buildings and districts as renewable energy...

Institut für Gebäude- und Solartechnik

Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch

Mühlenpfordtstraße 23

D-38106 Braunschweig

www.igs.bau.tu-bs.de

Toronto 29. May 2015

Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch

IGS TU Braunschweig I CEO EGSplan Stuttgart

Buildings and Districts as Renewable Energy Source

4. Februar 2015 | Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch | BMW Leipzig | page 2 www.tu-braunschweig.de/igs

renewable

energy applications

integral

energy concepts

building

physics

Technology and Innovation Network MNFUNIV.-PROF. DR.-ING. M. NORBERT FISCH

Stuttgart · Braunschweig · Aachen · Shanghai · Bangkok

Steinbeis-TZ

Stuttgart

EGS-plan

Stuttgart

Energydesign

Braunschweig

Institut für Gebäude-

und Solartechnik IGS

TU Braunschweig

renewable

energy applications

integral

energy concepts

building

physics

building

services

Partner in Research

+ Science

科研伙伴

renewable

energy applications

integral

energy concepts

building

physics

renewable

energy applications

integral

energy concepts

building

services

building

physics

renewable

energy applications

integral

energy concepts

Who are we?

Synavision

RWTH Aachen

TU Braunschweig

EGSplan Int.

Bangkok

可再生能源利用整合的能源理念建筑物理建筑配套


National Energy Plan 2010Long-term strategy for energy supply

• environmental friendly• reliable• affordable

Cultural change

German National Energy Plan

Change in energy policy

(2011)

Clear Objectives (2020 – 2050)


electricityconsump.– 25 %

chan

ge[%

]

100

80

60

40

20

01990 2020 2030 2040 2050

RE + 60 %

primary energyconsump.– 50 %

2050Long term objectives



Primary energy consumptionshare of renewable energies in Germany

2013

renewable

12 %

88,5 %

non-renewable

2050

renewable

60 %

non-renewable

40 %


CO2- Emission „equivalent“

RenewableEnergy

20%of primary energy

consumption

Objectives 2020

23 %

40%by total

12 %

status 2013



power plant capacities in Germany … today … future

2013201320132013


Hyper-decouplingof GDP and PE-consumption

+ 26 %

- 20 %

gross domestic product(GDP)

primary energy consumption(PE)

Cha

nge

[%]

year

Decoupling Hyper-decoupling


40% of total energy in existing buildings

Transport and buildings in Germany

18 Mio. Residental Buildings

1,5 Mio. Non-Residental Buildings

Transport and buildings need 70 %of total energy demand in Germany


German National Roadmap

„ Energy efficiency in Germany“

German National Roadmap

2020 new buildings are nearly zero-energy buildingsGoals: 2020 one million e-Cars

2030 six million e-Cars

2020N

umbe

rof

e-ca

rs1 Mio.

6 Mio.

20302014

0,024 Mio.


... Smart Grid – Active Buildings


e-mobility

industry

non-residential builidngs

residential buildings

district

Smart Homes

Smart

Buildings

E--Mobility

CO2- neutralacademy

Green CityTower

decentralisation of energy supply


… towards smart grids

• development decentralized power plants >> down–top

� middle size GUD, CHP und Mini CHP� BIPV (building integrated PV) - with high direct electricity use …

• demand-site management (industry, large consumer, ..)

• „storage battery“ (e- mobility, ……)

• power to gas and power to heat

• „Buildings as power plant“


on the way to smart buildings …

ACTIVEHOUSE is the future

passivehousewas yesterday

From energy consuming to energy generating

buildingsE +


passive active

From mainly thermal insulation…

from passive to active

...to optimization of efficiency and renewable energy


“Optimization through the reduction of energy demand and the efficient use of

renewable energy

AktivPlus B uilding…


Inve

stm

ent /

Ene

rgy

[€/k

Wh/

a]3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0

Demand Reduction and Energy Generation...

Demand ReductionHeating Demand

Energy GenerationRenewable Energy

Building Envelopeimprovement

Solar Thermal Heat

PV- Electricity

PV + HP(Heat)

Cost / Benefit Ratio


AktivPLUS – Building

Power Plant Filling Station+

AktivPlus B uilding…

„Electric House“ with Heat- und Electricity Storage


... pilot projects in Germany


Leonberg

Frankfurt

Berghalde

Aktivhaus+, Ffm-Riedberg

Aktiv-Cityhouse, Frankfurt

Konstanzsettlement Schmidtenbühl

AktivePlus Buildings pilot projects in Germany

Kassel

SMA Academy, Kassel


First ActivPlus- Building in Germany (2010)single - family house Leonberg, Berghalde


AktivePLUS-Building - SFH Berghalde, Leonberg


lightning battery-storage

heatpump

photovoltaics

householdappliances

Smart Meter

BuildingManagement System (BMS)

e-mobil

LED

Smart Grid

ActivPlus building pilot project (2010) example single - family house Leonberg, Berghalde


single - family house Leonberg, Berghalde


excellent building envelope

openable windowsmech. ventilation with heat recovery

PV + heat pump

low temp. radiationfloor heating

or ceiling cooling

concept forenergy storage

demand site management(DSM)

EnergyPLUS – Design


Next stepcoupling the house with electric mobility


PV investment – energy cost….. Germany

1.000 kWh/(m2a)

10 ct/kWh el

ca. 1.000 kWh/kWP

11 – 13 ct/kWh el.

Single family home (10 kWp)Investment 16.500 €Pay back time 7 yearsLifetime > 25 years

Interest rate 2%, 20 years

power grid

28 ct/kWh el.



Ene

rgyP

lus

PV

-dire

ctse

lfus

eel

ectr

icity

supp

lygr

id

PV- total

total consumption

ener

gy q

uant

ity[k

Wh]


multi-familiy house20 flats

living area1.560 m2

PV- powerca. 97 kWp

yearly gain82.000 kWh/a

energy payback time8-9 years

roof 82 kW p

facade 15 kW p

„Riedberg“, Nassauische Heimstätte, Frankfurt

HHS Architekten, KasselEGSplan, Stuttgart


„Riedberg“, Nassauische Heimstätte, Frankfurt

PV 15 kWpfacade

Battery (LiFePo)65 kWh

grid

PV 82 kWproof

thermal collector350 m²

mech. ventilation withheat recovery

heat pump40 kWel ice storage

100 | 120 m³


Aktive house+ / EnergyPLUSFrankfurt Riedberg – Structure of Ice Storage


approx. 35 kWh/(m2a)

AktivPLUS- BuildingFrankfurt Riedberg – Energy Balance

Electricity Demand and Generation A

nnua

l Ele

ctric

ity A

mou

nt [k

Wh/

a]

Heating + DHW< 40%


active-cityhouse, Frankfurtarchitecture


February 2014August 2013

June 2014May 2014

active-cityhouse, Frankfurtbuilding progress


heat pump

PV

gridsewage

PV- power330 kWp

yearly gain300.000 kWh/a

Energypayback time 7–8 years

appartment house64 flatsliving area6.500 m2

active-cityhouse, Frankfurtenergy concept


battery

inverter

energymanagement

houshold

lighting

appliance

building management

dometic hot water

floot heating

buffer

Heat pump

sewage water

grid

air

decentral ventilation with HR

e-mobility

photovoltaic

250 kWh

250 kW

80 kW

120 kWth

active-cityhouse, Frankfurtenergy concept


active-cityhouse, Frankfurtenergy demand and production


Management Mobility (end user)

� booking� accounting� Information battery charging level

driving performance

active-cityhouse, Frankfurtuser interface

€


SMA Solar Academy, Kassel


Smart Buildingsin Smart Grids


EnergyPlus Cities…

singlefamily house

city

multifamily house


„Neue WeststadtEsslingen“ masterplan

Entwurf / Überarbeitung von Büro Lehen drei und Büro frei raum concept

„Neue Weststadt Esslingen“masterplan


H2

biogas

„Neue Weststadt Esslingen“energy concept


Büro Graf+Graf, Montabaur

„Neue Weststadt Esslingen“ architecture


What do we have to do?

climate neutral cities and urban districtsholistic sustainable renovation of urban settlements

Integrated approach buildings and mobility

EFH MFH

Optimizationof building operation

Building as power plant Net Zero / Surplus energy


Visions


Internet of Things


Smart HomeLoading interface

weather forecast

off-peak electricity

stationary battery

electricity tariffs

range

user requirements

pv-production


What do we have to do?

Energy efficient buildings and urban mobility

• use of renewable energies• export initiative• international consultancy

ENGINEERING MADEIN GERMANY


EnergyPLUS – design construction operation

2012

2013

2014


We believe in solar energy …

… and our visions !!!

buildings and districts as renewable energy...

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