Art I Vocabulary

EOA, POD, etc.

Still-Life:

A drawing or painting of inanimate objects

Ex: vases, flowers, instruments

COMPOSITION in fine arts:

The act of organizing the elements and principles of art into a

harmoniously unified whole

John William Waterhouse; The Lady of Shallot

Medium/Media in fine arts:

The material(s) that an artist uses to create an art work.

EX: • When you paint a picture in acrylic paint, the

medium is acrylic.• If your composition is made up of acrylic,

photographs, and hand-made papers, you have created a MIXED-MEDIA composition.

The Elements of Art

Elements of Art

They Include:

• Line

• Shape

• Form

• Color

• Value

• Texture

• Space

The building blocks an

artist works with to create

an artwork.

LineA continuous mark made on a surface with a

pointed tool (writing utensil).

• Examples:

Line Types:

• Descriptive: outlines, contour lines, single lines, hatching, crosshatching

• Implied: A line that is suggested or inferred, rather than completely drawn out.

• Expressive: line personalities (we associate certain feelings with a line’s shape, movement, & direction

OUTLINES: lines that show outer edges of shapes (appears flat)

Descriptive Line

CONTOUR lines define outer edges (outlines) & inner surface

detail of a shape

Descriptive Line

Descriptive Lines

Stippling

Implied Lines

Expressive Lines:

Shape

• Shape: 2-dimensional; Can be drawn on paper, painted on a canvas

• 2 Types of Shapes:

Organic Geometric

Form

• Form:

-3-dimensional

-Encloses volume

-has height, width, and depth

COLOR

• Primary Colors: Red, Yellow, Blue (make every other color on wheel when properly mixed)

• Secondary: Violet, Orange, Green

• Intermediate: the colors between the primary & secondary colors (ex: Yellow-Orange)

Warm Colors:

red, yellow, orange

Cool Colors:

blue, green, violet

Complementary Colors

Colors that are directly across from one another on the color wheel . They go well,

or compliment, one another.

For Example:Red & Green

Orange & Blue

Yellow & Violet

Analagous Colors

• Colors that are side-by-side, or neighbors, on the color wheel.

• They go well together.

Monochromatic

The full value range of one color. In other words, there are different versions of 1 color because of the addition of black & white.

VALUE

• Value is the range from light to dark

• ex: Shading in a drawing

• Value/Shading makes an art work appear to be more 3-dimensional and realistic

Shading Examples:

Benefits of Shading:

TEXTURE

• How a surface feels, or in art, how the surface appears to feel to the touch

• Simulated Texture: texture can be seen/imagined, but not felt

• Actual Texture: the texture you see can be felt

SPACE

• The areas between, around, above, below, or within something

Positive & Negative Space: Negative Empty or void space, space around an object or

form; also called white space.

Positive Space in an artwork that is filled with something, such as lines, designs, color, or shapes.

Linear Perspective: a method of showing depth in art

Positive & Negative Space Examples:

Japanese Notan

1-pt Linear Perspective:

2-pt Linear Perspective:

The Principles of Design

Principles of Design

• Unity• Variety

• Emphasis• Rhythm & Movement

• Balance• Pattern

• Proportion

The way the elements of art are used.

UNITY

• A principle of design related to the wholeness that results from the successful combination of the component elements of

an artwork.

VARIETY

• Including various elements into the artwork to offset unity and add interest

EMPHASIS

• One element creates more attention than anything else in the composition

• This dominant element is usually the focal point and adds unity to the composition

RHYTHM

• Combining elements to produce the appearance of movement in an artwork.

• May be done by repetition, alternation, or progression of an element.

MOVEMENT

• the arrangement of parts in an artwork to create a sense of motion to the viewer’s eye through the work

BALANCE

• The arrangement of visual elements to create stability in an artwork

• 4 balance arrangements: asymmetrical, symmetrical, approximately symmetrical, and radial

Balance Continued…

Asymmetrical Symmetrical

Balance Continued…

Approximately Symmetrical Radial Symmetry

PATTERN

• The repetition of elements or combinations of elements in a recognizable organization

PROPORTION

• The size relationship of parts to one another and to a whole.

ART HISTORY:ARTISTS

• Gustav Klimt• Chuck Close• Wassily Kandinsky• Pablo Picasso, Georges

Braque• Jackson Pollock• Georges Seurat• Salvador Dali• Andy Warhol, Roy

Lichtenstein• Caravaggio

ART MOVEMENTS

• Art Nouveau• Photo-Realism• Abstract/Non-Figurative• Cubism

• Abstract Expressionism• Pointillism• Surrealism• Pop Art

• Baroque

GUSTAV KLIMT

ART NOUVEAU

French for “new art;” This type of art has flowing curves,

swirling lines & a delicate feel. Figures are elongated &

distorted, and plant forms serve as inspiration. There are

brilliantly colored areas of pattern as well.

The Kiss, 1908

Chuck Close

PHOTO-REALISM

•Realist paintings and sculptures involving thorough reproduction of detail. In painting the results were nearly photographic — in fact made from photographs (although painters had been working from photographs since the early days of photography).

•Although its center was in the United States, the Photo-Realism movement was also strong in Europe from the late 1960s into the 1970s, where his type of illusionism is known principally as superrealism.

American Photo-Realistic painter,

photographer

Born July 5, 1940 in Monroe,

Washington

BA, University of Washington in

Seattle; MFA Yale University

Known for large scale portraits

Spinal artery collapse in 1988 left

him paralyzed, but he has continued

to work

WASSILY KANDINSKY

ABSTRACT/ NON-FIGURATIVE

Art that does not represent or imitate external reality or

the objects of nature

Consists of lines, shapes, colors

abstract artist

Born Dec. 16th, 1866 in Moscow, Russia

Practiced law prior to becoming a painter

Wrote art & geometry books

Known for use of brilliant colors & geometric shapes

Had Synaesthesia (a neural condition where 2 senses cross over/combine)

PABLO PICASSO

CUBISM•Analytical: The first phase of Cubism (1907 to 1912)•reduced natural forms to their basic geometric parts and then tried to reconcile these essentially three-dimensional parts with the two-dimensional picture plane. Multiple perspectives of an item shown.•Color subdued--paintings nearly monochromatic. •Leading cubists: Pablo Picasso (Spanish, 1881-1973) and Georges Braque (French, 1882-1963)

•Synthetic: grew out of Analytical Cubism and the experimental nature of Collage

•developed through a construction process rather than the analytical process and deconstruction of Analytical Cubism

•more decorative and appealing and somewhat easier to interpret.

JACKSON POLLOCK

ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM

•Rapidly painted on huge canvases•Shows feelings and emotions•Free-flowing; non-geometrical•Painted with large brushes or drip & splatter method•Art appears to be by accident or chance—more about process than overall outcome•The expressive method of painting was often considered as important as the painting itself.

GEORGES SEURATPOINTILLISM

the theory or practice in art of applying small strokes or dots of color to a surface so that from a distance they blend together

SALVADOR DALI

SURREALISM

a 20th-century art form in which an artist or writer

combines unrelated images or events in a very strange and dreamlike way

ANDY WARHOL

POP ART

Art style from the 1950’s in which imagery from everyday life is used as the subject matter

CARAVAGGIO

BAROQUE ART

•prominently 17th century

•Art appeals to the senses in dramatic ways

•Main qualities: grandeur, sensuous richness, drama, vitality, movement, tension, emotional exuberance, and a tendency to blur distinctions between the various arts.

Art Media & Techniques

• Pencil• Colored pencils• Chalk pastels• Charcoal• Oil pastels• Pen & ink• Marker• Watercolor• Acrylic• tempera

• Screen printing• Mixed media • Collage• Grid method• Linear perspective

drawing using VP’s, horizon, and orthogonal lines