by sainu franco, v.r.mandla and nikhil.p.g school of mechanical and building sciences (smbs),
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14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications. Estimation of Power Generation Potential of Bright Roof- Areas and Photovoltaic Sizing in Hyderabad City using Geospatial technology. by Sainu Franco, V.R.Mandla and Nikhil.P.G - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Estimation of Power Generation Potential of Bright Roof- Areas and Photovoltaic Sizing in Hyderabad City using Geospatial technology
by by Sainu Franco, V.R.Mandla and Nikhil.P.GSainu Franco, V.R.Mandla and Nikhil.P.G
School of Mechanical and Building Sciences (SMBS),School of Mechanical and Building Sciences (SMBS),VIT University, Vellore, TamilNadu, India.VIT University, Vellore, TamilNadu, India.
14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications
IntroductionIntroductionThe harbinger of economic growth and
industrial development of any country is power generation.
This causes GHG emissions and depletion of fossil fuels .
Solar electricity has the potential to offset these negative impacts.
14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications
ObjectiveObjective
The calculation of roof area suitable for solar applications is done by analyzing available geospatial technology.
This study also develops an algorithm to estimate the total PV system components, using analytical methods.
The details of the power plant capacity required for 1 MW is also discussed.
The proposed results help the design engineers to fix the system and space requirements.
14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications
I.I. Data sourcesI.I. Data sourcesIn order to identify and calculate the
bright roof top areas the visible, near infrared (VNIR) and thermal bands of Terra/ASTER level 1B acquired with a spatial resolution of 15 m was analyzed.
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I.2 ASTER characteristicsI.2 ASTER characteristics
The ASTER instrument acquires surface data in the visible to near- infrared (three bands at 15m per pixel), short-wave infrared (six bands at 30m per pixel) and thermal infrared (five bands at 90m per pixel) wavelength regions of the electromagnetic spectrum
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I. 3. Study AreaI. 3. Study Area
14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications
I. 3. Study AreaI. 3. Study AreaHyderabad, is the capital of Andhra Pradesh,
India. It is one of the largest metropolitan city of India .
Hyderabad is situated on Deccan plateau, located in North West of Andhra Pradesh. Situated on 17° 22' 31" North latitude and 78° 28' 27" East longitude it has an average elevation of about 536 metres above sea level (1,607 ft).
14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications
II. II. ClassificationAccuracy Assessment:Supervised and Unsupervised
classification Supervised classification techniques include
Parallelepiped, Minimum Distance, Mahalanobis Distance, Maximum Likelihood, Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM)
Unsupervised classification includes ISO-Data and K-Means techniques.
14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications
◦Post classification tools classify rule images to calculate class statistics and confusion matrices to apply majority and minority analysis in classifying images
II. II. Post ClassificationPost Classification::
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III. 2. Classification III. 2. Classification AccuracyAccuracy
Classification Accuracy
020
4060
80100
120 Percentage accuracy
Fig: Classification accuracy using various classifiers
Kappa Coefficients
0.9533
0.6314
0.95120.8972 0.9329
-0.0075
0.475
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2 Coefficients
Fig: Kappa coefficients values for various classifiers Classification accuracy using various classifiers
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(Source: Sainu & Ravibabu, 2012, IJEE)
Classified Image
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Fig: Classification image of study area using SVM
Bright Roof Area Extraction
Fig: Shows bright roof area extraction using Google earth
Scale 1: 65m
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Classified Objects Area (km2)
% of total area
Bright roof Area 31.11 14.54
Land 67.09 31.35
Vegetation 13.43 6.28
Less bright roofs & roads
93.05 43.48
Water bodies 9.31 4.35
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Photovoltaic System Flowchart
PV Module Battery Bank
Inverter
DC Load
Solar Radiation
AC Load
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PV Sizing Algorithm
Start
End
Read load data
Read weather data
Read PV module input data
Print the values of Number of modules
Fix the inverter
size
Perform calculations for Module sizing
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Nps = (Vdc/Vm) (1)
Npp = (Pc / (W X Nps) (2)Ahd = (Im X hs X 0.9 X 0.9 X Npp) (3)Wht = (Ahd X Vdc X Ei) (4)Nar = (Npp X Isc X 1.3/Ar) (5)Area of the modules required = 0.64 X Nps X Npp (6)
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Module Parameters
Model NumberMaximum Power Short circuit current (Isc)
Open circuit voltage (Voc)
Current at max power(Imp)
Max current rating of module(Im)
Current rating of charge controller (Ar)
No: of sub-arrays and regulators VOLTAGE AT PEAK POWER POINT (VM)
L1270 ( BHEL Make)70 W4.6A21V4.3A4.4A 10 4458 16.4V
Inverter parameters
Efficiency (Ei)
System voltage (Vdc)
0.924V
Radiation input
T8 = 250C - Min Temperature at sitehs = 5.12hrs - Hours of bright sunshine
G1 = 5.12 kWh/m2 Average solar radiation
Table: Shows Module Inverter parameters and Radiation input
Output data Hyderabad city 1MW
No: of modulesSeriesParallelTotal No:No of sub arrays and regulatorsNo. of invertersSpace Requirements (Area of modules)Electricity generated daily
2583534361.16708 x 108
364125441.528 x 107
74.69km2
23000000 kWh
27143142869.143 x 103 m2
2.815 x 103 kWh
Table : Shows results of module sizing using simulation
ConclusionThe available bright roof area in
Hyderabad suffices for meeting 40% of the total power requirement of MCH.
Much higher accuracy can be achieved if technically advanced datasets of LIDAR or photogrammetry are used.
This study would not have been possible without the help of Geospatial data and it has proved to be an invaluable tool in studies of present scale and also at macro level.
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ReferencesReferences APCPDCL (www.apcentralpower.com/ ) accessed on 18-12-2011. Article on “Power Consumption Spirals”, The Hindu March 05, 2009. Vinod Kumar Sharma, Antonio Colangelo and Guiseppe Spagna, 1995;
Photovoltaic technology: Basic concepts, Sizing of a stand alone photovoltaic system for domestic applications and preliminary economic analysis; Energy Convers. Mgmt, Vol.36, No.3, pp 161-174
Fragaki.A and Markvart.T, 2008; Stand-alone PV system design: Results using a new sizing approach; Renewable Energy 33:162-167
Uzunoglu.M, Onar.O.C and Alam.M.S, 2009; Modelling, control and simulation of a PV/FC/UC based hybrid power generation system for stand alone applications; Renewable Energy 34: 509-520
Rodolfo Dufo- Lopez, Jose.L, Bernal Agustin, Jose.M .Yusta.Loyo, Jose.A.Dominguez
Navarro, Ignacio.J, Ramirez Rosado, Juan Lujano, Ismael Aso, 2011; Multi objective optimization minimizing cost and life cycle emissions of stand-alone PV-wind-diesel systems with battery storage; Applied Energy 88: 4033-4041.
Kaushika.N.D, Nalini.K.Gautam and Kshitiz Kaushik, 2005; Simulation model for sizing of stand alone solar PV system with inter connected array; Solar Energy materials & Solar Cells 85: 499-51
Sainu Franco, Usha, M., Ravibabu, M.V., Jothimani, P., 2011 ; Accuracy assessment of image classification techniques on aster data for landuse and landcover, Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Advances in Mechanical, Manufacturing and Building Sciences (ICAMB-2012), 09-11 Jan, 2012, Organized by VIT University, India.
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AcknowledgmentAcknowledgment
Authors would like to thank ..Director, CDMM, VIT University for permitting to utilize GIS labDr. Kamal Jain, Professor, Civil Engineering Department, IIT-
Roorkee for providing necessary data for this study. Mr. Peter Paul, Head, Survey & Mapping SAP SPATIAL SERVICES
Hyderabad for sharing spatial data
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Thank you for your kind attention..!
Nomenclature
Nps number of modules in series Vdc system voltageVm nominal voltage of the module Npp number of modules
in parallelW rated wattage of module Pc plant installed capacity in
WattsAhd daily ampere hours generated Im max. current rating
of module hs hours of bright sunshine Wht sizing of Charge
ControllerEi efficiency of inverter Nar number of sub
arrays and regulators Isc short circuit current; Ar current rating of charge
controller T8 min temperature at site; G1 Avg of mean
monthly global radiation
14th Annual International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial Information Technology and Applications