basic hse training

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BASIC HSE TRAININGBASIC HSE TRAINING

BASIC HSE

TRAINING

EMCO

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INTRODUCTION TO

HEALTH,SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT

All employees in our company are expected to perform their job without compromising the safety standards

All possible efforts shall be made to in the interest of accident prevention,fire-protection,health preservation and environment protection.

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ACCIDENT / INCIDENT

78 %78 %

20%20%

Unsafe Unsafe ConditionsConditions 20%20%

Acts of Acts of GodGod 2%2%

Unsafe Unsafe ActsActs 78%78%

UNSAFE CONDITIONS UNSAFE ACTSACTS OF GOD

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ACCIDENT / INCIDENT

If we realize that most unsafe conditions are brought about by human failure, then virtually all accidents are brought about by unsafe acts.

External Pressure -- "Let's get this job done, somehow !“

Bad Habits -- We fail to follow the established procedure and we don't get hurt (or we were not caught) this time.

Internal Pressure -- There is just so much to do and not enough time!", we will not finish the job if we get hurt. We may finish the job if we don't get hurt.

Attitude -- "This safety stuff doesn't apply to me!" So what makes you so special? Humans are humans.

Remember, safety is no more than doing the job the right way, every day.

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ACCIDENT/INCIDENT

Cost of Accidents Direct cost Indirect cost

Hazard A hazard is generally defined as any source or

situation which has a potential to cause injury to people, damage to properties or an impact on environment.

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ACCIDENT/INCIDENT

Accident prevention and control:

Don’t handle substances without knowing their hazards. Follow PTW requirements. Abide by plant safety rules. Don’t remove guards from machines. Don’t use machines if you do not know to operate safely & follow

instructions. Comply with safe working practices. Wear and use PPE correctly. Don’t abuse it. Don’t direct compressed air at yourselves or others. Never mess around while working. Never use defective equipment or machinery. Help to keep the workplace clean & tidy. Wash & dry hands to remove substances from skin. Report unsafe conditions to your supervisor. Use correct tools & equipments for the job. Obey all safety rules & signs. Don’t leave tools lying about where they can fall.

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ACCIDENT/INCIDENT

Accident Reporting and its benefits

By law you must report all accidents and near miss which happen at work to your employer.

Ensure that the accident report is prepared. If you don’t do these things you could be prosecuted and be

unable to claim compensation for injuries sustained. Know the contact number of your safety rep. Know the emergency procedure in case of accident. By reporting an accident you are helping in

preventing its recurrence

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GENERAL HSE RULES

Think before you act, to determine whether it is absolutely safe.

Always follow the instructions given to you Use your knowledge obtained through trainings Use your PPE Avoid Unsafe manual handling, loading, stacking &

storing Avoid Over loading of working places, scaffolding & hoist Avoid In correct use of plant & machinery Avoid Use of faulty equipments with improvised repairs Avoid Illegal removal of guards and barriers Do not Ignore safety signals, signs and warning devices

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HOUSEKEEPING

Arrange tools and equipment in an orderly manner. Route electric cables safely to avoid tripping hazards Keep the working platform clear of loose materials Dispose off scrap materials at the end of days work All protruding nails shall be removed or hammered flush

to the surface, so that they don’t cause harm. Proper house keeping helps in avoiding wastage of

materials/time Do not block fire exits or access to fire fighting equipment

by dumping materials Do not store flammable/combustible materials near heat

sources Remove spillage of oil, water etc., immediately. Toilet, washing & drinking facilities are provided for your

convenience. Please help to keep them clean and sanitary.

“A PLACE FOR EVERYTING AND EVERYTHING IN ITS PLACE”

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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

PPE are the last line of defense for controlling a hazard. Using PPE means the hazard exists through out the duration of work

and it could not be controlled by all previous methods. Means to say, even a short while of not using proper PPE or using

unsuitable / defective PPE will expose the person to that hazard.Types and Usage Head protection - Helmets Eye protection – Shields, Goggles, Face shields etc., Ear protection – Ear plugs, Ear muffs etc., Respiratory protection – Dust masks, Escape masks, Breathing

apparatus etc., Hand protection – Cotton Gloves,Leather gloves, Rubber gloves etc., Foot protection – Safety shoes – Antistatic, Slip resistant, Non –

conducting etc., Skin protection – Cover alls, Gloves, Apron, SleevesMaintenance Cleaning Disinfecting Storing

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GENERAL FIRST AID

Know the location of First Aid kit. Know the name of First Aider and contact number. Know the location of phone and understand the

procedure for calling emergency services. Remove the hazard from the casualty if safe to do so. Call for help – First Aider. Send some one to phone for an ambulance if necessary. Don’t move or disturb the casualty. Remain with the casualty, give reassurance. Make the casualty as comfortable as possible. Don’t give drinks / food. Moisten lips only. Don’t allow smoking.

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FIRE

Fire is decomposition of substances with the absorption of oxygen under the influence of heat

For combustion to continue all three factors must be present. Removal of any of the above, leads to collapse of the triangle and combustion stops.

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METHODS OF FIRE FIGHTING

Starvation - Removal or limitation of fuel

Smothering - Limitation of oxygen

Cooling - Removal or limitation of heat

Inhibition - Breaking the chain reactions.

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FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

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CHEMICAL SAFETYMaterial Safety Data Sheets

• Company Information

• Hazardous Ingredients

• Physical Data• Fire and Explosion

Data• Health Hazard Data

• Reactivity Data• Spill & Leak

Procedures• Special Protection

Information• Special

Precautions

Employer must have an MSDS for every hazardous substance used in the job.

MSDSs must be available to all users during the normal working hours of the workplace.

Employees have the right to refuse to use a product if the employer cannot provide the details of the MSDS.

Contents of MSDS

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CHEMICAL SAFETY

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CHEMICAL SAFETY

Labeling and Marking Systems - DOT LabelsLabeling and Marking Systems - DOT Labels

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REFINERY HAZARDS

COMMON SOURCES OF H2S

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REFINERY HAZARDSH2S or Toxic Gas Exposure

Hydrogen Sulfide – characterized by an odor of rotten eggs.

A very small concentration can be fatal. When encountered, employees must wear approved type masks when their work requires them to be exposed to the gas, in any way.

Hydrogen Sulfide is highly toxic, colorless, and heavier than air. It has the odor of rotten eggs, initially.

The only positive means is by testing with an approved

H2S detector.

DO NOT RELY SOLELY ON THE SENSE OF SMELL! It forms an explosive mixture with air.

The LEL is 4.3%

The UEL is 46%.

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General Procedures Any area where H2S has been reported or encountered, or where there is insufficient oxygen, there should be NO entry until sufficient tests have been made to determine the extent of the hazard and the area is purged to reduce the hazard to allowable concentrations.

For Toxic atmospheres, the employer should require proper respiratory equipment to be used by a trained employee, required to enter the area. Employees required to enter should be required to wear a safety harness with tail line for emergency retrieval.

A rescue watch(buddy), stationed outside of the hazard area with proper rescue equipment is also required to assist in case of emergency.

Canister-type filter masks should not be used.

Employees should be required to wear self contained respirators (SCBA) in those atmospheres where tests indicated oxygen content is less than necessary to sustain life.

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All employees should be trained and periodically refreshed in the use and operation of breathing equipment available on the job.

Medical personnel readily available for consult on matters of occupational health. Emergency numbers should be conspicuously posted. At least one employee, if not more, per shift trained in 1st aid and CPR, and be on-site. Where harmful chemicals are being used, readily accessible facilities should be available for rapid flushing of the eyes and/or skin areas.

NEVER FORGET THAT HYDROGEN SULPHIDE IS A DEADLY GAS.

TAKE NO CHANCES WITH IT!TAKE NO CHANCES WITH IT!

KNOW WHAT CONCENTRATION OF THE GAS IS PRESENT BEFORE DOING ANY WORK IN IT.

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In an emergency, the first thing to remember, is to get to a safe place, then…….

1. Call for emergency services

2. Put on the proper rescue personal protective equipment

3. Locate victims and move to safe fresh air areas. Always move upwind or crosswind to safe areas.

4. Administer rescue breathing or CPR if necessary (If you are trained & confident)

5. Seek medical attention immediately.

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ENVIRONMENT HAZARDS

Contamination Land Water Air

Waste Management

Hazardous wastes Non-Hazardous wastes

A separate area shall be earmarked for storage of

wastes

Hazardous wastes, if any, (such as flammable,

corrosive, toxic, explosive etc) shall be stored

separately from other materials.

Site storekeeper/ the engineer-in-charge (or his nominated representative) will be responsible for the collection and disposal of waste.

Disposal of chemical containers, if any, shall be left to the approved agencies. However, it is to be noted that the relevant MSDS shall be passed on to the agency and such containers shall never be dumped as general construction waste.

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ELECTRICAL HAZARDS AND SAFETY

Electricity is silent, invisible, and potentially fatal, so it deserves the utmost respect. Never ever take electricity for granted, and never assume a circuit is dead.

Only suitable and authorised electrical supplies and equipment should be used, which should be installed and maintained by trained electricians.

Suitable protection such as circuit breakers, fuses, and residual current devices, must always be used, along with the correct load ratings.

Circuit breakers should be tested regularly, for their effectiveness.

Use calibrated measuring equipment, to ensure its accuracy.

Always use cables of correct ampere rating

Remove the plug of the electrical equipment when not used.

Do not remove plug by pulling the cable

Never overload electrical sockets

Carry out visual checks of plugs, sockets and cables – if any

damage is identified then remove from service and report

immediately.

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ELECTRICAL HAZARDS AND SAFETY

Electrical cables should be suspended where practicable to avoid damage and damp conditions (which also reduces a trip hazard).

In order to handle materials over cables, lying on ground, make a ramp to protect the cable.

Do not meddle with electrical installations of others. Call the responsible person for help.

Any cable joints must utilise proper connector blocks, not just insulating tape and it must be ensure that they are protected from damage. Avoid joints in cables as far as possible.

Ensure cables are long enough for the task. Do not drag/transfer power tools by their cables.

The inner insulation of cables should never be visible – the outer insulation should extend into plugs and equipment and fully utilise cable grips.

Do not tamper with fuses

Follow Lock Out/Tag Out procedure whenever you have to carry out maintenance on electrical equipment. .(Only trained personnel are authorised to carry out Lock out/Tag out).

Where “Emergency Stop” switches are present ensure they are tested regularly.

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OVER VIEW OF WORK PERMIT SYSTEM

Cold work

Hot work

Confined space entry

Excavation

Radiation

Vehicle Entry

Only personnel trained and authorised by the client can carry out PTW

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EMERGENCY EVACUATION & PREPAREDNESS

In an emergency, the first thing to remember, is to get to a safe place,

• Put on the proper rescue personal protective equipment

• Call for emergency services

• Always move upwind or crosswind to safe areas.

• Seek medical attention immediately, if there is any victim.

Know the Emergency contact numbers

Know the location of Assembly point

Know the Emergency procedures of the client

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NOISE HAZARDS

As per OSHA, for an 8-hour work shift, one is not allowed to be exposed to more than 85 decibels

The main types of hearing protection are:

1. Earmuffs, which completely cover the ear.2. Earplugs, which are inserted in the ear canal.3. Semi inserts also called canal caps, which cover the entrance

to the ear canal.

It must:

1. Reduce noise exposure to below 85 decibels.2. Be suitable for working environment consider comfort and

hygiene.3. Be compatible with other protective equipment e.g. hard hats,

dust mask and eye protection.

Check:

1. The over all condition is still good and it is clean.2. Earmuff seals are undamaged.3. The tension in the headbands is not reduced.4. Compressible earplugs are soft, pliable and clean.

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TRAFFIC HAZARDS AND SAFETY

All the vehicles shall be operated by licensed drivers holding valid driving license.

Obey sign boards

Do not park vehicles in un-authorised areas or by obstructing the movement of emergency services

Do not drive vehicles in un-authorised areas

Avoid over speeding

Slow down at curves and avoid sharp turns Speed limit of the vehicles shall be restricted as per site rules. If the vehicle has to reverse in crowded areas, a helper shall assist the driver.Workmen shall not sleep under the parked vehicles. It will be the responsibility of the drivers to ensure that their vehicles are not overloaded. Drivers will be responsible for the regular maintenance of the vehicle.The materials shall be tied properly when loaded to the vehicles to prevent its dislodgment while moving

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EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBILITY TO HSE

All employees, as a condition of employment, shall individually familiarize themselves with and comply with all health and safety regulations and instructions. They shall use prescribed personal protection apparel and equipment and protective devices provided for machinery, equipment, tools, and processes. They shall develop intelligent and safe work habits by following procedures, safe practices, and safety rules and regulations in order to protect themselves and other workers from injury; and to prevent damage to materials, equipment, facilities and environment. They should contribute any suggestions that may assist in the effort to prevent accidents and injuries. They will not undertake a job for which they do not understand the risk, hazards or safety precautions, or a job for which they have not received proper instructions, training, and authorization. It is the responsibility of all employees to report all accidents or near misses to their respective supervisors.

Material handling regulations: Preplan the lift. Don’t place any part of the

body below the hoisted load. Use tested slings. Do not exceed SWL. Use taglines to guide the load. Manual guiding

should be avoided. Ensure that the personnel are not positioned in

corners where emergency movement is restricted.

Beware of pinch points Wear PPE.Adopt proper signaling method and

ensure proper communication and co-ordination.

Adopt proper rigging method based on packing dimensions.

Ensure proper guiding of the load to avoid jerks and swaying of the load.

Ensure the access is clear for the transportation of the load.

Ensure the slings used are suitable for the purpose intended & examine them prior to usage.


Material handling regulations:

Ensure padding wherever the slings come in contact with sharp corners.

Ensure that the lifting machinery had a valid certificate to ascertain its condition.

Ensure that the operator has a valid license and is aware of signaling methods.

Ensure the proper functioning of all controls like limit switches, overloading devices, brakes, load moment indicators etc.,

Ensure that the movement of the load is clear of all obstructions and overhead hazards.

Barricade the working area and post warning signs in order to warn the other workers.


Manual handling :

Plan the lift. Use mechanical aids wherever possible.know

the weight of the material to be lifted. Decide where the load has to be placed. If load is heavy or awkward - get help. If travelling a long distance with the load,

consider a set down / rest point in between. Adopt a good posture to keep the back

straight. Get a firm grip of the load. Carry out lifting movement smoothly.Do not

jerk,. Move the feet- don’t twist the trunk. Keep the load close to the trunk. For precise positioning,put it down first and

then slide it into required position. Position feet, shoulder width apart, giving a

balanced and stable base for lifting. Wear PPE.


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