Construct and operate IGCC plants for further

development of technology

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