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COAL IN COMBINED CYCLE A New Frontier for Power Generation
Power-Gen India & Central Asia 2012New Delhi
Somnath KunduApril 20, 2012
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Content
� Power Generation in INDIA - Fuel wise Contribution
� Power Generation in INDIA – Need of the Hour
� INDIA towards Clean Coal Technology
� IGCC & Its Benefits
� IGCC Global Experience
� IGCC in INDIA
� Total installed capacity as on March 31, 2012 : 1,91,992 MW
� XIIth Plan envisaged addition of 79,690 MW, out of this
83.6% is from coal
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Affordable, reliable & environmentally responsible power
Power Generation in INDIA – Need of the Hour
Driving cost of electricity down
Efficiency
Reliability
Emissio
ns
EfficientLarge available resource
CoalCoal
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India towards Clean Coal Technology
Focus on Technologies for utilization of Coal with high
efficiency and minimal pollutants(Reduced CO2, SOx, NOx, SPM)
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Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle & Its Benefits
What is IGCC
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Gasification
process
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle
Proven technology Proven technology
Combined
Cycle
Air
Steam
N2 From ASUGas Cooler
Raw Syngas
Steam
Steam
Combustor
Generator
Clean Syngas
Syngas
Gas Cleanup
Steam
Sulfuric Acid Plant
Gas Turbine
Heat Recovery Steam Generator
Hot Exhaust Gas
Raw Syngas
Oxygen O2
Steam
Coal
Feed Water
Air Separation Unit (ASU) N2 to GT
Combustor
Compressed Air from GT Compressor
Ash
Gasifier
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Condenser
BFP
Feed Water
ASU
What is Gasification
� Gasification is a process in which combustible materials
are partially oxidized or partially combusted.
� Gasification processes operate in an oxygen-lean
environment
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Comparison of the primary products created by the main fuel constituents in combustion and gasification
Gasification Processes
Typical Syngas composition
LHV of Natural Gas is around 38-45 MJ/Nm3
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Type & Make of Gasifiers
Syngas Cleaning for Integrating With a
Combined Cycle
Clean-up Required for following :
�Particulate Matter
�Sulfur species & Chlorides to prevent rapid corrosion of
hot section parts and recover more heat from GT exhaust.
�Nitrogen-containing species to prevent formation of “fuel-
bound NOx” in the GT combustor.
�Mercury vapor & CO2 in the syngas
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Net Plant Efficiency (HHV Basis)(Source : DOE/NETL, USA – 2007/1281)
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Efficiency, % (HHV Basis)
Water Demand(Source : DOE/NETL, USA – 2007/1281)
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Water, gpm/M
W(net)
CO2 Emission Normalized By Gross Output(Source : DOE/NETL, USA – 2007/1281)
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CO2 Emission, lb/M
Wh
SOX, NOX and Particulate Emission Rates(Source : DOE/NETL, USA – 2007/1281)
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Emission, lb/M
MBtu
IGCC Global Experience
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Major plants in operation for >10 yrs
� As of 2012, 30 plants are in operation around the world
� Cumulative operating experience is well over one million hours
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Major projects under execution
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IGCC in INDIA
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� Govt. Support needed:
• Allocate at least 5% of planned addition of 12th Plan
through IGCC
• Provide grant/aid, tax holiday for setting up IGCC Plant
• Support higher tariff in PPA
� Indian Company to bring technology through
collaboration, JV & other routes
� Construct and operate IGCC plants for further
development of technology
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