buildings and districts as renewable energy...

Institut für Gebäude- und Solartechnik

Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch

Mühlenpfordtstraße 23

D-38106 Braunschweig

www.igs.bau.tu-bs.de

Toronto 29. May 2015

Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch

IGS TU Braunschweig I CEO EGSplan Stuttgart

Buildings and Districts as Renewable Energy Source

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 2 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

renewable

energy applications

integral

energy concepts

building

physics

Technology and Innovation Network MNFUNIV.-PROF. DR.-ING. M. NORBERT FISCH

Stuttgart · Braunschweig · Aachen · Shanghai · Bangkok

Steinbeis-TZ

Stuttgart

EGS-plan

Stuttgart

Energydesign

Braunschweig

Institut für Gebäude-

und Solartechnik IGS

TU Braunschweig

renewable

energy applications

integral

energy concepts

building

physics

building

services

Partner in Research

+ Science

科研伙伴

renewable

energy applications

integral

energy concepts

building

physics

renewable

energy applications

integral

energy concepts

building

services

building

physics

renewable

energy applications

integral

energy concepts

Who are we?

Synavision

RWTH Aachen

TU Braunschweig

EGSplan Int.

Bangkok

可再生能源利用 整合的能源理念 建筑物理 建筑配套

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 3 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

National Energy Plan 2010Long-term strategy for energy supply

• environmental friendly• reliable• affordable

Cultural change

German National Energy Plan

Change in energy policy

(2011)

Clear Objectives (2020 – 2050)

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 4 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

electricityconsump.– 25 %

chan

ge[%

]

100

80

60

40

20

01990 2020 2030 2040 2050

RE + 60 %

primary energyconsump.– 50 %

2050Long term objectives

German National Energy Plan

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 5 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

Primary energy consumptionshare of renewable energies in Germany

2013

renewable

12 %

88,5 %

non-renewable

2050

renewable

60 %

non-renewable

40 %

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 6 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

CO2- Emission „equivalent“

RenewableEnergy

20%of primary energy

consumption

Objectives 2020

23 %

40%by total

12 %

status 2013

German National Energy Plan

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 7 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

power plant capacities in Germany … today … future

2013201320132013

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 8 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

Hyper-decouplingof GDP and PE-consumption

+ 26 %

- 20 %

gross domestic product(GDP)

primary energy consumption(PE)

Cha

nge

[%]

year

Decoupling Hyper-decoupling

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 9 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

40% of total energy in existing buildings

Transport and buildings in Germany

18 Mio. Residental Buildings

1,5 Mio. Non-Residental Buildings

Transport and buildings need 70 %of total energy demand in Germany

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 10 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

German National Roadmap

„ Energy efficiency in Germany“

German National Roadmap

2020 new buildings are nearly zero-energy buildingsGoals: 2020 one million e-Cars

2030 six million e-Cars

2020N

umbe

rof

e-ca

rs1 Mio.

6 Mio.

20302014

0,024 Mio.

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 11 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

... Smart Grid – Active Buildings

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 12 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

e-mobility

industry

non-residential builidngs

residential buildings

district

Smart Homes

Smart

Buildings

E--Mobility

CO2- neutralacademy

Green CityTower

decentralisation of energy supply

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 13 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

… towards smart grids

• development decentralized power plants >> down–top

� middle size GUD, CHP und Mini CHP� BIPV (building integrated PV) - with high direct electricity use …

• demand-site management (industry, large consumer, ..)

• „storage battery“ (e- mobility, ……)

• power to gas and power to heat

• „Buildings as power plant“

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 14 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

on the way to smart buildings …

ACTIVEHOUSE is the future

passivehousewas yesterday

From energy consuming to energy generating

buildingsE +

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 15 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

passive active

From mainly thermal insulation…

from passive to active

...to optimization of efficiency and renewable energy

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 16 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

“Optimization through the reduction of energy demand and the efficient use of

renewable energy

AktivPlus B uilding…

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 17 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

Inve

stm

ent /

Ene

rgy

[€/k

Wh/

a]3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0

Demand Reduction and Energy Generation...

Demand ReductionHeating Demand

Energy GenerationRenewable Energy

Building Envelopeimprovement

Solar Thermal Heat

PV- Electricity

PV + HP(Heat)

Cost / Benefit Ratio

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 18 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

AktivPLUS – Building

Power Plant Filling Station+

AktivPlus B uilding…

„Electric House“ with Heat- und Electricity Storage

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 19 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

... pilot projects in Germany

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 20 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

Leonberg

Frankfurt

Berghalde

Aktivhaus+, Ffm-Riedberg

Aktiv-Cityhouse, Frankfurt

Konstanzsettlement Schmidtenbühl

AktivePlus Buildings pilot projects in Germany

Kassel

SMA Academy, Kassel

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 21 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

First ActivPlus- Building in Germany (2010)single - family house Leonberg, Berghalde

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 22 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

AktivePLUS-Building - SFH Berghalde, Leonberg

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 23 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

lightning battery-storage

heatpump

photovoltaics

householdappliances

Smart Meter

BuildingManagement System (BMS)

e-mobil

LED

Smart Grid

ActivPlus building pilot project (2010) example single - family house Leonberg, Berghalde

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 24 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

single - family house Leonberg, Berghalde

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 25 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

single - family house Leonberg, Berghalde

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 26 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

excellent building envelope

openable windowsmech. ventilation with heat recovery

PV + heat pump

low temp. radiationfloor heating

or ceiling cooling

concept forenergy storage

demand site management(DSM)

EnergyPLUS – Design

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 27 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

Next stepcoupling the house with electric mobility

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 28 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

PV investment – energy cost….. Germany

1.000 kWh/(m2a)

10 ct/kWh el

ca. 1.000 kWh/kWP

11 – 13 ct/kWh el.

Single family home (10 kWp)Investment 16.500 €Pay back time 7 yearsLifetime > 25 years

Interest rate 2%, 20 years

power grid

28 ct/kWh el.

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 29 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

single - family house Leonberg, Berghalde

Ene

rgyP

lus

PV

-dire

ctse

lfus

eel

ectr

icity

supp

lygr

id

PV- total

total consumption

ener

gy q

uant

ity[k

Wh]

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 30 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

multi-familiy house20 flats

living area1.560 m2

PV- powerca. 97 kWp

yearly gain82.000 kWh/a

energy payback time8-9 years

roof 82 kW p

facade 15 kW p

„Riedberg“, Nassauische Heimstätte, Frankfurt

HHS Architekten, KasselEGSplan, Stuttgart

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 31 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

„Riedberg“, Nassauische Heimstätte, Frankfurt

PV 15 kWpfacade

Battery (LiFePo)65 kWh

grid

PV 82 kWproof

thermal collector350 m²

mech. ventilation withheat recovery

heat pump40 kWel ice storage

100 | 120 m³

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 32 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

Aktive house+ / EnergyPLUSFrankfurt Riedberg – Structure of Ice Storage

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 33 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

approx. 35 kWh/(m2a)

AktivPLUS- BuildingFrankfurt Riedberg – Energy Balance

Electricity Demand and Generation A

nnua

l Ele

ctric

ity A

mou

nt [k

Wh/

a]

Heating + DHW< 40%

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 34 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

active-cityhouse, Frankfurtarchitecture

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 35 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

February 2014August 2013

June 2014May 2014

active-cityhouse, Frankfurtbuilding progress

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 36 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

heat pump

PV

gridsewage

PV- power330 kWp

yearly gain300.000 kWh/a

Energypayback time 7–8 years

appartment house64 flatsliving area6.500 m2

active-cityhouse, Frankfurtenergy concept

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 37 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

battery

inverter

energymanagement

houshold

lighting

appliance

building management

dometic hot water

floot heating

buffer

Heat pump

sewage water

grid

air

decentral ventilation with HR

e-mobility

photovoltaic

250 kWh

250 kW

80 kW

120 kWth

active-cityhouse, Frankfurtenergy concept

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 38 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

active-cityhouse, Frankfurtenergy demand and production

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 39 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

Management Mobility (end user)

� booking� accounting� Information battery charging level

driving performance

active-cityhouse, Frankfurtuser interface

€

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 40 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 41 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

SMA Solar Academy, Kassel

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 42 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

SMA Solar Academy, Kassel

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 43 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

SMA Solar Academy, Kassel

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 44 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

Smart Buildingsin Smart Grids

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 45 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

EnergyPlus Cities…

singlefamily house

city

multifamily house

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 46 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

„Neue WeststadtEsslingen“ masterplan

Entwurf / Überarbeitung von Büro Lehen drei und Büro frei raum concept

„Neue Weststadt Esslingen“masterplan

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 47 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

H2

biogas

„Neue Weststadt Esslingen“energy concept

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 48 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

Büro Graf+Graf, Montabaur

„Neue Weststadt Esslingen“ architecture

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 49 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

Büro Graf+Graf, Montabaur

„Neue Weststadt Esslingen“ architecture

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 50 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

What do we have to do?

climate neutral cities and urban districtsholistic sustainable renovation of urban settlements

Integrated approach buildings and mobility

EFH MFH

Optimizationof building operation

Building as power plant Net Zero / Surplus energy

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 51 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

Visions

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 52 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

Internet of Things

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 53 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

Smart HomeLoading interface

weather forecast

off-peak electricity

stationary battery

electricity tariffs

range

user requirements

pv-production

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 54 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

What do we have to do?

Energy efficient buildings and urban mobility

• use of renewable energies• export initiative• international consultancy

ENGINEERING MADEIN GERMANY

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 55 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

EnergyPLUS – design construction operation

2012

2013

2014

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 56 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

We believe in solar energy …

… and our visions !!!