AlexandraWar not a series of episodes of conflict

AlexandraWar not a series of episodes of conflictPolitical institution

AlexandraWar not a series of episodes of conflictPolitical institution"The whole complex of activities and organization" that make war possible

AlexandraWar not a series of episodes of conflictPolitical institution"The whole complex of activities and organization" that make war possiblePolitical pacifism not against fighting: against the institution of war.

AlexandraWar not a series of episodes of conflictPolitical institution"The whole complex of activities and organization" that make war possiblePolitical pacifism not against fighting: against the institution of war.All violence not necessarily wrong.

AlexandraWar not a series of episodes of conflictPolitical institution"The whole complex of activities and organization" that make war possiblePolitical pacifism not against fighting: against the institution of war.All violence not necessarily wrong.Pacifism agrees the state is valuable.

AlexandraWar not a series of episodes of conflictPolitical institution"The whole complex of activities and organization" that make war possiblePolitical pacifism not against fighting: against the institution of war.All violence not necessarily wrong.Pacifism agrees the state is valuable.Violent disruption of the state must be prevented.

AlexandraWar not a series of episodes of conflictPolitical institution"The whole complex of activities and organization" that make war possiblePolitical pacifism not against fighting: against the institution of war.All violence not necessarily wrong.Pacifism agrees the state is valuable.Violent disruption of the state must be prevented.But not with institutionalized violence: an institution of peace.

AlexandraWar not a series of episodes of conflictPolitical institution"The whole complex of activities and organization" that make war possiblePolitical pacifism not against fighting: against the institution of war.All violence not necessarily wrong.Pacifism agrees the state is valuable.Violent disruption of the state must be prevented.But not with institutionalized violence: an institution of peace.

Argument against pacifism

AlexandraWar not a series of episodes of conflictPolitical institution"The whole complex of activities and organization" that make war possiblePolitical pacifism not against fighting: against the institution of war.All violence not necessarily wrong.Pacifism agrees the state is valuable.Violent disruption of the state must be prevented.But not with institutionalized violence: an institution of peace.

Argument against pacifismImpractical

AlexandraWar not a series of episodes of conflictPolitical institution"The whole complex of activities and organization" that make war possiblePolitical pacifism not against fighting: against the institution of war.All violence not necessarily wrong.Pacifism agrees the state is valuable.Violent disruption of the state must be prevented.But not with institutionalized violence: an institution of peace.

Argument against pacifismImpracticalMostly applies only to personal refusal, not political pacifism (Narveson).

AlexandraWar not a series of episodes of conflictPolitical institution"The whole complex of activities and organization" that make war possiblePolitical pacifism not against fighting: against the institution of war.All violence not necessarily wrong.Pacifism agrees the state is valuable.Violent disruption of the state must be prevented.But not with institutionalized violence: an institution of peace.

Argument against pacifismImpracticalMostly applies only to personal refusal, not political pacifism (Narveson).But how to deter violence against the state (invasion)?

AlexandraWar not a series of episodes of conflictPolitical institution"The whole complex of activities and organization" that make war possiblePolitical pacifism not against fighting: against the institution of war.All violence not necessarily wrong.Pacifism agrees the state is valuable.Violent disruption of the state must be prevented.But not with institutionalized violence: an institution of peace.

Argument against pacifismImpracticalMostly applies only to personal refusal, not political pacifism (Narveson).But how to deter violence against the state (invasion)?People would never act as pacifists when invaded.

AlexandraWar not a series of episodes of conflictPolitical institution"The whole complex of activities and organization" that make war possiblePolitical pacifism not against fighting: against the institution of war.All violence not necessarily wrong.Pacifism agrees the state is valuable.Violent disruption of the state must be prevented.But not with institutionalized violence: an institution of peace.

Argument against pacifismImpracticalMostly applies only to personal refusal, not political pacifism (Narveson).But how to deter violence against the state (invasion)?People would never act as pacifists when invaded.Can't expect that if there's no institution of peace in place.

Historical examples of pacifism's effectiveness: Gandhi, King, Lithuania.

Historical examples of pacifism's effectiveness: Gandhi, King, Lithuania.Why take political pacifism seriously as an alternative to the institution of war?

Historical examples of pacifism's effectiveness: Gandhi, King, Lithuania.Why take political pacifism seriously as an alternative to the institution of war?

More effective

Historical examples of pacifism's effectiveness: Gandhi, King, Lithuania.Why take political pacifism seriously as an alternative to the institution of war?

More effectiveThe more military build-up, the greater likelihood of war.

Historical examples of pacifism's effectiveness: Gandhi, King, Lithuania.Why take political pacifism seriously as an alternative to the institution of war?

More effectiveThe more military build-up, the greater likelihood of war.

Costs lessCosts of military: financial, economic, cultural, environmental, psychological

Historical examples of pacifism's effectiveness: Gandhi, King, Lithuania.Why take political pacifism seriously as an alternative to the institution of war?

More effectiveThe more military build-up, the greater likelihood of war.

Costs lessCosts of military: financial, economic, cultural, environmental, psychological

More consistent with our values

Historical examples of pacifism's effectiveness: Gandhi, King, Lithuania.Why take political pacifism seriously as an alternative to the institution of war?

More effectiveThe more military build-up, the greater likelihood of war.

Costs lessCosts of military: financial, economic, cultural, environmental, psychological

More consistent with our valuesMilitary: "instrument of obedience", inconsistent with Kantian moral agency.

Historical examples of pacifism's effectiveness: Gandhi, King, Lithuania.Why take political pacifism seriously as an alternative to the institution of war?

More effectiveThe more military build-up, the greater likelihood of war.

Costs lessCosts of military: financial, economic, cultural, environmental, psychological

More consistent with our valuesMilitary: "instrument of obedience", inconsistent with Kantian moral agency.Subverts democracy