Classification/Taxonomy

Chapter 17

The Three-Domain System• There are 3 Domains:– Domain Bacteria– Domain Archaea– Domain Eukarya

• There are 6 Kingdoms:

1. Eubacteria 2. Archaebacteria 3. Protista4. Fungi 5. Plantae 6. Animalia

The Three-Domain System• There are 3 Domains:– Domain Bacteria• Kingdom Eubacteria• Unicellular/Prokaryotes• Cell walls have Peptidoglycan

– Domain Archaea• Kingdom Archaebacteria• Unicellular/Prokaryotes• Cell walls withOUT Peptidoglycan

– Domain Eukarya• Kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

Kingdom Archaebacteria- Unicellular Prokaryote- Cell walls withOUT Peptidoglycan- Extremophiles – Love extreme environments

like volcanoes, hydrothermal vents, and hot springs

Archaea Hydrothermal Vent Hot Spring Volcano

Domain Archaea

Kingdom Eubacteria- Unicellular Prokaryote- Cell walls with Peptidoglycan- All other bacteria you encounter everyday

E. coli Staphlycoccus Streptococcus

Domain Bacteria

Kingdom Protista- Unicellular or Multicellular- Live in colonies

Amoeba Euglena Paramecium

Video Clip: Amoeba

Domain Eukarya

Plant-like Protists–Algae

–Euglena•Live in shallow water•Photosynthetic (autotrophic)•Can also be heterotrophic when light not available

»Absorb nutrients»Ingest other organisms

3 Categories of Protista

1. Plant-like1. Example: Algae2. Perform photosynthesis (autotrophs)

2. Animal-like1. Example: Amoeba2. Can cause disease (malaria, sleeping sickness)

3. Fungus-like1. Example: Slime molds

Animal-like Protists

–Also called Protozoans–4 Types

1. Ciliates (Example: Paramecium)

2. Sarcodina (Example: Amoeba)3. Zooflagellates4. Sporozoans

Slime Mold

Kingdom Fungi

- Unicellular or Multicellular- Cell walls made of Chitin- Heterotrophs….they eat!

Yeast Mushrooms

Domain Eukarya

Kingdom Fungi

- Can reproduce sexually & asexually- Usually reproduce asexually- Yeast reproduce asexually by budding

- However, under unfavorable conditions (such as drought) fungi reproduce sexually

Domain Eukarya

Kingdom Fungi•Hyphae• Thread-like structures which form all parts of the fungus• Main function is to help fungus obtain food – provide large

surface area for absorption of nutrients

Kingdom Plantae

- Multicellular- Cell walls made of Cellulose- Autotrophs….make their own food

Trees & Grass Moss Venus Fly Trap

Domain Eukarya

Kingdom Animalia

- Multicellular- NO cell walls- Heterotrophs….they eat

Worms Insects Jellyfish Giraffes

Domain Eukarya

6 KingdomsEubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia

E. ecoli Paramecium Fern frodH. coccinea Homo sapiensPyrococcus furiosus

ProkaryoteProkaryote Eukaryote Eukaryote Eukaryote Eukaryote

Autotroph or heterotroph

Autotroph orheterotroph

Autotroph orheterotroph Heterotroph HeterotrophAutotroph

Most common bacteria

Live in very hot places

Includes Algae

“Junk Drawer"Chloroplasts

Release enzymes to digest food

“Ancient Bacteria”

Unicellular Unicellular

Peptidoglycan No Peptidoglycan Chitin Cellulose No Cell Wall

Unicellular, Multicellular, Colonial

Unicellular (Yeast), Multicellular

Multicellular Multicellular

The End.