Powerpoint at www.mmjt.eu@richardsh56

What happened in 1813?

• Franz Delitzsch born Delitzsch, Franz Julius, 1813-1890.

• Jane Austen wrote “Pride and Prejudice”

• Beni Abraham founded• M'Cheyne, Robert

Murray, 1813-1843.

Joseph Samuel Christian Frederick Frey (1771–1850)

• Narrative of the Rev. Joseph Samuel C. F. Frey, 1834 (3rd ed.)

• Hebrew Dictionary• Joseph and Benjamin

Joseph Frey and the LSPCJ

Frey’s Preaching

Oppositionhttp://www.manfamily.org/PDFs/moses%20samuel%20address%20to%20missionaries.pdf

Palestine Place• Episcopal Jews

Chapel• School for

Hebrew boys and girls

• Operative Jewish Converts Institute

• Hebrew College for Jewish Missionaries.

• Date(s): 1845 to 1855 (F. Jones)

Episcopal Jews’ Chapel

7th Report p.10, in Norris 82

Palestine Place • On the eastern side of

Cambridge Road, the 5-a. field belonging to Bishop's Hall was leased in 1811 to the London Society for Promoting Christianity among the Jews, which built the Episcopal Jews' chapel and associated buildings, called Palestine Place by 1836. (fn. 34)

Palestine Place 1868http://london1868.com/weller45.htm

Palestine Place

Palestine Place to Brick Lane

Christian, Jewish, Muslim

Jews’ Chapel, 59 Brick Lane

Jews’ Chapel

Rules of the Beni Abraham

Rules of Beni Abrham

Dispute Resolution

Committee

Members 1

Members 2

First Anniversary – September 1814

First anniversary meeting 1814

Annual Accounts 1814

£1 = around £100 today (£58.22 – £852.60)The average annual income circa 1800 was less than £20The average weekly wage was around 6-10 shillings and many people earned far less.

Mrs. Hannah Abraham 1841 Census

Abraham Davis

Hyam Burn Isaac

The baptism of Hyam Burn Isaacs, son of Isaac Isaacs of Ipswich (where the latter's father too had resided) at the age of 16 in 1810, attracted much attention and even led to legal proceedings.(v) (v) Report of London Society for 1811, Appendix XI, XII.

Hyam Burn Isaac – Times July 11th 1810

Lydia Elias died Hackney 1859

Lewis Marcus

Benjamin Isaac(s)

• Worked as printing apprentice from age of 14

• Illegitimate son of poor working class parents

• Well treated but not religious disposition

• Developed interest in fine clothes

• 21st birthday, shows signs of ingratitude, breaking law, several occasions brought to attention of the police (Darby 2010: 61-62)

Mathew Swabey – Times 5th June 1797

Moses Marcus• Baptized 'Scots Church Swallow

Street London June 10th. 1810, Mr. Marcus being then 15 years old'

• Ordination 1819 Norwich Cathedral

• Curate St Sepulchre Northampton 1821

• A Third Letter to the Parishioners of St. Sepulchre, Northampton, in Answer to the Late Publication of the Rev. Mr. Butcher, in the Northampton Mercury 1822

• Mr Butcher, an attorney, has purchased St. Sepulchre and presented his son who has appointed Moses Marcus, 'a converted Jew' as Curate. The Bishop's arrangements for him have enraged Butcher, but Marcus, following a petition by parishioners, has been confirmed by licence for 3 years.

• Relative Margaret Brown here today!

David and Phoebe Borrenstein

Phoebe Borrenstein –Sane or Saul?

10 Jul 1813 - Whitechapel St Mary

Theft of a Wedding Ring?

Proceedings of the Old Bailey, 18th September 1820, page 30.

David Borrenstein at Princeton

Borrenstein’s printing

http://archive.org/stream/earlyprincetonp00collgoog/earlyprincetonp00collgoog_djvu.txt

Samuel J. Bayard's poem Mengwe; a

Tale of the Frontier, which was published anonymously in 1825

Stealing spoons from Lewis Way

The Christian Disciple and Theological Review, Volume 2, 1815

Lewis WayEach, says the proverb, has his taste. 'Tis true Marsh loves a controversy, Coates a play,Bennet a felon, Lewis Way a Jew,The Jew the silver spoons of Lewis Way. (Macaulay)

Jacob Josephson

3 Pitt Street, Sydney, October 1818

Silversmith in Australia 1824

Jacob and Emma Josephson

England & Wales, Criminal Registers, 1791-1892 about Jacob Josephson

Deportation

Jacob Josephsonreached Sydney in May 1818 on the Neptune, a convict sentenced to 14 years for forgery. His wife and sons Lewis and Joshua Frey arrived on 12 September 1820 on the Morley.

Are they related?

• Kelvin Crombie Joshua Frey Josephson

Why did Beni Abraham end?

• Todd Endelman – “the gap between the lofty, spiritualised rhetoric of the Society and the dismal, almost pathetic results of its efforts was enormous.” (p 77)

Michael Darby’s theory

“This attempt (the amended Rules and Regulations) to gain more independence for the Children of Abraham from the LSPCJ, however, was not successful. The fifty members of the association were expelled by the parent society and were obliged to establish a new organisation late in 1815 or early on 1816” (p.65)

David Eichorn’s Observation

“The year 1813 is also important in the history of Jewish missions because it marks the first effort of converted Jews to organize themselves into some sort of mutual aid society. On September 9, 1813, forty-one Hebrew Christians assembled in the Jews Chapel and formed the ‘Beni Abraham’” (1978:24-25)

Umbra Sumus

“Pulvis et umbra sumus - Horace. 'We are dust and shadows'. Book IV, ode vii, line 16.

The Messianic Movement – Where is it going?

History Repeats Itself

• “Know where you came from, and where you’re going, and before whom you will stand in the future—the Holy One, Blessed be He” (Pirkei Avot 3:1).

The early church

• Jewish Christianity in the Book of Acts

• Torah-observant Pharisees and Priests

• Mission to Israel – Peter• Mission to the Nations –

Paul• Jewish-Christian self-

definition in the 1st – 4th centuries

The 19th Century

• Benei Abraham Episcopal Jews Chapel (1814)

• Hebrew Christian Alliance (1866)

Israelites of the New Covenant

• Joseph Rabinowitz

• Haggadah liv’nei Yisrael Hama’amin b’Mashiach Yeshua Hanotzri

The Modern Messianic Movement

• A Jewish form of Christianity

• A Christian form of Judaism• 150,000 (?) worldwide of

16m Jewish people• 300+ Messianic

Congregations• Jewish identity, faith and

practice in light of Messiah

The Modern Messianic Movement

• Reformed, amillennial (Maoz)

• Dispensational Premilliennial (Fruchtenbaum)

• Charismatic, Historic Premilliennial, New Testament Halacha (Juster, Stern)

• Jewish religious tradition (Fischer, Schiffmann)

Torah-Positive Streams

• ‘Postmissionary Messianic Judaism’ (Kinzer, Nichol, Sadan)

• Rabbinic Halacha in the Light of the NT (Shulam)

• Messianic Rabbinic Orthodoxy (Brandt, Marcus)

4 Possible Futures – 1. Dry up

• Plateau and decline – a historical curiosity

• Fail to involve next generation

• Lack of spiritual depth and personal maturity

• Need for theological reflection

Harden up

• Harden up – Torah observance loses sight of Yeshua

• Trinity and Incarnational Christology needed

• Unity of Body of Messiah compromised

Blow up

• Blow up – increasingly ‘gentilised’

• False teaching on roles of Israel and the Nations

• Lack of authenticity

Grow up

• Spiritual health• Personal maturity• Numerical growth• Theological maturity• Reconciling love• Until Yeshua returns!