internetix video kills

Video Killed the Killer App!Greg de Chasteauneufgreg@is.co.za

VOD IPT Models

IPTV Centralized

Pros• Simpler Administration• Equipment and Colo Economies of Scale (Cost)• Relatively cheaper deployment cost• Simpler Network Expansion• Rapid time to deploy

Cons• Poorer Quality• Each client requires new feed• Astronomical ISP (Bandwidth) Cost• Not scalable to Global market, global reach

E.g. Apple TV, iTunes

VOD IPT Models

IPTV Distributed

Pros• Cheaper ISP (Bandwidth Cost)• Better Quality of Audio / Video• Scalable model for Global / National expansion

Cons• More complex administration• More expensive than Centralised or P2P

Caches should be as close to customer as possible!– DSLAM– Wireless (At Base Station / High site)

More Suited to quality sensitive video (Live IPTV)

E.g. AT&T U-verse

VOD IPT Models

IPTV P2P

Pros• Simpler Administration• Equipment and Colo Economies of Scale (Cost)• Relatively cheaper deployment cost• Simpler Network Expansion• Rapid time to deploy• Utilising community as “Caches”• Low ISP / Bandwidth Costs.

Cons• Less control over quality than distributed• Less acceptable by service providers, P2P seen as “Disruptive Technology”

More Suited to Video on Demand (Not as sensitive to jitter etc)

E.g. Joost.com, Zattoo.com, Blinx.com, Babelgum.com

What is Joost?

• Pronounced ‘jew-st’ not ‘yohst’• Community Video on Demand• System for distribution of video over the Web using P2P• Began development in 2006 (Code name The Venice Project)• 150 Developers in 6 Cities around the world!• Currently in negotiations with FOX• Signed with Warner (Music)• Signed with Endemol• Signed with Viacom (Feb 2007)• Signed with Paramount pictures

Joost Intro Video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3IcwG0jUFxU

Who is behind Joost?

Niklas Zennström

Janus Friis

Who financed Joost?

• Friis and Zennström sold Skype to eBay for $2.6 billion• Raised $45 million - Sequoia Capital• Index Ventures (Early Skype Investor)• Li Ka-shing (Hong Kong tycoon)• CBS (US Media Group)• Viacom (Rumored to have a stake in Joost.com)

Joost Platform

• P2PTV technology– Expected to deliver ‘near-TV’ resolution images

• Full Screen• Downloadable Software Client (By Invitation Only)

– Windows 10.5M– OSX (Intel Only) 17M

• News Updates, IM, Search, Ratings all integrated into TV client• Software is based on XULRunner• Audio management uses ZAP Media Kit• P2P layer - Joltid (Also used by Skype)• Video Codec

– H.264 / MPEG-4 AVC as Implemented by CoreCodec’s CoreAVC

Joost.com

P2PTV overlay network serving three video streams.

Joost Requirements

Mac OSX System Requirement– Any Intel-based Mac– OSX 10.4– 512Mb RAM (minimum)– 500Mb Free Disk Space (Mainly Cache)

• Windows System Requirements– Windows XP Service Pack 2 with DirectX 9.0c– P4 Processor (1Ghz minimum)– 512Mb RAM (minimum)– “A modern video card with DirectX support and at least 32Mb of VRAM”– 500Mb Free Disk Space (Mainly Cache)

• "C:\Documents and Settings\YourName\Local Definitions\Application Data"

Bandwidth Req.

Bandwidth Requirements• Broadband / ADSL (1Mbit/s down, 512Kbit/s up)

– Tested on 512Kbit/s ADSL (Failed)– Tested on 1024Kbit/s ADSL (Ok)– Tested on IS WiMAX 6Mbit/s (Perfect)

• 1 hour of viewing 320MB will be downloaded and 105MB uploaded

– 1 Gig Cap = 2 hours of viewing time– 3 Gig Cap = 7 hours of viewing time– Really only makes sense in an uncapped environment

Bandwidth Cost

Bandwidth Costs (South Africa)• Based on 3Gig cap and 4Mbit/s ADSL Telkom Line• 1 hour of viewing 320MB will be downloaded and 105MB uploaded

– 1 hour of viewing time (0.5Gig) = R108– 2 hours of viewing time (1Gig) = R216– 7 hours of viewing time (3Gig) = R650

EUL Agreement

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Inside Joost

Authentication / Login / Channel List / Search / Plug-in / Overlays etc- HTTPS (TCP 443)- Packet size ~150bytes (on wire)

Video / Audio- IANA Assigned Port 4166 UDP (All Initial Content Requests go to Joost.com)- P2P various parts of video from various sources- Other Nodes use Random UDP Ports (Random source, Random destination)- Packet size ~1100bytes (on wire)- Payload size ~1050bytes- Periodic “Keep Alive” via UDP to source supplier (~140bytes)

Jabber Client-Port 5223 TCP

http://www.iana.org/assignments/port-numbersjoost 4166/tcp Joost Peer to Peer Protocoljoost 4166/udp Joost Peer to Peer Protocol#Colm MacCarthaigh <colm.maccarthaigh&joost.com> April 2007

Inside Joost

• Client 1st contacts super-node, which handles control traffic only, and direct clients to peers. Peers are renegotiated frequently

• Each video stream comes from multiple peers, with FEC to handle live peer loss

• FEC for stream loss (Reed-Solomon error correction)

• Each stream comes from at least 6 different sources (3 Video and 3 Audio)

• Audio and Video are separately streamed (I.e. you can receive Audio from one Source and Video from another) - Great for serving Audio in different languages

Inside Joost

• No Hardware or DNS load-balancing

• All done natively in the p2p code, load-balancing and fault-tolerance is shifted directly to the client

• p2p code is prefix aware, will prefer peers in same /24, /16 etc

• Joost are adding AS-level awareness in future releases

• Joost uses STUN (soon ICE) for Hosted Nat Traversal (for UDP packets)

Inside Joost

• Original Joost content originates from Joost servers in Luxemburg– How do you get Terabytes of source data to Leiden (HQ) for encoding? (FEDEX)– Once encoded get sent to Luxemburg via IP– Then multicast (via tunnel) to Joost clusters around the world

• Joost HQ based in Leiden (Netherlands)

• Broadcast TAX is therefore paid in Luxemburg

• Joost have NO firewalls or load balancers (“Reduce Costs” - colm.maccarthaigh@joost.com)

• ASN 42072

• Also serve content (Top up ADSL Bandwidth)

Inside Joost

• Clusters are (will be deployed) in numerous ISP’s globally

• Each cluster is an “Island” operating independently from other clusters

• Clusters will generally consist of:– 1 Control Server– 10 Media Servers (Long-tail servers LTS)– 2x 3560 Cisco Routers

• These servers will connect to ISP via eBGP using a private ASN

• 1 Gbit/s of transit bandwidth per cluster

• This model can be repeated throughout the globe and within various ISPs

Inside Joost

• Different Content and Different Channels are available in different countries (GeoIP)

•All servers run Ubuntu!

Inside Joost

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Audio / Video Packet

Audio / Video BandwidthViewing 1 Video, No Upload

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Audio / Video BandwidthViewing 1 Video, Uploading (Acting as Source Node)

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

IPTV Players?

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Alexa Comparison

Joost Demo

AppleTV

• “Enjoy you’re your media on your big screen TV” - Steve Jobs Macworld Expo 2007

• First announced by Steve Jobs September 2006 (Named iTV)

• January 9 2007, Jobs officially announces AppleTV (Macworld Expo 2007)

• Retail Prices:– 40GB version (ZA R2,735) (USA $299)– 160GB version (ZA N/A) (USA $399)

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

iTunes

AppleTV

AppleTV

AppleTV

• Intel Processor

• Up to 720p (High-definition Video)

• 40GB or 160GB HD

• Built-in IR receiver (Comes with Apple Remote)

• 802.11 b + g +n Wifi

• 10/100BaseT Ethernet

• Auto sync from one PC / Mac

• Stream from up to 5 PC’s / Mac’s

AppleTV

• Video Formats Supported

• H.264 and protected H.264– Up to 5Mbit/s– Progressive Main Profile (CAVLC) with AAC-LC audio up to

160Kbps– .m4v, .mp4 and .mov file formats

• iTunes Store purchased Video– 320x240 or 640x480

• MPEG-4: Up to 3 Mbps– Simple Profile with AAC-LC audio up to 160Kbps– Max res (720x432 at 30fps)– .m4v, .mp4 and .mov file formats

AppleTV

• Audio Formats Supported

• AAC (16 to 320Kbps)• Protected AAC from iTunes Store• MP3 (16 to 320 Kbps)• MP3 VBR• Apple Lossless• AIFF• WAV

AppleTV

Photo Formats Supported• JPEG• BMP• GIF• TIFF• PNG

AppleTV Demo