elements of art · elements of art art i vocabulary . color: element of art derived from reflected...
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Elements of Art
Art I Vocabulary
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Color: Element of art derived
from reflected light
Without light there is no color!
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3 Main Properties of Color: 1) Hue
2) Value 3) Intensity
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Hue: The name of the
color in the color spectrum
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Value: Describes the
lightness or darkness of an object
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Tint: A light value of a hue
made by mixing it with WHITE
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Shade: A dark value of a hue
made by mixing it with BLACK
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Tone: A medium value of a hue made by
mixing it with GRAY (black + white)
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Intensity: The brightness or dullness of a hue
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Color Wheel: The visible spectrum
of color bent into a circle.
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Primary: The 3 basic colors
from which all other colors are made
Yellow, Blue, Red
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Secondary: Colors made by mixing
two Primary colors
Green, Violet, Orange
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Tertiary:
Hues made by mixing a primary color with its
secondary color
These are also known as Intermediate colors.
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*Note* The PRIMARY color name is always put first when naming tertiary colors.
(Ex. Red-Orange,
Blue-Violet, Yellow-Green)
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The tertiary colors are: Red-Orange, Red-Violet,
Blue-Green, Blue-Violet,
Yellow-Orange, and Yellow-Green.
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Neutrals: Black, White, Gray, Brown,
and Metallics
Neutrals can be used in any color harmony
without changing the color harmony.
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Color Harmonies: Plans for organizing
colors
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Monochromatic: ONE color plus its tints and shades
(Has a unifying effect)
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Analogous:
Colors that are side-by-side
on the color wheel.
They have a shared hue.
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Complementary: Colors that are
opposite each other on the color wheel
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Shape: Objects having two
dimensions (height and width)
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Geometric: Precise shapes that can
be described using mathematical formulas
(circle, square,
triangle, rectangle)
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Freeform: Irregular and uneven
shapes whose outlines are curved,
angular, or both
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Organic: A shape which looks
like something from nature
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Template: a stencil, pattern, or overlay used to reproduce letters, shapes or designs
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Form: Objects having
three dimensions
(height, width, and depth)
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Relief: A type of sculpture
in which forms project from a flat
background.
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Bas relief projects only slightly from the background.
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High relief projects at least halfway out
from the background.
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In the round: A type of sculpture in which the forms stand completely
free of a background
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Like shapes, forms can also be
geometric, freeform, or organic.
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Line: The path of a moving point through space
(Lines are typically long, narrow marks or strokes made on or in a surface.)
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Lines can be described by their:
Length, Width, Texture, Degree of Curve,
Direction (Vertical, Horizontal, Diagonal,
Curved, Zigzag)
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Texture:
The element that refers to how things feel or how they appear to feel, if touched.
(Texture is perceived by touch and sight.)
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Real: How things feel
(also known as Tactile Texture)
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Implied: How things appear
to feel if they were touched
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Space: The emptiness or area
between, around, above, below, or
within objects
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Positive space: Shapes or forms in
two- and three- dimensional art
Also known as FIGURE.
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Negative space: Empty spaces surrounding
shapes and forms.
Also known as GROUND.
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What is Figure and what is Ground?
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Foreground: Part of the picture plane that appears closest to
the viewer.
(Usually at the bottom of the picture plane)
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Background: Part of the picture plane
that seems to be the farthest from the viewer.
It is usually located in the upper part of the picture
plane.
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Middle ground:
Area in a picture plane between the foreground
and the background.
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Linear perspective:
A graphic system that creates the illusion of depth and volume on
a flat surface.
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Vanishing point:
Point on the horizon where receding parallel lines (orthogonal lines)
seem to meet.
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Horizon:
The point at which the earth and sky
seem to meet.
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Point of View:
The angle from which the viewer sees an
object.
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Media: Materials used to
make art
(medium is singular, media is plural).
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Pen & Ink techniques that can be used for shading:
Stippling, Hatching, Cross-Hatching,
Scumbling, Contour, Cross-contour, Weaving,
etc.
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