autonoma - giulia testori - save the comunas! they have what 'we' are struggling for, but...
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Save the Comunas! They have what 'we' are struggling for, but they are losing it. The Comuna of Santa Clara de San Millan, Quito.
Giulia Testori PhD student at IUAV University of Venice and OSA KULeuven
Curriculum in urbanism [email protected]
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Comuna
a legal and administrati
ve Ecuadorian land entity
Name of the community who lives in
it
Comuneroshave their
organic law, legal, social and
economic structure
constituting a communal
government they have
sovereignty and autonomy
communal land shall be unalienable, immune from
seizure and indivisible(Ecuadorian Constitution, art.57-4)property based
on the right to usufruct
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Assembly in Comuna de Santa Clara de San Millan_ source: Facebook page “Comuna of Santa Clara de San Millan”
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Assembly in Comuna de Santa Clara de San Millan, celebrates one century 2011 _ source: http://prensaquito.ec
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Assembly in Comuna de Santa Clara de San Millan, 20th of August 2015 _ source: by the author
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1. a LCT in Parkdale, Toronto. Source: www.milkywaygarden.ca, 20 May 2016 2. Chinese Tachai 1965 Source: www.doyoucity.com
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Murales in santa clara de San Millan (by the author)
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1_The execution of Athaualpa http://www.kimmacquarrie.com/ 2_Shiri_Inca_Athaualpa https://lh3.ggpht.com 3-4_Indigenous agriculture http://www.imagui.com/
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Santa Clara de San Millan
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Comuna de Santa Clara de San Millan. Personal Elaboration from dwg Secretary of Territory of Quito, 2015
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Archive of the MAGAP (Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Aquaculture and Fisheries of the Ecuadorian Government.) Personal research
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Sign at the entrance of the comuna remembering the 1911 decree. Source: frame from the video “Dia del Comunero” https:// www.youtube.com /watch?v=-mnrRaJKh7c
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What the inhabitants constructed
in Santa Clara
through mingas
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Actual size of Santa Clara
Ancient borders
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Actual size of Santa Clara
Ancient borders
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Actual size of Santa Clara
Ancient borders
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Ecuadorian agricultural landscape 30 June 2015 Source: by the author
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*
The massive superm
arket ‘Santa Maria’ on a land previously com
munal. Source: google street view
2016
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*
1_The massive superm
arket ‘Supermaxi’ on a land previously com
munal. Source: google street view
2016 2_A comm
ent to a newspaper article online by a
comunero declaring he w
ould like to privatize his comm
unal land to finally access to mortgage loans. Source: http://w
ww
.noticiasquito.gob.ec/ 23rd June 2013
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Limits of the Comuna of Santa Clara de San Millan in 2013 Source: Secretaria del Territorio del Ecuador, 2013
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1_ The current Cabildo . Source: Facebook page “Comuna of Santa Clara de San Millan 2_New logo of the Comuna’s Facebook page. Source: ibid. 3_: The launch of the local journal “El Comunero”. Source: ibid.
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Ecological park “La Clarita”
through mingas
Mingas in the park 17
.12.2015. Source: Facebook page “Comuna of S.C. San M
illan”,
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1-2-3_ Views of the Comuna SCSM Source: Secretaria del Territorio del Ecuador, Pablo Ortega, November 2014
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View of Quito from the MAGAP, august 2015 Source: by the author
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Views of the Comuna SCSM from La Gasca neighborhood Source: by the author
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Comuna
autonomy in decision makingthrough
assemblies
Direct and participatory democracy represented
Comunerosdecide on their
territoryFar from top-
down development
Society can be invented from below
Common are safeguarded as shared values
There are other forms of social organization
possible(Stavrides, 2015)
as an urban alternative
Shows that:
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Fiesta de Santa Clara, august 2015 Source: by the author
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Ecuadorian Constitution:Art. 56: of the Constitution it says that the collective rights of the comuneros are recognized and that they can freely uphold, develop and strengthen their identity, feeling of belonging, ancestral traditions and forms of social organization.
Art. 57: inhabitants cannot be displaced from their ancestral lands and that the State shall guarantee the enforcement of these collective rights without any discrimination, in conditions of equality and equity between men and women.
Art. 60: then says that comunas that have collective land ownership are recognized as an ancestral form of territorial organization
COOTAD (Organic Code of Territorial Organization, Autonomy and Decentralization)Art. 307 - 308 comunas are identified as ‘basic participation units’ and all citizens can enjoy popular initiatives to make proposals for regional standards, districtual and at the state level.
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Fiesta de Santa Clara, august 2015 Source: by the author
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Save the Comunas!
They have what 'we' are struggling for, but they are losing it. The Comuna of Santa Clara de San Millan, Quito.
Giulia TestoriPhD student at IUAV University of Venice and OSA KULeuven Curriculum in urbanism [email protected]