photos.html cc by -nc 3.0 the end of the combustion …end+of... · 2018-12-10 · 2018-11-29...

THE END OF THE COMBUSTION ENGINEOR A NEW LIFE? LUCIEN KOOPMANS

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How many years will the IC Engine surviveas part of the powertrain in new vehicles?

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2015

2050

1.1 billion

2.4 billion

2015

2050

189 million

334 million

Passenger cars

Road freight vehicle

+ 118%

+ 77%

www.iea.org

Average lifetime: 11 years

Average lifetime: 12 years

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GLOBAL OBJECTIVESSustainable Mobility

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CO2 -35%2019HD/21LD 2030

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Fredrik Ekström

REQUIRED EFFICIENCY

Renewable

FUELS

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http://www.greencarcongress.com/2015/06/20150608-garcia.html

http://www.a-pointduurzaamheid.nl/files/4914/2348/7329/e_golf_Env_Comm.pdf

WELL-TO-WHEEL & LIFEManufacturing**

Batteries:110 gCO2/1 Wh

Driving* on electricity** :100 gCO2/km*WLTP driving** Average/EUmix

(24,3 kWh battery)

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1015

Btu

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration | International Energy Outlook 2016 www.eia.gov/ieo 2017

ENERGY CONSUMPTION

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What is the biggest hurdle for massive EV & PHEV adoption?

ICE

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PROPULSION SYSTEMS

η > 90%PMSM

IM SRM

EM

90 km/h

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Stop / startMicro Hybrid

Mild Hybrid

FullHybrid

Plug-inHybrid

Battery Electric Vehicle with Range

Extender

Battery Electric Vehicle

Increased vehicle cost, battery size, weight

NEED NEW ENGINE OPTIMIZATION

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STANDARD EMISSIONS

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CO2

Hydrogen

Biomass

Bio-fuel

RenewableEnergy

Electro-fuel

Water

P

S

E

Josefine Preuss & Tankai Zhang

Adapted from: The_sustainable_mobility_project (2004) Mobility 2030: meeting the challenges to sustainability. World Business Council for Sustainable Development,

POSSIBLE TO CLEAN EXISTING FLEET!

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LYNK & CO on CTH HYBRID TEST-RIGG

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Mindaugas Melaika & Sarp Mamikoglu

Micro Hybrid

ENGINE OPERATION REAL DRIVINGMild Hybrid Full Hybrid

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HOMOGENEOUS LEANwith Two-Stage Turbocharger

BSFC benefit [%]

Kristoffer Clasén

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ENGINE KNOCK

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WATER INJECTION

Jayesh Khatri

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Pumpinglosses

Unburned losses

Unburnedlosses

ENGINE eff. IMPROVEMENT POTENTIALEnergy conversion split

normal driving

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Technology / Cycle NEDC WLTP FTP-75 US06 HWFET 130 km/h

Waste heat recovery 0-1% 3-4% 4% 6-7% 5-6% 10%Fredrik Ekström & Jelmer Rijpkema

Source: VCC

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BIO-DIESEL and -METHANOL

Lower EmissionsMichael Saccullo & Andreas Nygren

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Developed with VOLVO AB2 % better fuel economyHalved particulate emissions

Jan Eismark

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CONTINUOUS OPTIMIZATION Energy and Emissions management

Ali Ghanaati

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THE NEW COMBUSTION ENGINE LIFE:

For a SUSTAINABLE FUTURESreelekha Etikyala

ElectrifiedConnectedRenewable fuels