Awareness Of Socio-cultural Aspects Of Ethnic Groups

Aspects: RaceStructure of society / social cultural Beliefs Language Custom and ritualsGender

Race Social integration:A process of uniting different races by minimizing the differences among races. Unite the different races by accepting their way of life the way they are and Avoid prejudice, stereotyping and discrimination. Involve acculturation : a changes in own culture by adapt and adopt the cultures of other races e.g. language.

Race Assimilation: Divided into two:Culture assimilation: a process where by the minority group learns the culture of the majority group in order to practice in daily life. e.g. : language Malay language Structure assimilation: The minority group is being able to join the main institution and social activity of the dominant group.

Race Amalgamation : uniting the different races in biological form. Through mix marriage

Language Is a tool of communication.Forms of language: Written formVerbalNon verbal gesturesFunctions of language:General function: a tool of communication, a tool of integration and social adaptation. Specific function: social interaction, work of art and knowledge exploration.

Language Malay Language: National language a tool in uniting the different races in Malaysia. Official languageAccording to Education Act 1996, Malay language is used in Malaysia educational system. A compulsory subject in national school.

LanguageHow the teaching and learning process of Malay language is done in non-Malay group? Teachers have to use varies pedagogy methods in order to achieve the goal of a lesson.Teachers can use students culture and language as teaching materials. Teaches have to get to know students background, culture, strengths and weaknesses, and interest in order to deliver a lesson effectively.

Structure of Society / Social ClassIs an organization of basic social elements in society group, social class, value, norm, and social institution.Different social class has different identity and ways of life. Two ways in analyzing social structure:Social stratification: Caste, education, wealth, and age.Social differences: races, group, types of family, religion.

Structure of Society / Social ClassIt not permanent dynamic. e.g. education level : master to PHD. Social mobility: a changes of social class from one class to another class. Status:The most important element in social stratification.Def.: the position of a person in social structure. Can be gained in three ways:Ascribed status: since born e.g. aristocrat Assigned status: due to good deeds that have been done e.g. KanangAchieved status: based on performance e.g. Dato, Tan Sri

Gender It is a term used to make distinction between male and female sex -biological difference, while gender- social interaction and culture.can be changed over learning process. For instance, female need to stay indoor while the male going out for working.In certain society, priority is given to the son of the family because they ensure the continuity of the generation - Chinese society (inherit their ancestors name). Daughters of the family will belong to their husbands family

Beliefs Generally, it means believing certain things. Normally, someone who believe on certain things have the intuition feeling about that thing. In psychological context, beliefs means the souls condition which related with propositional attitude. Meanwhile in the religion context, it means a part of basic moral building.

Hindu- karma and casteBuddhism- empat kebenaran yang mulia principle and jalan lapan lapisConfucianism- humanityCertain ethnics- animism and worshippingPassed on from generation to generationExposure on other societys beliefs can avoid any misunderstanding

CUSTOM AND RITUALSAccording to Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary, custom is an accepted way of behaving or of doing things in a society or a community.While rituals is a series of actions that are always performed in the same way, especially as part of a religious ceremony.According to John J.Macion in his Sociology 12th ed. book, rituals is formal and ceremonial behaviour.

Malay Custom and Ritual

They are famous with their polite attitude.Custom and rituals are influenced by the environment.Normally, these custom and rituals are inherited frm the older generations.Malay proverb once say Biar mati anak jangan mati adat

Muslim greet each other with the salam (an Islamic form of greeting) which consists of the words Assalamu'alaikum (Peace be upon you). A Muslim acknowledges the greeting with Wa'alaikumsalam (Upon you be peace too). When the Malays offer the salam, they will touch each other's right hand. The touch is a light clasp not amounting to a handshake. This is immediately followed by the movement of the hand towards the heart to signify the greeting is heartfelt.However, opposite sex of Muslim cannot shake hand with each other.

All animals must be slaughtered by a Muslim according to the Islamic rites, called Halal.Pork in any form is not allowed. Amphibious animals such as snakes, frogs, crocodiles and birds of prey are also prohibited food. Intoxicating drinks are not allowed. Prayer time: 1.05 in the afternoon which is called the Zuhur and 4.13 in the evening which is known as the Asar, next at 7.08 in the night known as the Maghribh and lastly 8.17pm which is the Isyak.

Chinese Custom and RitualTheir custom and rituals are very unique.It is influenced by the environment and normally dependent on their fate.Fortune Teller birth, marriage and death.

During Pregnancy and After Giving BirthPurpose: to protect the baby from miscarriage, retarded and death.Taboo:Do not allowed to do the dangerous works.Do not allowed to kill the animal.During pregnancy stage, the responsibility is on mother in law not the husband

In Chinese society, naming the babies also important.In naming, they must have five element:GoldWaterFireEarthWoods

Indian Custom and RitualsMore less same with malay societyIndian have many caste. Such as Malayalam,Tamil and etc

Adat ValaikaappuHappen during first pregnancyTime: 7 month- 9 month of pregnancyThe women have been given a bracelet.Date and Times: Good Day according to Indian CalenderPlace: husbands or parents house.Present given to the women is called CIIRThe present includes jewellery, saree, bracelet, kumkum powder, and etc.

During birthThe time of birth is very important. They record accurately to determine the star of the baby according to Almanak HinduGayathri Mantiram is the spell that cast by the sami before remove the umbilical cord

When the mother and baby going back, they will have their own room.The cleanliness of the room is very important.16th day: giving names to the baby.