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214445: Communication Language Laboratory

S.E. (Information Technology) 2008 Course

Semester I

Teaching Scheme:- Examination Scheme:

Practical:-2 hrs/week Term Work: 50 Marks

LABORATORY MANUAL V 3.1

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Document Control

Reference Code SCOE-IT / Lab Manual Procedures

Version No 3.1

Compliance Status Complete

Revision Date 12th

July 2010Security Classification Department Specific

Document Status Definitive

Review Period Yearly

Author Authorizer

Signature

Name Mrs. Y. A. Jakhade A. W. Rohankar

Designation Lecturer Professor

Document History

Revision No. RevisionDate

Reason For Change

3.03.1

10.7.0912.7.10

University syllabus modification - course 2008Addition of practice assignments.

Summary of Changes to the Communication Languagel Laboratory Manual Procedures

Lab Manual Procedures

Ver 3.1 Section No

Changes Change type

In all Assignments Addition of practice assignments.

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PREFACE

The aim of communication language Lab is to focus on all round development of students

through various activities and skills development sessions. The students are exposed to

right attitudinal and behavioral aspects, to build the same through various activities.Students are encouraged to take part in various group activities and presentation which

will help them to harness their skills and abilities.

The focus is on to develop student’s leadership skills, inter personal skills, verbal and

written skills, personality development, stress management and relaxation techniques

which will make them competitive in today’s cut throat competition.

The coverage of soft skills that help develop a student as a team member, leader, all

round professional in the long run have been identified and listed here for reference. As

the time allotment for the soft kills laboratory is small and the fact that these skills are

nurtured over years, students are encouraged to follow up on these skills as self-study and

self driven process.

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INDEX

Sr.

No

TITLE Page No.

1 Vocabulary Building & Phonetics Exercise 1

2 Grammar Exercise 4

3 Self Assessment and Self Development Exercises 7

4 Verbal Communication Exercises 11

5 Non Verbal (Written) Communication Exercises 19

6 Social Skills development Exercises 25

7Leadership Skills and Interpersonal CommunicationsExercises.

26

8 Time and Stress Management Techniques 27

9 Memory Building Techniques 31

10General Knowledge and Aptitude DevelopmentExercises

32

11 Meeting Procedures 43

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0Communication Language Lab SCOEIT

SCHEDULE

Sr.No.

Title No. Of Hrs.

Week

1 Vocabulary Building & Phonetics Exercise 2 1

2 Grammar Exercise 2 2

3 Self Assessment and Self Development Exercises 4 3,4

4 Verbal Communication Exercises 4 5,6

5 Non Verbal (Written) Communication Exercises 2 7

Partial submission 2 8

6 Social Skills development Exercises 2 9

7 Leadership Skills and Interpersonal CommunicationsExercises.

2 10

8 Time and Stress Management Techniques 2 11

9 Memory Building Techniques 2 12

10 General Knowledge and Aptitude Development Exercises 2 1311 Meeting Procedures 2 14

Final submission 4 15,16

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1. Vocabulary Building & Phonetics Exercise

AIM: To Build vocabulary and Develop knowledge of Phonetics in the students

OBJECTIVES:-

1. Students should add up to their existing vocabulary & learn more words.2. Students should learn new phrases, idioms, business expressions

THEORY:-A usually alphabetized and explained collection of words e.g. of a particular field, orprepared for a specific purpose, often for learning; The collection of words a personknows and uses; The stock of words used in a particular field; The words of a languagecollectively. This structure contains a list of variables and related words. Words in onevocabulary may not access to word in other vocabularies thus allowing data hiding. Usedas a command, vocabulary creates a new vocabulary, which includes the following:-

1. Words & Phrases used in professional context2. Business Expressions3. Abbreviations & business Idioms4. vowels ,word stress, pronunciation practice

PRACTISE ASSIGNMENTS / EXERCISE / MODIFICATIONS:

Sample exercise #1• Write 20 words starting with any 1 alphabet eg. a,b,c,d

• E.g. suppose one chooses alphabet ‘B’• Business blank • Browse break • Borrower brisk • Barrier bookworm etc

Sample exercise #2• Write synonyms starting with letter ‘p’ for the following:-

• Bucket ……………….. Location……………… twosome………………..• Stone ………………… Inactive………………. Artist……………………• Faultless………………. suffering…………….... Sheet…………………...

• May be………………... castle ………………… collection……………….• Forgive………………... Separate……………… Likely …………………

Annoy……………… Good looking………….. Picture……………….

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• Choose ………………... Go…………………… Dish……………………fear…………………..

Sample exercise #3

• Write antonyms starting with letter ‘g’ for the following:-

• Lose………………. Ugly…………………….special……………………• Awkward…………..lady……………………..little………………………• Take………………..rough……………………bride……………………..• Sad………………….ripe……………………..generous…………………• Happy………………unprotected…………….plain……………………..• Experienced………..scarcity………………….here……………………..

Unappreciative…….........

Sample exercise #4

• Adding new words with meanings to the vocabulary•• An egoist = Me first• An egotist = The height of conceit• An altruist =Let me help you• An introvert = Leave me alone• An extrovert = Lets do it together• An ambivert = Neither extreme• A misanthrope =one who hates people• A misogynist = one who hates women• A misogamist = one who hates marriage

Sample exercise #5

Match the pair to the field

• Mental & emotional disturbances a. gynecologist• Nervous system b. obstetrician• Skin c. pediatrician• Infants d. dermatologist• Female reproductive organs e. ophthalmologist

• Eyes f. orthopedist• Heart g. psychiatrist• Child birth h. neurologist• Skeleton system i. cardiologist

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Sample exercise #6

Pronunciation practice

• Fill feel hill heal• Lid lead pull pool• Mill meal pick peak • Slip sleep ship sheep• Live leave shot short• Pot port fed fade• Let late met mate• Sell sale edge age• Pen pain fell fail• Trend trained men main

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2. Grammar Exercises.

AIM: To Learn grammar

OBJECTIVES:- Students should learn functional grammar

1. Functional grammar2. Tenses3. Active /passive voices4. Formation of correct sentences5. Auxiliary verbs6. Reported Speech & its use in spoken communication

THEORY:-Definition

The grammar of a language is a complex of systems that may be analyzed and studiedon these three levels:

1. Phonology (set of sounds/ symbols)2. Morphology (combinations of sounds that carry single units of meaning)3. Syntax (how single units of meaning are combined to form words, phrases and

sentences.)

Nouns1. Definition2. Proper / common3. Singular / plural (annex)4. Count / non-count /abstract (how much –how many)5. Collectible (group nouns)6. Units of measurement

Nouns – words used to name a person, place, thing, object, quality, idea, concept,or an action.

Rule No. 1 (Add –s to the end of noun)

cup cupsstudent students

Rule No.2 consonants before “y”change –y to i and add –es

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2. Grammar Exercises

city -cities party- parties lady-ladies

Rule No.3 vowels before “y” add –s

boy –boys key –keys day –days

Rule No. 4 (–f and –fe endings)change the –f or –fe to v and –es

life –lives wife –wives thief –thieves

Rule No. 5 (sh, ch, x, ss endings) add –esbush –bushesmatch –matchesbox -boxeskiss -kisses

Rule No. 6 (consonant + o) add –es (vowel +o) –stomato –tomatoes radio radios

PRACTICE EXERCISE:-

Use the plural form to fill in the blanks. (Provided list)

(Baby, Boy, City, Country, Lady, Party, Tray, Key, Dictionary, cowboy)

They have one girl and two ______. I visited many _______ last year. Women give birth to _______. She lost the _____ of the car and the house! _____ rides horses in Texas. Madrid and Paris are beautiful _______. We must bring ______ to the English class. Good evening _____ and gentleman. On Saturday nights, I like to go to _______. People carry their food on _____ at the cafeteria

Pronunciation of plurals (s / es)

Group A Final –s is pronounced /z/ after voiced sounds(taxicabs, beds, dogs, balls, years, days, boys, trees, etc.)

Group B Final –s is pronounced /s/ after voiceless sounds(books, cups, groups, cats, students, desks, etc.)

Group C Final –s, es is pronounced /ez/

after “s” sounds (classes, horses, boxes, faces)after “z” sounds (sizes, roses, noises)after “sh” sounds (dishes, bushes)

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2. Grammar Exercises

after “ch” sounds (matches, sandwiches)after “ge/dge” sounds (pages, ages, bridges, edges)

TENSES

SAMPLE #1

The Past Perfect

The Titanic had received many warnings before it hit the iceberg.I had already eaten when my friend stopped by to visit.

SAMPLE #2

The Future Progressive

I will be teaching ESL 40 at 10 a.m. tomorrow.They will be moving their furniture out of the house by the time you arrive tomorrow.

PASSIVE VOICE

SAMPLE #3With advise/beg/order/recommend/urge + Indirect Object + Infinitive + Object, we havetwo ways of making the passive voice.

<1>Active: S + V + O1 + to-infinitive + O2

Passive: S + To Be + PP + to-infinitive + O2

SAMPLE # 4EX: He urged the Council to reduce the tax.

The Council was urged to reduce the tax.

Perfect Infinitive: if the time in the infinitive passive is earlier than that of the main activeverb.<1>Active: S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2 + (O)Passive: It + To Be + PP + that + S2 + V2 + (O)EX: People say that he was jealous of her.

It is said that he was jealous of her.

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3. Self Assessment And Development Exercises.

AIM : Self-Assessment, Self-Awareness

OBJECTIVE:-

1. Students should learn about Perceptions and Attitude.2. They should learn to set Personal Goal3. Career Planning, Self-Esteem, Building of Self Confidence.

THEORY:-

How To Write A Personal Essay & Resume:-

PURPOSE OF A RESUME

A resume is a personal marketing document that communicates your careerobjective and value to a hiring company. A strong resume is carefully planned anddeveloped (not quickly typed up) in an appropriate format (style) designed toshowcase your experience and accomplishments in direct relation to a specificposition.

BASIC RESUME WRITING TIPs - FORMATTING RULES

Bold and enlarge your name at the top. Keep the sections lined up and consistent. Use an Arial or Times New Roman font (or similar). Font size shouldn't be smaller than 11pt or larger than 12pt, except for your Name

and Headings. Do not include pronouns such as "I," company street addresses, salary, or reasons

for leaving. Two-page resume: be sure to fill the second page at least halfway down the page. Place “Continued” at the bottom of page one, and your name and “Page 2” at the

top of page two. Use graphics sparingly unless you are in a creative field. It is safe to use a border

and shading. Leave out personal data, photos, and unrelated hobbies, unless you are an

actor/actress or model. If you spell out the state in your address, such as New York, spell out the states

for your jobs. Proof, proof, and proof again!

To help you understand the main differences between various resume styles, thefollowing illustrates the same resume in chronological, functional, and combination

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3. Self Assessment And Development Exercises

formats. Also provided below is a comprehensive list of common mistakes to avoidand useful tips to help your resume to compete in today's competitive workplace:

CHRONOLOGICAL

This is the most commonly used resume format. It is straightforward, and easilytraces a candidate's career path and progression in a given field. Experience andaccomplishments are listed in reverse chronological order, with the most recent jobpositioned first. Because it leaves little to the imagination and makes it difficult tohide employment gaps, the chronological resume is the most preferred format of employers and recruiters.

RESUME WRITING TIPS - COMMON MISTAKES, DO'S & DON'TS

Name and/or address is too small / too big (headings and name should be at leastfont size 14 to 16; address 11 or 12)

Font size for entire resume is too small / too big / all caps (not counting theheadings, text should be no smaller than 11; no larger than 12)

Needs an Objective or Title Heading (make it clear to the reader what positionyou are seeking. If you unsure, consider career counseling or purchase/rent a book on career choices)

Could use a Summary or Profile statement (show your career overview) Objective is weak, cliché, unclear, or vague (State what you can do for the

employer; not only what you want from them) Resume does not support Objective (be sure to make a connection) Lacks accomplishments / career achievements (sell it, don't tell it!) Lacks industry-specific terminology / Keywords ("speak" the reader's language) Jobs are not in the proper order-see below for more on resume tips and formats Sentences are too choppy-five words per bullet (expand; make it interesting) Wording is weak; statements are too simple (use action verbs and a thesaurus) Same information repeated too many times (use a functional/combination format) Too many typos and grammatical errors (read it backwards; have a friend proof-

read it!) Unrelated jobs go back too far in years (keep it to 7-10 years in most cases) Includes too much unrelated information (stay on track; keep the position in

mind) Does not include enough related information (show how well rounded you are) Uses pronouns - "I, He, She, His, Her" (not necessary or is understood) Style is outdated looking (headings are underlined and followed by colons ":", the

word "duties" is used, and uses "responsibilities:" as subheadings) Second page is too short - only a third down or less (condense/combine) Second page does not include your name (what if the second page is misplaced?) Too much or not enough white space (looks empty, inexperienced) Uses the full address for employers (list only the town and state) Uses full employment dates such as 12/11/01 (list only the month and year)

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Lists reason for leaving or explains situation (if you must, save it for the letter) Includes a Professional References Available Upon Request statement at the

bottom of the resume (not wrong, but not necessary. Remember, this is not anoption. If the employer wants references, they will ask for them)

Includes a cover letter / salary information on the resume (use separate sheets) Includes unrelated personal interests and hobbies such as "enjoy reading, long

walks, music, travel, knitting, and puzzles" (include interests ONLY if it is relatedto your career Objective)

Includes personal information such as married, homeowner, two children (Leaveoff. It is unrelated to the position, and risks possible discrimination)

SAMPLE PERSONAL ESSAY

All about meLike a very famous movie dialogue “there are 2 types of people in this world one, who

live their lives according to others terms and wishes and one who make their own termsand live their life.”And I am from the other half.

My school life was not a very smooth one, rather a roller coaster ride. For the initial partof my school life i.e. upto class 4 I was pretty decent in studies and I don’t know howwhat happened to me. From 5th standard I declined in studies. Even though I studied hardbut my fate was never with me or I didn’t study properly. My rank in class declined likeanything. Earlier I came in top 10 students of the class but afterwards I was in first in top20 and then in top 25 in the class of 45 students. I managed to pass all my classes.

My most dreaded subjects in my entire school life were history and geography.They were just like a torture to me. I used to hate them like anything. After all the downs

in the three years finally came my 9

th

standard which changed my life completely. Ibecame a bit sharper in studies as well in sports. This standard step up my foundation of the most crucial years of my life. Now I became a better person day by day during thatyear and every one recognized me as ‘a force to recon with’. Then came my 10 th

standard. I scored 82% in my ICSE exams which were well below my expectations. I hadstudied very hard for my board exams but luck was not on my side. Then I got sciencestream in 11th standard in my school as I was mentally prepared to become an engineerby that time. 11th came and went nothing happened that year and I was wondering how Imanaged to pass that year with above average marks!!!!

But as the saying goes ‘there’s not always darkness at God’s doorstep’ and myfate changed in class 12th. I was made the prefect of my school and became a cool studentwho studies as well as does a whole lot of fun at school. I became even more sharp andnice in studies. I scored a 88% in my class 12 th exams and came 29th in my whole batchof 170 odd students.

I was not preparing that thoroughly for my engineering entrance exams as I wasconcentrating more on my class 12. But during my engineering entrance exams I clearedVellore Institute of Technology (VIT) exam and had got IT there. I also scored well inmy MH-CET. then I got my admission in Sinhgad college of engineering in IT branch. Iam passionate about computers so I had opted for that branch. When I first came to

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college and lived in the hostel I was very worried that that how I will be able to manageall the daily things. But the hostel life life has taught me a lot. I have made really goodfriends out here. I am basically that kind of a person who likes to mix around with peopleand have a blast.

In my first year semester exams I scored 70% about which I am satisfied and nowsecond semester results will be out in 2 weeks from now and lets see what willhappen…..now I am in 2

ndyear about which I am very happy and excited about it.

This is all about my academic life and now my family and all.

I was born to Mrs. Deepa Tandon (mother) and Mr. Anup Tandon (father).my father is abusiness man and deals in clothes. We have a shop in Aminabad in Lucknow. My motheris a home maker. I have a sister whose name is Amrita Tandon. She is studying in 10 th

standard. In my house I used to live with my parents, sister and grand parents.

My hobbies are playing any sport, traveling, meeting new people and hanging aroundwith my friends. I love new clothes so I have loads of them. I am a very simple kind of aperson. But I am a bit shy and underestimate myself which I feel is bad. I know it and Iam trying to change my habit.

I am 5 feet 8 inc. and 68kg heavy. I have got light brown eyes and blackish brown hair. Iam a bit more fair than normal boys but I think I am ‘smart’. I have got manycompliments from others that’s why I am writing this.

I love my family very much and can do anything to give them happiness. My family haslot of hopes on me so I will definitely want to fulfill them. I always want to see myfamily happy.

Now talking about my goals and what I want to achieve in my life is very simple andstraight forward. I WANT TO BE THE BEST IN WHAT EVER FIELD I CHOOSE TOOPT FOR. I have taken information technology as my subject in engineering cause I lovecomputers and want to leave a mark in this field. After my engineering I want to studyfurther and complete my masters in management i.e. I want to MBA from a good institutein India or study from abroad. Every man on this earth want to earn big bucks and I amno different but from my own hard work and my own efforts. I can never go on a wrongpath for earning money and I know I will never do that.

That was all I guess about me. Though I can write many more things but I guess that’s itfor now….PRACTICE ASSIGNMENTS:-

1. Strengths and weaknesses (how to tackle them) (SWOT analysis).2. Personal Essay (Should include everything about yourself, your family, aims and

objectives in life etc.)3. Resume Writing4. Personal short-term goals, long-term goals and action plan to achieve them.

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4. Verbal Communication Exercises

AIM : Students should be able to plan, prepare, deliver and assess activities

OBJECTIVE:-

Public speaking ( debates/elocution/ extempore).General / technical Presentation skills using presentation graphics and aids, Mock interviewsGroup discussionsListening and Observation skillsBody languageStudy of Communication barriers.

THEORY :

PRACTICE ASSIGNMENTS:-

1. Elocution :Students will be given a topic and he / she is expected tospeak on it for 3 min .

2. Group Discussion :Groups will be formed of students and they will be provided with a topicfor discussion among themselves .(Topic is preferably on current issues.)

1. Is coalition politics here to stay?

2. Does India need a dictator?3. Is India moving away from a secularist state?4. Education in India - or the lack of it5. What ails Indian sports?6. The Age of Information7. Is Philosophy just an armchair theory?8. Success is all about human relations9. Borderless worlds - Dream or reality?10. Quality is a myth in India.11. Education and success - Is there a correlation?12. We don't learn from history, we repeat it

13. Do we need a global policeman?14. Indian villages - our strength or our weakness?15. Agrarian Economy in India - boon or bane

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16. if there were no armies in the world......17. Indian customs - are we in a time warp?

18. "How green was my valley........". Is nature paying the price ?19. Management Education - Is it necessary to succeed in business20. The role of NGOs in economics and politics21. NGOs - Do they serve peoples interests or are they pressure groups?22. Death of Socialism23. Role of women in development24. Kids today are not what they used to be25. Casteless India - A pipe dream26. Should Trade Unionism be banned in India27. Repeated elections - Should taxpayers pay for it?28. Indian bureaucracy - foundation strengths or colonial hangovers?29. In India, the whole is less than the parts - Do we lack in team spirit?30. Generation X - Drivers of our future or are they our lost souls?31. Do we need a cut in the defense budget?32. "Dot.com" companies - Is there room for everyone?33. Artificial Intelligence - Will man be ever replaced by machines?34. if I were to choose my person of the millennium...35. All the world is a stage....36. when managers become Hamlets...37. If Patel were our first Prime Minister.......38. Materialism - Have we sold our souls to the Devil?39. You've come a long way, baby - The rise and rise of feminist power .40. Role of ethics in tobacco industry, liquor industry etc.41. Should gambling be legalized in India?42. Are we unfit for Democracy?43. Survival tools for the new millennium44. Examinations - has it killed education45. Cultural Invasion through the air waves46. Should doctors be tried in Consumer Courts47. Abortion and Euthanasia - Is it morally right for society48. Are beauty pageants necessary?49. The relevance of Gandhism today50. India and the WTO51. Did India handle the hijack issue properly?

52. Is E-Commerce the best thing for India ?1. US war on iraq-justified or not.2. Role of UN in peacekeeping.3. Position of Women in India compared to other nations.4. Environment MAnagement.5. Is China better than India in software.6. Should SONIA gandhi be made the PM

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7. BPOs in INDIA8. Govt contribution to IT9. Will punch lines rule the Advt10. premaritial sex11. is china a threat to indian industry12. india or west , which is the land of opportunities13. water resources should be nationalised14."BALANCE BETWEEN PROFESSIONALISM AND FAMILY"15. Effect of cinema on Youth16. Education in India compared to Foreign nations17. Is it necessary to ban COCOCOLA in India.18. What is the effect of movies on youth.(is it good or bad)19. Are studies more benifitial in India or in Abroad.20."UN's peace activities" and "America's war on Iraq".21."Environment-Whose Responisibility".22.Is China a threat to the indian software industry.23.Role of UN in Peace keeping24.War on Iraq25.About Hockey being the primary game in India.26.Can america occupy iraq27.Cricket shud be banned or not.28.IS CHINA A THREAT TO INDIA29.Present state of Indian Cricket team.30.Love marriage/Arranged marriage.31.Advantages of Co-education.

Group Discussions Tips

As a professional in the working world, there will be times when you will be required toparticipate in group discussions. This section offers helpful articles analyzing the rulesfor success in group discussions. Your career and status within your field can improve if you learn some guidelines and tactics that refine your group discussion skills.

Group Discussion - How To Prepare For Group Discussions

How To Prepare For Group Discussions If you are participating in a group discussion, itis important to make sure you’re prepared before the discussion begins. While small

groups may not be good for…

What Should Happen During a Group Discussion

What Should Happen During a Group Discussion In most cases, the goal of a groupdiscussion is to come up with ideas which will allow the group to solve specific problems

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or learn a skill. The members must be able to summarize the primary points of theinformation they read,…

Successful Group Discussion Techniques

Successful Group Discussion Techniques There are a number of things you can do tohelp your group become successful. By following the guidelines that are presented in thisarticle, you will be able to actively participate in group discussions and help the teamachieve a specific goal.

How To Work With Group Members

How To Work With Group Members When you participate in group discussions, itimportant to realize that the other members may not share the same views as you. In fact,they may come from a different cultural or ethnic background. Generally, the members of the group will have one of two…

How To Avoid Problems During Group Discussions

How To Avoid Problems During Group Discussions When you are participating in agroup discussion, it is important to avoid problems that will stop the group fromachieving its goals. If you are the leader or planner, there are a number of things you willwant to pay attention to.

Group Discussion Challenges

Group Discussion Challenges If you are the leader of a group discussion, there are anumber of challenges you will have to face. Being able to successfully overcome thesechallenges will mean the difference between the success and failure of your group.

Selecting Topics for a Discussion

Selecting Topics for a Discussion A group discussion can be defined as a group of peoplewho get together to exchange information, experiences, or their opinions. In most cases,these people will be working towards the same goal. Group discussions are a great way tohelp members learn to express…

How To Encourage Members During Group Discussions

How To Encourage Members During Group Discussions There are a number of methodsyou can use to encourage those that participate in group discussions. One technique is to

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4.Verbal Communication Exercises

Normally groups of 8-10 candidates are formed into a leaderless group, and are given aspecific situation to analyse and discuss within a given time limit. The group may begiven a Case Study and asked to come out with a solution for a problem. The group maybe given a topic and asked to discuss on the same. A panel will observe the proceedingsand evaluate the members of the group.

Let’s discuss some few relevant points which one should remember while appearing for aGD. One needs to know what one's objective in the group is---- to be noticed by the

panel and to contribute meaningfully in an attempt to help the group reach the right

consensus.

The first thing is that the panel should notice you. Merely making a meaningfulcontribution and helping the group arrive at a consensus is not enough.

· You must ensure that the group hears you. If the group hears you, so will theevaluator.

· You need to be assertive. It depends on you how you steer the group in the rightdirection, once it gets stuck to something. This gives you the chance to showcase yourleadership skills.

· Most importantly, you have to make your chances. Many group discussionparticipants often complain that they did not get a chance to speak. The fact is that in nogroup discussion will you get a chance to speak. There is nothing more unacceptable in aGD than keeping one's mouth shut or just murmuring things which are inaudible.

The second most essential thing is that your contribution to the group should be

meaningful. For that you need to have a good knowledge base. You should be able tothink logically and hence put forth you ideas cohesively. The quality of what you said ismore valuable than the quantity. It doesn’t help if you shout at the top of your voice andspeak at great length, what matters most is what you speak and how it creates an impacton the group as well as the evaluators.

The last most important thing is that you must be clearly seen to be attempting to build a

consensus. This shows your ability to work in a team, your ability to adjust yourself innew surroundings and help others in your team to reach a definite conclusion amidst

difference of opinions. After all this is what all Group Discussions aim at: To be able todiscuss and arrive at a consensus.

To be able to meet the above requirements during a Group Discussion, one should

keep in mind the following basic mantras:

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a) Be Yourself . Be as natural as possible and don’t try to be someone you are not.

b) Take time to organize your thoughts. Don’t suddenly jump to any conclusion. Think before you speak so that you don’t speak anything irrelevant to the topic being discussed.

c) Don’t make the mistake of looking at the panel while you are speaking. You are in a

Group Discussion and you are expected to discuss among group members, so alwayslook at your group members while you are speaking.

d) Seek clarifications if you have any doubts regarding the subject, before the discussioncommences.

e) Your body language says a lot about you - your gestures and mannerisms are morelikely to reflect your attitude than what you say.

f) Never try to show your dominance. Be assertive, speak yourself and let others speak aswell.

g) Don’t lose your cool if anyone says anything you object to. The key is to stayobjective: Don't take the discussion personally.

h) Show your leadership skills. Motivate the other members of the team to speak. Bereceptive to others' opinions and do not be abrasive or aggressive.

i) Remember, opening the discussion is not the only way of gaining attention andrecognition. If you do not give valuable insights during the discussion, all your efforts of initiating the discussion will be in vain.

Don’t be disheartened if you did not do well in your First Group Discussion. Instead tryto learn from your past mistakes. Remember,Practice makes man perfect!!!!!

Be as natural as possible. Do not try and be someone you are not. Be yourself.

A group discussion is your chance to be more vocal. The evaluator wants to hear

you speak.

Take time to organize your thoughts. Think of what you are going to say.

Seek clarification if you have any doubts regarding the subject.

Don't start speaking until you have clearly understood and analyzed the subject.

Work out various strategies to help you make an entry: initiate the discussion or

agree with someone else's point and then move onto express your views.

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Opening the discussion is not the only way of gaining attention and recognition. If

you do not give valuable insights during the discussion, all your efforts of

initiating the discussion will be in vain.

Your body language says a lot about you - your gestures and mannerisms are

more likely to reflect your attitude than what you say.

Language skills are important only to the effect as to how you get your points

across clearly and fluently.

Be assertive not dominating; try to maintain a balanced tone in your discussion

and analysis.

Don't lose your cool if anyone says anything you object to. The key is to stay

objective: Don't take the discussion personally.

Always be polite: Try to avoid using extreme phrases like: Ì strongly object' or Ìdisagree'. Instead try phrases like: Ì would like to share my views on…' or Òne

difference between your point and mine…' or "I beg to differ with you"

3. Presentation :

Students should prepare a presentation either in the general or technical

category making use of different multimedia tools and present it orally for

approx. 10 mins.

4. Book Review:

Students should review a book which they have read and liked. The review

should be oral and should consist of the following points:

About the book.

About the author.

What did you like or not like about the book.

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5. Non-Verbal (Written) Communication Exercises

AIM:- To Learn Non Verbal Communication Skills

OBJECTIVE : Students should understand the Use of Style, Grammar, Vocabulary andtools for conducting the following activities effectively :

Technical writing: technical reports, newsletters, technical articles.Official / businesscorrespondence: Business Letters, Progress Reports, Minutes of Meeting, EventReporting.

THEORY:-

How to write Business letters:

Reread the description of your task (for example, the advertisement of a job opening,instructions for a proposal submission, or assignment prompt for a course). Think aboutyour purpose and what requirements are mentioned or implied in the description of the

task. List these requirements. This list can serve as an outline to govern your writing andhelp you stay focused, so try to make it thorough. Next, identify qualifications, attributes,objectives, or answers that match the requirements you have just listed. Strive to be exactand specific, avoiding vagueness, ambiguity, and platitudes. If there are industry- orfield-specific concepts or terminology that are relevant to the task at hand, use them in amanner that will convey your competence and experience. Avoid any language that youraudience may not understand. Your finished piece of writing should indicate how youmeet the requirements you've listed and answer any questions raised in the description orprompt.

Application letters and cover letters

Many people believe that application letters and cover letters are essentially the same. Forpurposes of this handout, though, these kinds of letters are different. The letter of application is a sales letter in which you market your skills, abilities, and knowledge. Acover letter, on the other hand, is primarily a document of transmittal. It identifies an itembeing sent, the person to whom it is being sent, and the reason for its being sent, andprovides a permanent record of the transmittal for both the writer and the reader.

Application lettersWhen writing an application letter, remember that you probably have competition. Youraudience is a professional who screens and hires job applicants—someone who may look

through dozens or even hundreds of other applications on the day she receives yours. Theimmediate objective of your application letter and accompanying resume is to attract thisperson's attention. Your ultimate goal is to obtain an interview.

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5.Non-Verbal (Written) Communication Exercises

As you write your application letter, be sure you complete three tasks: catch the reader'sattention favorably, convince the reader that you are a qualified candidate for the job, andrequest an interview.

Application letter checklist:

Identify the job by title and let the recipient know how you heard about it. Summarize your qualifications for the job, specifically your work experience,

activities that show your leadership skills, and your educational background. Refer the reader to your enclosed resume. Ask for an interview, stating where you can be reached and when you will be

available. If your prospective employer is located in another city and you plan tovisit the area, mention the dates for your trip.

To save your reader time and to call attention to your strengths as a candidate,state your objective directly at the beginning of the letter.

Example: I am seeking a position as a manager in your Data Center. In such a

management position, I can use my master's degree in information systems and my

experience as a programmer/analyst to address business challenges in data processing.

If you have been referred to a company by one of its employees, a career counselor, aprofessor, or someone else, mention that before stating your job objective.

Cover letters

As mentioned previously, application letters and cover letters are not the same. A coverletter identifies an item being sent, the person to whom it is being sent, and the reason forits being sent. A cover letter provides a permanent record of the transmittal for both thewriter and the reader.

In a cover letter, keep your remarks brief. Your opening should explain what you aresending and why. In an optional second paragraph, you might include a summary of theinformation you are sending. A letter accompanying a proposal, for example, might pointout sections in the proposal that might be of particular interest to the reader. The lettercould then go on to present a key point or two explaining why the writer's firm is the bestone for the job. The closing paragraph should contain acknowledgements, offeradditional assistance, or express the hope that the material will fulfill its purpose.

The following are examples of cover letters. The first letter (Sample #1) is brief and tothe point. The second letter (Sample #2) is slightly more detailed because it touches onthe manner in which the information was gathered.

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Sample #1

Your Company Logo and Contact Information

January 11, 2005

Brian Eno, Chief EngineerCarolina Chemical Products3434 Pond View LaneDurham, NC 27708

Dear Mr. Eno:

Enclosed is the final report on our installment of pollution control equipment at Eastern

Chemical Company, which we send with Eastern's Permission. Please call me collect(ext. 1206) or email me at the address below if I can answer any questions.

Sincerely,

Nora CassidyTechnical Services [email protected]

Enclosure: Report

Writing the Basic Business Letter

Parts of a Business Letter

Date

The date line is used to indicate the date the letter was written. However, if your letter iscompleted over a number of days, use the date it was finished in the date line. Whenwriting to companies within the United States, use the American date format. (TheUnited States-based convention for formatting a date places the month before the day.For example: June 11, 2001. ) Write out the month, day and year two inches from the top

of the page. Depending which format you are using for your letter, either left justify thedate or center it horizontally.

Sender's Address

Including the address of the sender is optional. If you choose to include it, place theaddress one line below the date. Do not write the sender's name or title, as it is included

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in the letter's closing. Include only the street address, city and zip code. Another option isto include the sender's address directly after the closing signature.

Inside Address

The inside address is the recipient's address. It is always best to write to a specificindividual at the firm to which you are writing. If you do not have the person's name, dosome research by calling the company or speaking with employees from the company.Include a personal title such as Ms., Mrs., Mr., or Dr. Follow a woman's preference inbeing addressed as Miss, Mrs., or Ms. If you are unsure of a woman's preference in beingaddressed, use Ms. If there is a possibility that the person to whom you are writing is aDr. or has some other title, use that title. Usually, people will not mind being addressedby a higher title than they actually possess. To write the address, use the U.S. Post OfficeFormat. For international addresses, type the name of the country in all-capital letters onthe last line. The inside address begins one line below the sender's address or one inchbelow the date. It should be left justified, no matter which format you are using.

Salutation

Use the same name as the inside address, including the personal title. If you know theperson and typically address them by their first name, it is acceptable to use only the firstname in the salutation (for example: Dear Lucy:). In all other cases, however, use thepersonal title and full name followed by a colon. Leave one line blank after the salutation.

If you don't know a reader's gender, use a nonsexist salutation, such as "To Whom it MayConcern." It is also acceptable to use the full name in a salutation if you cannot determinegender. For example, you might write Dear Chris Harmon: if you were unsure of Chris'sgender.

Body

For block and modified block formats, single space and left justify each paragraph withinthe body of the letter. Leave a blank line between each paragraph. When writing abusiness letter, be careful to remember that conciseness is very important. In the firstparagraph, consider a friendly opening and then a statement of the main point. The nextparagraph should begin justifying the importance of the main point. In the next fewparagraphs, continue justification with background information and supporting details.The closing paragraph should restate the purpose of the letter and, in some cases, requestsome type of action.

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Closing

The closing begins at the same horizontal point as your date and one line after the last

body paragraph. Capitalize the first word only (for example: Thank you) and leave fourlines between the closing and the sender's name for a signature. If a colon follows thesalutation, a comma should follow the closing; otherwise, there is no punctuation afterthe closing.

Enclosures

If you have enclosed any documents along with the letter, such as a resume, you indicatethis simply by typing Enclosures one line below the closing. As an option, you may listthe name of each document you are including in the envelope. For instance, if you haveincluded many documents and need to ensure that the recipient is aware of each

document, it may be a good idea to list the names.

Typist initials

Typist initials are used to indicate the person who typed the letter. If you typed the letteryourself, omit the typist initials.

A Note About Format and Font

When writing business letters, you must pay special attention to the format and font used.The most common layout of a business letter is known as block format. Using this

format, the entire letter is left justified and single spaced except for a double spacebetween paragraphs. Another widely utilized format is known as modified block format.In this type, the body of the letter is left justified and single-spaced. However, the dateand closing are in alignment in the center of the page. The final, and least used, style issemi-block. It is much like the modified block style except that each paragraph isindented instead of left justified.

Keep in mind that different organizations have different format requirements for theirprofessional communication. While the examples provided by the OWL contain commonelements for the basic business letter (genre expectations), the format of your businessletter may need to be flexible to reflect variables like letterheads and templates. Our

examples are merely guides.

If your computer is equipped with Microsoft Office 2000, the Letter Wizard can be usedto take much of the guesswork out of formatting business letters. To access the Letter

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Wizard, click on the Tools menu and then choose Letter Wizard. The Wizard will presentthe three styles mentioned here and input the date, sender address and recipient address

into the selected format. Letter Wizard should only be used if you have a basicunderstand of how to write a business letter. Its templates are not applicable in every

setting. Therefore, you should consult a business writing handbook if you have anyquestions or doubt the accuracy of the Letter Wizard.

Another important factor in the readability of a letter is the chosen font. The generallyaccepted font is Times New Roman, size 12, although other fonts such as Arial may beused. When choosing a font, always consider your audience. If you are writing to aconservative company, you may want to use Times New Roman. However, if you arewriting to a more liberal company, you have a little more freedom when choosing fonts.

As far as punctuation after the salutation and closing is concerned, the standard is to use acolon after the salutation (never a comma) and a comma after the closing. There is also aless accepted format, known as open punctuation, in which punctuation is excluded afterthe salutation and the closing.

What is Technical Writing?

Taking complicated subject matter and transforming it into easy-to-understandinformation for the reader.

Tech Writers create

Technical Reports

User’s manuals

On-line help

Training manuals

Quick-reference guides

Technical Report:

Content of report:

Title Author name(s), affiliation and contact details

Date

Version number

Abstract, this is essentially an executive summary

Page numbers

Table of contents

Conclusions

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The first four items above must appear on the front page. The abstract can appear on thefront page or before the table of contents. Ideally, each page should have a header and afooter (in Microsoft Word you create headers and footers from the View menu). Theheader should contain the author, title, and version number. The footer should contain thedate and page number. Page numbers should appear preferably in the form “Page n/m”where m is total number of pages. In MS Word it is easy to generate the numbercorresponding to total number of pages automatically – just insert the field“NUMPAGES” (click on Insert/Field menu and then just select NUMPAGES).

Z. Technical Writing

Assuming you are using a word-processing system you should generate the table of contents automatically. In Microsoft Word the menu option InsertIndexes and Tablesbrings you to the required functionality. An automatically generated table of contents willpick up headings that you have nominated as sections and subsections etc.

General layout

You should obviously try to make your report attractive to look at. However, this doesnot mean adding meaningless frills such as decorative borders or unnecessary graphics,which actually detract from your message. Figures and tables are excellent for breakingup text, providing that they are genuinely helpful in clarifying your argument or betterstill if they are used instead of a long-winded textual description. You should also break the report up with sections and headings.

One of the simplest ways to make your report attractive is by sticking to the following

principles about fonts, spacing and margins:

Fonts: Apart from headings and caption labels, you should generally use the samefont and font size throughout. The Times New Roman font at 11pt or 12pt is agood choice.

Spacing: It is good to have plenty of white space on a page. However, double-spacing throughout is overkill, unless you are producing a draft that you wantsomebody to annotate. Using a font like Times New Roman with the spacing setas single in MS

Word looks fine (that is how this document is set up). However, what is crucial is

that you should always leave spaces between paragraphs

Margins: Leave wide margins (1.25in is good). For formal reports it is also best touse the ‘right justify’.

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Sections and section numbering

Any report longer than four pages should be broken up into sections using the followingprinciples:

Sections should be numbered (preferably using numerals. 1, 2, 3, ..). Whatevernumbering convention you use you must be consistent.

Each section should have a proper heading that accurately reflects the materialcontained within it.

Long sections should be broken up into subsections, which should be numberedn.1, n.2, etc. where n is the section number.Z. Technical Writing

Long subsections should be broken up into sub subsections which should benumbered

n.m.1, n.m.2, etc where n is the section number, m is the subsection number.

The crucial role of ‘introductions’ and summaries

The following rules explain the nature of ‘introductions’ at different levels of decomposition:

The first section of any report should be an introduction and overview of the

entire report. It should end by giving a walkthrough of the subsequent sections.

Where a section is broken into subsections the text immediately before the firstsubsection should be an introduction and overview of the entire section. It shouldend by giving a walkthrough of the subsequent subsections.

Where a subsection is broken into sub subsections the text immediately before thefirst sub subsection should be an introduction and overview of the entiresubsection. It should end by giving a walkthrough of the subsequent subsubsections. In other words, at each level of decomposition, preceding the firstmain component at that level there should be an introduction and overview of the

set of components at that level. This introductory text should say what iscontained in each of the components.

Section 3The text for section 3 goes here. No need for introduction as it has no subsections.Where a section has more than one section it is also useful to include a summary at theend that reminds readers of the main points. In other words, each main section isstructured as follows:

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1. Tell readers what you are going to tell them.2. Tell them it.3. Tell them what you have told them.The same is true at the top level, because the first section of the report is the introductionto the whole report and the final section is the report summary.

Figures and tables

It is good to include figures and tables in your document because they break up the textand make it more readable. When using figures and tables you should stick to thefollowing the rules:

Every figure and table in your document should be numbered and labeled

Every reference to a figure or table should use the number of the figure or table

Every figure or table that appears in a technical document must be cited at somepoint in the document


1. Technical reports.2. Technical newsletters,3. Technical articles4. Minutes of meeting.5. Work progress report.6. Business letters (applications, leave letters etc.)7. Event Reporting.

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6.Social Skills Development Exercises

AIM:-To Develop Social Skills .

OBJECTIVE: Students should understand Ethics , etiquettes and socialresponsibilities as a professional and as a human being.

PRACTICE ASSIGNMENTS:

Make the students perform a social activity like visiting orphanages, old age homes,environmental activities like coastal clean up etc.

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7. Leadership Skills and Interpersonal Communications Exercises.

AIM:-To Learn & Develop the Leadership Skills and Interpersonal Communications

OBJECTIVE :

Understand the importance of leadership

Learning a leader’s vision

Understand implementation and execution of ideas

Students should understand the following

Leaders: Their skills, roles, and responsibilities. Vision, Empowering and delegation,motivating others, organizational skills, Problem solving and conflict management, teambuilding, interpersonal skills. Organizing and conducting meetings, decision making,giving support

THEORY:

Leadership:

Leadership, a critical management skill, is the ability to motivate a group of peopletoward a common goal.

What is a leader?A leader is a person who has a vision, a drive and a commitment to achieve that vision,and the skills to make it happen.

Let's look at each of those in detail.

The Leader's Vision:

A leader has a vision. Leaders see a problem that needs to be fixed or a goal that needs tobe achieved. It may be something that no one else sees or simply something that no oneelse wants to tackle. Whatever it is, it is the focus of the leader’s attention and they attack it with a single-minded determination.Whether the goal is to double the company's annual sales, develop a product that willsolve a certain problem, or start a company that can achieve the leader's dream, the leaderalways has a clear target in mind.

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The Drive to See It Through

It is not enough to just have a vision. Lots of people see things that should be done, thingsthat should be fixed, great step forward that could be taken. What makes leaders differentis that they act. They take the steps to achieve their vision.Is it a passion for the idea, an inner sense of drive, or some sense of commitment?Whatever it is, it is the strength that lets leaders move their vision forward despite all theobstacles, despite all the people saying it can't be done, it's too costly; we tried thatbefore, or a dozen other excuses. The true leader perseveres and moves forward.

Trait and Skills a Leader Must Have

There are things that set leaders apart from other people. Some people are born with thesecharacteristics. Others develop them as they improve as leaders. These are not magicbullets. They are things you can do and be if you want to be a leader.

Traits of a Leader

There are as many traits of a leader as there are lists of what makes a leader. Here are thefundamental traits of a leader from my perspective:

Has integrity. People have to believe that you are pursuing your dream becauseit's the right thing to do, not just because you are ego driven.

Is a people person. Understands the differences that make people unique and isable to use those individual skills to achieve the goal.

Is positive. A leader encourages and rewards people and makes you want to do itand do it right. A leader is not a negative person and doesn't waste time and efforttelling everyone what they're doing wrong.

Leadership Skills

Beyond the personal traits of a leader, there are specific skills someone must master if they want to be a leader.

Effective communication - it's more than just being able to speak and write. Aleader's communication must move people to work toward the goal the leader haschosen.

Motivation - a leader has to be able to motivate everyone to contribute. Each of ushas different "buttons". A leader knows how to push the right buttons on everyoneto make them really want to do their best to achieve the leader's goal.

Planning - the leader has a plan to achieve the goal. He/she doesn't get too boggeddown in the details, that's what managers are for, but rather uses a high level planto keep everyone moving together toward the goal.

Bottom Line

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Leaders dream dreams. They refuse to let anyone or anything get in the way of achievingthose dreams. They are realistic, but unrelenting. They are polite, but insistent. Theconstantly and consistently drive forward toward their goal. You can be a leader. Youwill be - when it matters enough to you.


Conduct Leadership activities for group

Leadership Activities for Groups

One of the best activities for finding and fostering leadership skills is of givingthe participants a questionnaire. Design tricky questions that can help you find aleader in the crowd. Ask the participants to imagine they are caught in a stormand ask them to state what would they do to reach home. Ask them to imaginethat day as the last day of their life. Ask them to list down the things they woulddo then! Frame such hypothetical scenarios and find how they would react tothem. The questions of this type require quick decision-making and logicalthinking. The answers to these questions will reflect their skills of contingencyplanning as well. The answers will represent the type of decision-makingpractices they would follow if given leadership. Understanding people's reactionsto situations is sure to bring forward their personalities.

This leadership activity will require you to split the group into teams of two. Ask one of the participants in each pair to frame interview-like questions for his/herpartner. Let the both in the pair take their chances of putting forth questions.Each one's way of framing the questions, the thought process behind each of thequestions as also the answers obtained from each of the participants can serve asa means to identify leadership.

1) Split the group into teams. See that any two people who know each otherfairly well are in opposite teams. Now ask each member of the team to chose oneperson from the opposite team and say what should be changed about thatperson. This leadership activity helps the people in the group assess each other.You can see how well they judge their fellow mates. These judgments can give

an idea about the way they think about each other. It is sure to exhibit thefeelings borne by the team members for each other.

2) Inviting each member to define leadership in his/her own way or ask eachmember, "Which leader inspires you and why?" The answers to these questionswould make explicit each one's ideas about leadership. The person's answers willalso reflect the type of leader he/she is.

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Conduct Team building games for students for team building.

Team Building Games

1) Who Will Cross the Line First?

ObjectivesThis short on-your-feet activity helps team members realize that they’ll be moresuccessful working together toward the same objectives rather than standing apartletting their egos get in the way.

PreparationPlace masking tape on the floor to divide the room in half

SayEveryone please stand on one side of the line, opposite another person. (Allow forparticipants to take their places.) You have 15 seconds to convince the personopposite you, without force, to cross the line. Begin. (Announce that time is up afterabout 15 seconds.)

Discussion QuestionsHow many of you got the other person to cross the line? How did you do it? What didyou try that didn’t work? How many of you offered to cross the line if the otherperson crosses—if you cross, so will I? That way who wins? (Both people). How doyou feel about the following statement: “Together we’ll be considerably moresuccessful reaching for the same objectives rather than standing apart concernedabout who will be first.” How does this apply to our workplace and team? How doesour ego sometimes get in the way of our success? How can we work together toensure greater collaboration? What can you do personally to increase thecollaboration on our team? How will this help our team?

Materials RequiredMasking tapeGroup SizeAny size

Comments

This is a very simple activity, but don’t let that fool you – it can stimulate a greatdiscussion about what it takes to get the most collaboration from team members.

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Approximate Time5 – 10 minutes, depending on discussion time

2) A Vision is Worth A Thousand Words

ObjectivesThis fun activity helps team members release their creative juices while developing aclear collective vision for becoming a stellar team.

PreparationGather several magazines you don’t want back. Even better, ask each person to bring twoor three old magazines with them to the meeting.

PreparationForm teams and give each group a sheet of flipchart paper, a bunch of magazines,scissors, markers, and glue sticks.

SayIt’s generally believed that we gravitate toward what we think about most and what wevisualize. Let’s spend some time creating a vision of what we want our team andworkplace to look like in order to function at peak performance. With your teammembers, please cut images and words from the magazines to create the vision you havefor our team. Glue them to the flipchart paper, and in about 15 minutes I’ll ask you tosign your masterpieces and hold them up for everyone to see.

Discussion QuestionsHow did you first feel when I said we’d be working with scissors and glue? How did youfeel as we got into the activity? How does that relate to trying other “unusual” things?How much does your collage differ from our current reality? How can we work togetherto achieve your vision? What can you do personally to achieve this vision? What are thefirst specific action steps? How can we ensure that we stay on-track? How can wemonitor and reward our progress?

Materials Required

Several magazines (about two – three per person), scissors, glue sticks, flip chart paper,markers

Group SizeTeams of 4 – 6, up to about 50 people

Approximate Time20 – 45 minutes, depending on the number of teams and discussion time

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3.Building Castles in The Air

Objectives

This fast-paced activity helps teams learn to achieve measurably better results throughimproved planning, communication, delegation, and learning from their successes andfailures.

ProcedureForm teams and provide each with a deck of playing cards.

SayUsing one deck of cards per team and no other materials, build from your tabletop up, thetallest freestanding card castle you can. I’ll award a prize for the tallest castle. You havefour minutes. Begin! (Announce when time is up, measure each card castle, and award a

prize to the team with the tallest castle.)

If I gave you a few minutes to discuss a strategy with your team members, do you think you could achieve measurably better results using a new deck of cards?

I’m going to give you three minutes to discuss how you can achieve measurable betterresults in Round Two using a new deck. During your planning session, please set a heightgoal and do not touch any of the cards. At the conclusion of the planning session, youwill be required to take down your first castle. You have three minutes to plan. Begin.(Announce when three minutes has elapsed.)

Take down your first castle. (Distribute a second deck of cards to each group. It’s best forthis deck to be a different color than the first deck.). You have four minutes to build thetallest castle and strive for the height goal you set using only the new deck of cards.Begin! (Announce when time is up, measure each card castle, and award a prize to theteam with the tallest castle.)

Discussion QuestionsHow many teams got measurably better results in Round Two? What enabled you to dothis? What was the impact of more planning time? How did having a specific goal help?Why didn’t you combine resources and join the teams together? How does this activityrelate to our team and our workplace? How can we together to achieve measurable better

results? What one or two things can you do personally to achieve measurably betterresults?

Materials RequiredTwo packs of different color playing cards per team, a measuring tape

Group SizeTeams of 3 – 6, up to about 100 people

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Approximate Time15 – 25 minutes, depending on discussion time

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8.Time and Stress Management Exercises

AIM : .To Learn How To Manage Time & Stress

OBJECTIVE:- Students should understand Managing Time & Stress

1. Different Time Management Techniques and Planning of activities.

2. Stress Analysis and Management Techniques.

THEORY:

Time Management

• Step 1 - List Your Tasks.• Step 2 - Fill In Schedule• Step 3 - Stop When Day/Week Is Full• Step 4 - If Tasks Remain, Remove Time From Nonessential Tasks (i.e., Sleeping,

Eating), Go To Step 2.

TIME MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUE•• Scheduling your work• Dividing your Time in such a way so that each Job has Ample• Time for its Completion.• for example : making time table, writing job which needs

to be finished etc.• Backup schedule:- In case the Schedule doesn't work out there Must be a

backup plan.

Stress Management

• Happy Hour - Friday at 6!:This is the way to be relaxed

Task not Time Management

• Time - Constant or Variable?• Managing Time a Problem of Estimation

– Difficult to Estimate Variable Tasks– Difficult to Account For Sources of Noise

• Better to Manage Around Tasks

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Heuristics for Organizing Tasks

• Priority Order• Task Duration• Category Order• Traveling Salesman

Using Small Bits

• Optimize for Large Chunks– Small Bits are Unavoidable (5, 10, 15 min)

• Making Them Useful– Planning (At least 10 minutes a day)– Cleaning / Organization Chores– Communication - Email, Phone Call– Creativity / Brainstorming– Small Tasks

The Art of Procrastination

• Art of Delaying the Inevitable• Where can you lose time?

– Worrying about finishing on time.– Worrying about the final outcome.– Distractions.– Doing “unimportant” things first.

Some Days Are Impossible

• In spite of best efforts - It’s still impossible to get everything done.• Partly the Environment or too many commitments.• This can lead to stress.

What is Stress?

• In the Good Old Days on the Serengeti….• Flight or Fight Mechanisms (Adrenaline)

• Problems with Modern Life• Survival Still Threatened

Manifestations of Stress

• Sources– Personal Pressure to Succeed– Financial Problems

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– Relationship Problems– Holidays

• Manifestations– Increased Heart Rate, Sleeplessness, Anxiety, Variable Appetite

Long Term Stress

• Being in Panic Mode all the time• Learned Helplessness• Can lead to numerous health problems• Can lead to Burnout

Managing Stress

• Redirect it into your work.• Exercise.• Keep a Regular Schedule (Eating, Sleeping, etc.)• Eliminate or Reduce the Sources of Stress

– Most things aren’t THAT important.– Seek help / advice from others.

Active Inactivity

• “Music is the Space Between Notes” - Claude Debussy• Creating Empty Spaces in Life is Essential.

Artifacts for Staying on Track

• 10 Minutes a day for planning.• Flexible Scheduling• Automated Schedulers - Netscape Calendar, Microsoft Schedule, Outlook, Palm

Pilot• Pad of Paper - Running to-do list, place for unloading.• A Watch

Developing The Habit

• Takes Discipline and Practice to Have Good Time Management Skills• Develop Skills Incrementally

– Start by developing a realistic schedule– Build in reward system for finishing things

• Over time, it’ll become second nature.

The Big Picture

• Important to know when you’ve done all that you can.• Don’t schedule more than is humanly possible.

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• Don’t stress about things that you can’t control.• Keep the long term goals in mind. (The PhD)

FOR DESTRESSING:

Mental ExercisesExercising properly in order to Refresh your Mind and Soul

and Distress it.For example : Yoga, Meditation.

Healthy DietHaving a Healthy and Balanced Diet to Nourish

you Physically and to Enhance your Mental Stamina.

HobbiesPursuing your Hobbies to Divert your Attention to Other

Activities.for example : listening to music, playing, reading etc.

Sleep: sleep is a natural distresses so have a good and ample sleep.

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9. Memory Building Techniques

AIM:To understand memory building techniques and application of same

OBJECTIVE:

Understand the different memory building techniques

Using creative techniques for memory building

Improving memory using the learnt skills

THEORY:

Mnemonics:

Mnemonic is another word for a memory tool. Mnemonics are techniques forremembering information that is otherwise quite difficult to recall. The idea behind usingmnemonics is to encode difficult-to-remember information in a way that is much easier toremember.

Designing Mnemonics:The key idea is that by coding information using vivid mental images, you can reliablycode both information and the structure of information. And because the images arevivid, they are easy to recall when you need them.

Fundamental principles of mnemonics are:

Imagination: Your imagination is what you use to create mnemonics that arepotent for you. The more strongly you imagine and visualize a situation, the moreeffectively it will stick in your mind for later recall.

Association: this is the method by which you link a thing to be remembered to away of remembering it. You can create associations by:

Placing things on top of each other.

Wrapping them around each other.

Rotating them around each other or having them dancing together.

Linking them using the same color, smell, shape, or feeling

Location: gives you two things: a coherent context into which you can placeinformation so that it hangs together, and a way of separating one mnemonic fromanother.

Various memory improvement techniques are:

The Link Method and Story Method – Remembering a Simple ListThe Link Method is probably the most basic memory technique, and is very easyto understand and use. It works by coding information to be remembered intoimages and then linking these images together

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The story technique is very similar. It links these images together into a story.This helps to keep events in a logical order and can improve your ability toremember information if you forget the sequence of images.

Both techniques are very simple to learn. Unfortunately they are both slightlyunreliable as it is easy to confuse the order of images or forget images from asequence.

The Number/Rhyme Mnemonic – Remembering Ordered ListsThe Number/Rhyme technique is a very simple way of remembering lists inorder. It is an example of a peg system using – a system where information is'pegged' to a known sequence (here the numbers one to ten) to create pegwords.By doing this you ensure that you do not forget any facts, as gaps in informationare immediately obvious. It also makes remembering images easier as you alwaysknow part of the mnemonic images. At a simple level you can use it to rememberthings such as a list of English Kings or American Presidents in their preciseorder. At a more advanced level it can be used, for example, to code lists of experiments to be recalled in a science exam.

The Number/Shape Mnemonic – Remembering Ordered ListsThe Number/Shape system is very similar to the Number/Rhyme system. It is avery simple and effective way of remembering a list in a specific order. It isanother example of a peg system based on pegword images.The technique works by helping you to build up pictures in your mind, in whichthe numbers are represented by images shaped like the number. You can thenassociate these with the things you want to remember using striking images.

The Alphabet Technique – Remembering Middle Length ListsThe Alphabet system is a peg memory technique similar to, but moresophisticated than, the Number/Rhyme system. It is a good method forremembering longer lists of items in a specific order, in such a way that you cantell if items are missing. It works by associating images representing letters of thealphabet with images you create for the things to be remembered.

The Journey System – Remembering Long ListsThe journey method is a powerful, flexible and effective mnemonic based aroundthe idea of remembering landmarks on a well-known journey. It combines thenarrative flow of the Link Method and the structure and order of the Peg Systemsinto one very powerful system. You use the Journey Method by associatinginformation with landmarks on a journey that you know well. This could, forexample, be your journey to work in the morning; the route you use to get to thefront door when you get up; the route to visit your parents; or a tour around aholiday destination. Once you are familiar with the technique you may be able tocreate imaginary journeys that fix in your mind, and apply these.

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The Roman Room System – Remembering Grouped Information

The Roman Room technique, also known as the Method of Loci, is an ancient andeffective way of remembering information where its structure is not important. Asan example, it serves as the basis of one of the powerful mnemonic systems usedto learn languages.To use the technique, imagine a room that you know, such as your sitting room,bedroom, office or classroom. Within the room are objects. Associate imagesrepresenting the information you want to remember with the objects in the room.To recall information, simply take a tour around the room in your mind,visualizing the known objects and their associated images.

The Major System – Remembering Very Long NumbersThe Major Memory System is one of the most powerful memory systemsavailable. It takes a lot of time to master, but once learned is very powerful. Thetechnique often forms the basis of some of the extraordinary, almost magical,memory feats performed by stage magicians and memory performers.

The system works by converting number sequences into nouns, nouns intoimages, and linking images into sequences. These sequences can be very complexand detailed.

The following tips also help:-

Healthy Diet"A healthy mind lives in a healthy body"Fruits, Green vegetables, juices etc. Act as per the set up body-clock.

Meditation, Yoga and Regular ExerciseHelps to increase concentration and focus. Pursue one's hobby.

Avoid Mental StrainSleep is a Natural Energy booster.7-8 hours of sleep rejuvenates and

replenishes one'smorale as well as energy.


1) The Link Method and Story Method

Give a list of things or places or words

Explain the link method or story method to remember the list

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Ask students to form their own links or story to remember the list

Ask students tell the list in order in front of the whole batch

Explanation:

The Link Method and Story MethodRemembering a Simple List

The Link Method is one of the easiest mnemonic techniques available. You useit by making simple associations between items in a list, linking them with a vividimage containing the items. Taking the first image, create a connection between itand the next item (perhaps in your mind smashing them together, putting one ontop of the other, or suchlike.) Then move on through the list linking each itemwith the next.

The Story Method is very similar, linking items together with a memorable storyfeaturing them. The flow of the story and the strength of the images give you thecues for retrieval.

How to Use the Tools:It is quite possible to remember lists of words using association only. However itis often best to fit the associations into a story: Otherwise by forgetting just oneassociation you can lose the whole of the rest of the list.

Given the fluid structure of this mnemonic (compared with the peg systemsexplained later in this section) it is important that the images stored in your mindare as vivid as possible.

Where a word you want to remember does not trigger strong images, use a similarword that will remind you of that word.

Example:

You may want to remember this list of counties in the South of England: Avon,Dorset, Somerset, Cornwall, Wiltshire, Devon, Gloucestershire, Hampshire, andSurrey.

You could do this with two approaches, the Link Method and the Story Method:

Remembering with the Link MethodThis would rely on a series of images coding information:

An AVON (Avon) lady knocking on a heavy oak DOoR (Dorset)The DOoR opening to show a beautiful SuMmER landscape with a SETting sun(Somerset)

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The setting sun shines down onto a field of CORN (Cornwall)The CORN is so dry it is beginning to WILT (Wiltshire)The WILTing stalks slowly droop onto the tail of the sleeping DEVil (Devon).On the DEVil's horn a woman has impaled a GLOSsy (Gloucestershire) HAM(Hampshire) when she hit him over the head with itNow the Devil feels SoRRY (Surrey) he bothered her.Note that there need not be any reason or underlying plot to the sequence of images: only images and the links between images are important.

Remembering with the Story Method:Alternatively you could code this information by imaging the following storyvividly:

An AVON lady is walking up a path towards a strange house. She is hot andsweating slightly in the heat of high SUMMER (Somerset). Beside the path

someone has planted giant CORN in a WALL (Cornwall), but it's beginning toWILT (Wiltshire) in the heat. She knocks on the DOoR (Dorset), which is openedby the DEVil (Devon).

In the background she can see a kitchen in which a servant is smearing honey on aHAM (Hampshire), making it GLOSsy (Gloucestershire) and gleam in brightsunlight streaming in through a window. Panicked by seeing the Devil, the Avonlady screams 'SoRRY' (Surrey), and dashes back down the path.

Key points:The Link Method is probably the most basic memory technique, and is very easyto understand and use. It works by coding information to be remembered intoimages and then linking these images together

The story technique is very similar. It links these images together into a story.This helps to keep events in a logical order and can improve your ability toremember information if you forget the sequence of images.

Both techniques are very simple to learn.

2) The Roman Room System

Ask students to make a list of information they want to remember

Explain the Roman Room System Method

Ask students to form images and remember the list

Ask students to present it in front of the whole batch

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Explanation:

The Roman Room SystemRemembering Grouped Information

The Roman Room technique, also known as the Method of Loci, is an ancient andeffective way of remembering information where its structure is not important. Asan example, it serves as the basis of one of the powerful mnemonic systems usedto learn languages.

How to Use the Tool:To use the technique, imagine a room that you know, such as your sitting room,bedroom, office or classroom. Within the room are objects. Associate imagesrepresenting the information you want to remember with the objects in the room.To recall information, simply take a tour around the room in your mind,visualizing the known objects and their associated images.

The technique can be expanded by going into more detail, and keying informationto be remembered to smaller objects. Alternatively you can open doors from yourroom into other rooms and use the objects in them as well. As you need them, youcan build extensions to your rooms in your imagination, and fill them with objectsthat would logically be there.

You can use other rooms to store other categories of information.

There is no need to restrict this information to rooms: you could use a landscapeor a town you know well, and populate it with memory images.

The Roman Room technique is just one way of representing your cognitive mapof the information in an easily accessible way.

Example:

I can use my sitting room as a basis for the technique. In this room I have thefollowing objects:

Table, lamp, sofa, large bookcase, small bookcase, CD rack, telephone, television,DVD player, chair, mirror, black and white photographs, etc.

I may want to remember a list of World War I war poets:

Rupert Brooke, G.K. Chesterton, Walter de la Mare, Robert Graves, RudyardKipling, Wilfred Owen, Siegfried Sassoon, W.B. Yates

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I could visualize walking through my front door. Within this image, someone haspainted a picture on it showing a scene from the Battle of the Somme. In thecenter of the picture is a man sitting in a trench writing in a dirty exercise book.

I walk into the sitting room, and look at the table. On the top is RUPERT the Bearsitting in a small BROOK (we do not need to worry about where the water goes inour imagination!) This code for Rupert Brooke.

Someone seems to have done some moving: a CHEST has been left on the sofa.Some jeans (Alphabet System: G=Jeans) are hanging out of one drawer, and somecake has been left on the top (K=Cake). This codes for G K Chesterton.

The lamp has a small statuette of a brick WALL over which a female horse(MARE) is jumping. This codes for Walter de la Mare.

Key points:

The Roman Room technique is most effective for storing lists of unlinkedinformation

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10. General Knowledge and Aptitude Development Exercises

AIM:- To Develop General Knowledge & Aptitude .

OBJECTIVES:

Students should learn how to Build general awareness & aptitude

PRACTICE ASSIGNMENTS:-

1. Building general awareness.2. Current events and updating news.3. Organize Debates on Current Affairs.4. Quiz based on General Knowledge.5. Aptitude building.6. (Mathematical, Logical Reasoning etc.)7. Conducting Aptitude Tests.8. Special tips should be given.9. Motivate Students to participate in various competitions & tests.10. Mock Personal Interviews

Sample Aptitude Test

1. Select the odd one

(a) January (b) February (c) Wednesday (d) November

2. Select the antonym of capture from the following

(a) attack (b) Release (c) condemn (d) None of the above

3. Find the antonym of autumn

(a) Spring (b) Winter (c) Summer (d) None of the above

4. One skirt requires 3.75 yards of cloth. How many skirts you can make

from 45 yards?

Ans: 12 skirts

5. Last month of an year

(a) January (b) February (c) December (d) November

6. Is the meaning of Client and Customer,

(a) same (b) contradictory (c) no relation

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7. Is the meaning of Canvas and Canvass,


8. Is the meaning of Ingenious and Ingenuous,


9. Is the meaning of Credible and Credulous,


10. Select the odd one out.

(a) 1/4 (b) 1/3 (c) 1/6 (d) 1/18

11. Select the least from the following.(a) 0.99 (b) 1 (c) 81 (d) 0.333

12. Find the next number in the series. 1, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125

Ans: 0.0625

13. One do llar is saved in one month. Then how much dollar is saved in one

day?

Ans: 1/30 =0.0333$

14. Y catches 5 times more fishes than X. If total number of fishes caught byX and Y is 48, then number of fishes caught by X?

Ans: 8

15. If a train covers 600m in 0.5 seconds, how long it will cover in 10

seconds?

Ans: 3000m = 3km

16. The girl's age is twice that of boy, if the boy is four years old. After four

years the age of the girl isAns: 12 years

17. Sister's age is twice than that of the brother. If the brother's age is six, what

is the sister's age after two years?

Ans: 14 Yrs.

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18. Two lemons cost 10 cents. Then one and a half dozen cost

Ans: 90 cents

19. A clock is late by 1 minute 27 seconds in a month. Then how much will it

be late in 1 day?

Ans: 2.9 seconds

20. Opposite of Remote?

(a) Far (b) Near (c) Huge (d) Village

21. Statement A: All great men are ridiculous; Statement B: I am ridiculous ;Inference : I am a great man;

(a) True (b) False (c) Not clear

22. Statement: Normal children are active; Inference: All children are active;

(a) True (b) False (c) Uncertain

23. Next number in the series 1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8 ?

Ans: 1/16

24. In 6 seconds a light flashes once. In one hour how many times it willflash?

Ans: 601 times

25. At 20% discount, a cycle is sold at a selling price of 2500 Rs. What is the

actual price?

Ans: Rs. 3125

26. Statement A: A & B have same age; Statement B: B is younger than C;

Inference : A is younger than C;(a) True (b) False (c) Uncertain

27. A invests $12000, B invests $8000, C invests $6000 and they got a profit

of $1200. How much share A got more than B and C?

Ans: 2/13 and 3/13

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1. Furtive - stealthy (secret)2. Pretentious - ostentatious (affected)3. Incentive - provocation4. Discretion - prudence5. Meager - scanty6. Cargo - freight (load)7. Baffle - frustrate8. Efface - obliterate (wipe out)9. Lament - mourn

10. Compunction - remorse (regret)11. Amiable - friendly12. Cajole - coax, flatter13. Embrace - hug (hold-cuddle)14. Latent - potential15. Confiscate - appropriate (to takecharge)16. Emancipate - liberate17. Misery - distress18. Annihilate - to destroy20. Acumen - exactness

21. Metamorphosis - transform22. Scrutiny - close examination23. Obstinate - stubborn24. Fuse - combine25. Whet - sharpen

1. Momentary - transient2. Latitude - scope3. Heap - to pile (collect)4. Adhesive - tenacious5. Veer - diverge (turn)6. Concur - agree (accept)7. Subside - wane (drop)8. Enounce - reject9. Hover - linger (stay close)

10. Tranquil - serene (calm)11. Admonish - usurp (reprove)12. Alienate - estrange (isolate)13. Instigate - dissipate (dismiss)14. Belief - conviction15. Covet - crave (desire)16. Belated - too late17. Solicit - beseech (seek)18. Brim - border19. Divulge - reveal20. Tamper - obstruct

21. Caprice - whim (impulse)22. To merit - to deserve23. Stifle - suffocate(smother)24. Lethargy - stupor (lazy)

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admonish = usurp (reprove)merry = gayalienate = estrange (isolate)instigate = incitedispel = dissipate (dismiss)belief = convictioncovet = crave (desire)belated = too latesolicit = beseech (seek)brim = bordersubside = wane (drop)renounce = rejecthover = linger (stay close)divulge = revealheap = to pile (collect)adhesive = tenaciousveer = diverge (turn)hamper = obstructcaprice = whim (impulse)to merit = to deservestifle = suffocate (smother)inert = passivelatitude = scopemomentary = transienttranquil = serene (calm)admonish = cautiousefface = obliterate(wipe out)conciliation= make less angry or more friendlyintermittent = stopping and then startingpreponderant= superiority of power or qualityvacillate = undecided or dilemmadeprecate = feel and express disapprovalassess = determine the amount or valuelitigation = engaging in a law suitnegotiate = discuss or bargainexpedient = fitting proper, desirable

conglomeration = group, collectionconnotation = suggest or implied meaning of expression

discretion = prudencecompunction = remorse (regret)amiable = friendlycajole = coax (wheedle – sweet talk)incentive = provocationembrace = hug (hold-cuddle)latent = potentialconfiscate = appropriate (to take charge)emancipate = liberatelament = mournconfiscate = appropriateobstinate = stubbornacumen = exactnessmetamorphosis = transformscrutiny = close examinationannihilate = to destroywhet = sharpenbehest = requestadage = proverbpenitence = to repeatlethargy = stupor (lazy)volume = quantityfurtive = stealthy (secret)meager = scantycargo = freight(load)baffle = frustratepretentious = ostentatious(affected)volatile = ever changingexpedite = hastensurplus = excessiveaffinity = strong likingfluctuation = waveringempirical = experimentalretrospective = reviewfallible = liable to erroregregious = bad

truncate = shorten by cuttingdecomposition = rottenequivocate = lie, mislead

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1] Depreciation = deflation, depression,devaluation

2] Deprecate = feel and express disapproval3] Incentive = thing one encourages one to do4] Echelon = level of authority or

responsibility5] Innovation = make changes or introduce

new things6] Intermittent = externally stopping and

then starting7] Detrimental = harmful8] Conciliation = make less angry or more

friendly9] Orthodox = conventional or superstitious

10] Fallible = liable to errors12] Volatile = ever changing13] Manifestation = clear or obvious14] Connotation = idea15] Reciprocal = reverse, opposite16] Agrarian = related to agriculture17] Vacillate = undecided or dilemma18] Simulate = produce artificially resembling

an existing one20] Access = to approach21] Compensation= salary22] Truncate = shorten by cutting23] Adherence = stick 24] Heterogeneous = non-similar things25] Surplus = excessive

26] Assess = determine the amount orvalue27] Cognizance = knowledge28] Retrospective = review29] Naive = innocent , rustic30] Equivocate = tallying on both sides31] Postulate = frame a theory32] Latent = potential33] Fluctuate = wavering34] Eliminate = to reduce35] Affinity = strong liking36] Expedite = hasten37] Console = to show sympathy38] Adversary = opposition39] Affable = lovable, approachable40] Decomposable = rotten41] Egregious = especially bad42] Conglomeration = group43] Aberration = deviation44] Erudite = wise, profound45] Augury = prediction46] Credibility = ability to commonbelief, quality of being credible

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1. Admonish= usurp2. Alienate = estrange3. Belief = conviction4. Baffle = puzzle5. Brim = edge

6. Covet = to desire7. Caprice = whim8. Concur = agree9. Confiscate = appropriate10. Cargo = load, luggage11. Dispel = scatter12. Divulge = reveal, make known, disclose13. Discretion = prudence14. Emancipate = liberate15. Efface = obliterate16. Embrace = hug, hold, cuddle

17. Furtive = stealthy18. Hamper = obstruct19. Heap = to pile20. Hover = linger

21. Incentive = spur22. Instigate = incite23. Inert = passive24. Latitude = freedom from narrow

limitations

25. Lament = wail26. Momentary = for small time27. Merit = to deserve28. Miserable = unhappy, sad29. Obstinate = stubborn30. Overt = obvious, clear, explicit, open31. Pretentious = ostentatious32. Potential = latent33. Renounce= give up, reject34. Solicit = Humble, urge35. Subside = settle down, descend

36. Stifle = suppress, extinguish37. Tranquil = calm, silent, serene38. To merit = to deserve39. Volume = quantity40. Veer = change in direction

Choose the word or phrase that is most nearly similar in meaning to the word in capital

letters.

11. Rife(1) direct (2) scant (3) peaceful (4) grim (5) mature

12. APOCALYPTIC(1) insular (2) complaisant (3) crass (4) prophetic (5) false

13. CAVIL(1) starry (2) criticize (3) cold (4) fundamental (5) porous

14. BLAND(1) caustic (2) meager (3) soft (4) uncooked (5) helpless

15 CORROBORATE(1) confirm (2) orate (3) disturb (4) apply (5) whisper

16. JAUNTY(1) youthful (2) ruddy (3) strong (4) untraveled (5) sedate

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17. BOISTEROUS(1) successful (2) democratic (3) noisy (4) ambitious (5) lamentable

18.TENUOUS(1) vital (2) thin (3) careful (4) dangerous (5) necessary

19. ALIMENTARY(1) nourishing (2) prior (3) exterior (4) private (5) cautious

20.DELETERIOUS(1) delaying (2) experimental (3) harmful (4) graduating (5) glorious

Sample interview Question Answers:-

1.) How much salary You r Expecting?

Answer1: I would expect a salary which reflects the experience and qualifications thatI bring to the role.

Answer 2: I’ve got a strong background in this industry and my skills are a perfectmatch for this role. I would expect my compensation to be at the upper end of theposition’s salary band.

Answer 3: Based on the information I have about the position, a salary in the range15,000 - 18,000 would reflect the experience and expertise that I would bring to the role.

2.) Why did you take HR as a specialization?

Basically i am a peoples person and enjoy interacting with different levels of peoplewhich is a basic requisite for any HR Personnel.Even i belive i can excel in peoplemanagement too and hence for me HR is the right field where i can utilise my skills

3.) What kind of person would you refuse to work with?

This is a very tricky question to test your attitude to others. So you must start theanswer in a positive note.Eg., Well, I am a person, who can work with all kinds of people. However, I feel bit uncomfortable to work with persons of selfish and ingratitudein nature.

4.) What have you done to improve your knowledge in the last year?

Every should learn from his mistake. I always try to consult my mistakes with my kithand kin especially with elderly and experienced person.

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5.) What is more important to you: the money or the work?Money and work both are like siblings. But I believe when you work hard; money will

flow to you. So work is more important than money. Only hard work can help you putanother feather in your success cap.

6.) Why do you want to join in industry?

Industry is a place where the graduates have the opportunity to apply their skills nknowledge which they learn from their respective institutions. so feel industry is a bestway for a person to applying their practical knowledge.

7.) Are you a team player?

While answering this question, try to keep yourself on both sides. For example, if theinterviewer asks if you prefer to work alone or on a team, he may be trying to get you tosay you are one way or the other. But you don't have to play this game. The reality is thatmost jobs require us to work both independently and in teams. Your response to thisquestion should show that you have been successful in both situations or (In case youdon’t find yourself comfy with team work say this) - I believe in individual work recognition [this would not put your weakness in front of others that strongly, Rememberpeople who take interviews are super masters, do not fool them]

1. Tell me about yourself 2. What are your greatest strengths?3. What are your greatest weaknesses?4. Tell me about something U did-or failed to do-that U now feel a little ashamed of.5. Why are you leaving (or did you leave) this position?

6. The “Silent Treatment”7. Why should I hire you?8. Aren’t you overqualified for this position?9. Where do you see yourself 5 years from now?10. Describe your ideal company, location and job.

11. Why do you want to work at our company?

12. What are your career options right now?13. Why have you been out of work so long?14. Tell me honestly about the strong points and weak points of your boss (company,management team,...)15. What good books have you read lately?

16. Tell me about a situation when your work was criticized.

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17. What are your outside interests?

18. The “Fatal Flaw” question19. How do you feel abt reporting to a younger person (minority, woman,..)?20. Would you lie for the company?21. Looking back, what would you do differently in your life?22. Could you have done better in your last job?23. Can you work under pressure?24. What makes you angry?25. Why aren’t you earning more money at this stage of your career?

26. Who has inspired you in your life and why?27. What was the toughest decision you ever had to make?28. Tell me about the most boring job you’ve ever had.29. Have you been absent from work more than a few days in any previous position?30. What changes would you make if you came on board?

31. I’m concerned that you don’t have as much experience as we’d like in…32. How do you feel about working nights and weekends?33. Are you willing to relocate or travel?34. Do you have the stomach to fire people? Have you had experience firing manypeople?35. Why have you had so many jobs?

36. What do you see as the proper role/mission of…37. What would you say to your boss if he’s crazy about an idea, but you think it stinks?38. How could you have improved your career progress?39. What would you do if a fellow executive on your own corporate level wasn’t pullinghis/her weight…and this was hurting your department?40. what would you do if he still did not change his ways?

41. You’ve been with your firm a long time.42. May I contact your present employer for a reference?43. Give me an example of your creativity44. Where could you use some improvement?

45. What do you worry about?

46. How many hours a week do you normally work?47. What’s the most difficult part of being a (job title)?48. The “Hypothetical Problem”49. What was the toughest challenge you’ve ever faced?50. Have you consider starting your own business?

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51. What are your goals?52. What do you for when you hire people?53. Sell me this stapler...54. “The Salary Question” – How much money do you want?55. The Illegal Question56. The “Secret” Illegal Question57. What was the toughest part of your last job?58. How do u define success & how do u measure up to ur own definition?59. “The Opinion Question”60. If you won $10 million lottery, would you still work?

61. Looking back on your last position, have you done your best work?62. Why should I hire you from the outside when I could promote someone from within?63. Tell me something negative you’ve heard about our company64. On a scale of one to ten, rate me as an interviewer.

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11. Meetings & procedures

AIM : To Learn the procedure & purpose of meetings

OBJECTIVE:

To make students understand & learno how to conduct an effective meetingo how to manage it wello Leaderrship responsibilities

THEORY:

Preliminary Thoughts

Who likes a meeting…• Without a clearly defined agenda• That seems to drag-on forever• That rambles from topic-to-topic• That ends without any apparent result?

These types of meetings are• Frustrating

A waste of one of the most valuable resources of any organization – time.

Outline• Meeting Management – A Leadership Responsibility• Why Effective Meetings?• Elements of an Effective Meeting• Types of Meetings• The Meeting

– Before the Meeting Agenda Group Dynamics

Personality Types– During the Meeting

Parliamentary Procedures Meeting Room Arrangements

Roles: Chair, Secretary, Members in General How to Deal with Disruptive Members

– After the MeetingAdditional Thoughts

Meeting Management –

A Leadership Responsibility

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Many people are promoted, elevated, or elected into leadership positions withoutreceiving any formal training or education on how to run an effective meeting.

Why Effective Meetings?• Time: a critical resource

• Opportunity Costs• For-profit environment, example: a one-hour meeting with 2 managers

and 4 engineers:manager: $100.00/hour – $200.00engineers: $ 60.00/hour – $240.00

Total – $440.00• Not-for-profit or professional society environment

• volunteers do not want their time wastedin-effective meetings cause discontent

Meetings

• Characteristics of negative meetings†:

83% – drift from the subject 77% – poor preparation 74% – questionable effectiveness 68% – lack of listening 62% – verbose participants 60% – length

51% – lack of participation

Effective Meetings

• What people are looking for in effective meetings‡: 88% – participation 66% – define the meeting’s purpose 62% – address each item on the agenda 59% – assign follow-up action 47% – record discussion 46% – invite essential personnel

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36% – publish an agenda


To make the student conduct meetings by giving some scinarios

Give them opportunity to become a leader

Make them write minutes of meeting

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Appendix

A. University Syllabus

214445 COMMUNICATIONS AND LANGUAGE LABORATORY

Teaching Scheme ExaminationschemeLectures: 1hr/week.Practical: 2 hrs / week Term work: 50Marks

Learning Objectives

Provide a sound grammatical and functional framework and systematic practice of key language

Present language in relevant and realistic situations Develop an essential Business English vocabulary

Integrate pronunciation practice with the main language points

Build confidence by developing tactics to help learners control conversations andavoid communication breakdowns

Motivate learners with activities to check their progress

Encourage learners to talk about their own jobs and experiences

Raise awareness of the cultural aspects of business communication

Overview

This course is designed for students with a limited knowledge of English who now wantto communicate simply and confidently in a range of job-related situations. It maximizesstudy time by focusing on essential language and skills and developing effective learningstrategies. Students learn listening, speaking, reading and writing skills with exposure toBusiness English. It will allow systematic coverage of Grammar & Vocabulary throughnatural recycling of language. The course will enable students to speak and write simpleEnglish in a range of everyday situations as well as communicate effectively in businessenvironment. It will also focus on remedial teaching.

The course aims at enabling students to revise, consolidate and extend their command of English grammar and vocabulary.

Teaching methodology in a Language Lab

Teaching with one to one and one to many control with the teacher. This facilitymay be utilised for teaching topics like Grammar, Writing Skills, Vocabulary,Phonetics etc.

Broadcasting facility could be utilised for conducting both reading and listeningcomprehension

One to one as well as one to many conversation facility in the software may beutilised for making corrections, remedial teaching and discussions with students

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Conference grouping could be used for conducting GDs

Word chatting

Pairing discussion may be used for conducting various activities to improvecommunication skills

Students demonstration

Class tests Student monitoring by teacher

Audio recording

Audio on demand (by students)

Video on demand (by students)

Material upload ( by teacher for upgradation of teaching material)

1: Vocabulary building:Vocabulary building expressions used in day to day situations, word & phrases

useful in a professional context, business expressions, abbreviations, telephone language,business idioms, polite requests, register, British and American English

2: PhoneticsConsonants, vowels, word stress, elementary intonation, Pronunciation practice,

General phonetics exercises in language laboratory.

3: GrammarFunctional Grammar, the tense: structure and use, formation of correct sentences

in various situations, common mistakes and how to avoid them, auxiliary verbs andvarious ways in which each can be used, Reported speech and its use in spokencommunication

4: Reading & Listening SkillsReading Comprehension, Listening Comprehension and Discussions based on

Listening sessions in groups of 10. Comprehension with various purposes such as findingprecise information, interpretation of the information, understanding the gist

5: Writing SkillsBusiness Correspondence: Business Letters, Covering Letters, Minutes of

meeting, E-mail Etiquettes, Resume. Technical Writing: Introduction to TechnicalWriting (Manuals, brochures etc.) Technical Reports6: Communication Skills

Formality and politeness, Body Language, Communication barriers, Planning,

preparation, delivery and assessment of activities like: Public Speaking, PresentationSkills, Group Discussion, Interview Skills, Extempore, Expressing agreement ordisagreement politely, Telephone etiquettes, Practice in language laboratory, PPT7: Meeting

Purpose, Procedure, Chairmanship, participation, minutes of meeting, Physicalarrangements

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8: Group DiscussionGroup Dynamics, Purpose, Organization, Group discussion for any 4

technical/non technical topics.

9: Audio Visual aids

Basic Principles and guidelines, types of aids and use, Development of PowerPoint presentation on any technical or non technical topic with animation, Sound, videoetc

10: Effective Stress ManagementSources of stress, Recognizing stress, Managing emotional and physical stress

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B. Assignment separator for the students journal.

Assignment No.: Date:

Title :

Signature of Staff with Date:

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Documents