what is compiler_ - definition from whatis
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Part of the Programmingglossary:
A compiler is a special program that processes statements written in a particular programming language and turns them
into machine language or "code" that a computer'sprocessoruses. Typically, a programmer writes language statements
in a language such as Pascalor Cone line at a time using an editor. The file that is created contains what are called the
source statements. The programmer then runs the appropriate language compiler, specifying the name of the file that
contains the source statements.
When executing (running), the compiler first parses (or analyzes) all of the language statements syntactically one after the
other and then, in one or more successive stages or "passes", builds the output code, making sure that statements that
refer to other statements are referred to correctly in the final code. Traditionally, the output of the compilation has beencalled object codeor sometimes an object module. (Note that the term "object" here is not related to object-oriented
programming.) The object code is machine codethat the processor can process or "execute" one instruction at a time.
More recently, the Javaprogramming language, a language used in object-oriented programming, has introduced the
possibility of compiling output (calledbytecode) that can run on any computer system platform for which a Java virtual
machineor bytecode interpreter is provided to convert the bytecode into instructions that can be executed by the actual
hardware processor. Using this virtual machine, the bytecode can optionally be recompiled at the execution platform by
ajust-in-time compiler.
Traditionally in some operating systems, an additional step was required after compilation - that of resolving the relative
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location of instructions and data when more than one object module was to be run at the same time and they cross-
referred to each other's instruction sequences or data. This process was sometimes called linkage editingand the
output known as a load module.
A compiler works with what are sometimes called 3GLand higher-level languages. An assemblerworks on programs
written using a processor's assembler language.
This was last updated in June 2010
Posted by:Margaret Rouse
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