surveying lecture 1

CE-201 : Principles of Remote

Sensing

Subashisa Dutta

Department of Civil Engineering

IIT Guwahati 1

2

• Links (on the course webpage)...

– CEOS Remote Sensing notes

– CEOS disaster page

– NASA Remote Sensing Tutorial - Remote

Sensing and Image Interpretation Analysis

– ASPRS remote sensing core curriculum

– Manchester Information Datasets and

Associated Services (MIDAS)

– Remote Sensing Glossary (CCRS)

(comprehensive links)

Reading and browsing

3

Reading and browsingCampbell, J. B. (1996) Introduction to Remote Sensing (2nd Ed), London:Taylor and

Francis.

R. Harris, 1987. "Satellite Remote Sensing, An Introduction", Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Jensen, J. R. (2000) Remote Sensing of the Environment: An Earth Resource

Perspective, 2000, Prentice Hall, New Jersey. (Excellent on RS but no image

processing).

Jensen, J. R. (2005, 3rd ed.) Introductory Digital Image Processing, Prentice Hall, New

Jersey. (Companion to above) BUT mostly available online at

http://www.cla.sc.edu/geog/rslab/751/index.html

Lillesand, T. M., Kiefer, R. W. and Chipman, J. W. (2004, 5th ed.) Remote Sensing and

Image Interpretation, John Wiley, New York..

W.G. Rees, 1996. "Physical Principles of Remote Sensing", Cambridge Univ. Press

George Joseph, Fundamentals of Remote Sensing, Universities Press,

India

4

• Web

• Tutorials

• http://rst.gsfc.nasa.gov/

• http://earth.esa.int/applications/data_util/SARDOCS/spaceborne/Radar_Courses/

• http://www.crisp.nus.edu.sg/~research/tutorial/image.htm

• http://www.ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/resource/tutor/fundam/index_e.php

• http://octopus.gma.org/surfing/satellites/index.html

• Other resources

• NASA www.nasa.gov

• NASAs Visible Earth (source of data): http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/

• European Space Agency earth.esa.int

• NOAA www.noaa.gov

• Remote sensing and Photogrammetry Society UK www.rspsoc.org

• IKONOS: http://www.spaceimaging.com/

• NRSA: www.nrsa.gov.in

• QuickBird: http://www.digitalglobe.com/

Reading and browsing

5

6

7

8

Major Space Programs

• Geostationary (Met satellites)

– Meteosat (Europe)

– GOES (US)

– GMS (Japan)

– INSAT (India)

• Polar Orbiting

– SPOT (France)

– NOAA (US)

– ERS-1 & 2, Envisat (Europe)

– ADEOS, JERS (Japan)

– Radarsat (Canada)

– EOS/NPOESS, Landat, NOAA (US)A

– IRS (India)

INDIAN IMAGING CAPABILITY

9

Changes in Idukki district (Kerala)

Landsat 4 MSS (29th Jan 1983) IRS-1D LISS III (28th Feb 2002)

IDUKKI RESERVOIR

IDUKKI RESERVOIR

5 0 5 Km

(1: 250, 000)

SCALE

(Approx)

N

10

11

12

13

Example Applications

• visible / NIR / MIR - day only, no cloud cover

– vegetation amount/dynamics

– geological mapping (structure, mineral /

petroleum exploration)

– urban and land use (agric., forestry etc.)

– Ocean temperature, phytoplankton blooms

– meteorology (clouds, atmospheric scattering)

– Ice sheet dynamics

14

Remote Sensing Examples

•Global maps of vegetation from MODIS instrument

•modis.gasfc.nasa.gov

15

Remote Sensing Examples

•Global maps of sea surface temperature and land

surface reflectance from MODIS instrument

16

• Thermal infrared - day / night, rate of heating / cooling

– heat loss (urban)

– thermal plumes (pollution)

– mapping temperature

– geology

– forest fires

– meteorology (cloud temp, height)

Example Applications

17

• Active microwave - little affected by atmospheric

conditions, day / night

– surface roughness (erosion)

– water content (hydrology) - top few cms

– vegetation - structure (leaf, branch, trunk properties)

– Digital Elevation Models, deformation, volcanoes,

earthquakes etc. (SAR interferometry)

Example Applications

18

Example ApplicationsFly-through of Mt

Hokaido

generated from

SRTM (Shuttle

RADAR

Topographic

Mapping data)

18

NASA MISR (Multi-angle Imaging Spectro-Radiometer)

Hawaiian Islands

19

IKONOS: Bora Bora

20

Digital Globe World View 1 - 2007

• High-capacity, panchromatic imaging

system

• 1/2-meter panchromatic resolution

• Average revisit time of 1.7 days

• Capable of collecting up to 750,000

square kilometers (290,000 square miles)

per day of half-meter imagery

21

22© Digital globe 12/1/10 0.5m resolution

22

23© Digital globe 12/1/10 0.5m resolution

23

24© Digital globe 12/1/10 0.5m resolution

24

• Active form of remote sensing

• Sends a beam of light (usually via laser)

– Tremendous control over which wavelength and

size of band to send

– And width is between 0.600 - 0.800 µm

– Much higher resolution than microwave radar (can

measure moisture and particles' in the

atmosphere)

• Finer resolution

– Large amounts of data

– Smaller coverage area

LIDAR - LIght Detection And Ranging

25

LIDAR Applications

• Highly detailed elevation capture

• Atmospheric pollution measurement

– biological and chemical agents

• Construction imaging and mapping

• Vehicle speed measurement

26

3-D Radar images

27

28

29

30