Accelerating Progress on the MDGs

Informal Meeting on the Preparation of Informal Meeting on the Preparation of the 2010 HLPM on the MDGsthe 2010 HLPM on the MDGs

8 March 20108 March 2010New YorkNew York

MDG 4. Under 5 Mortality has fallen below 9 million, but achieving MDG4 is still far off

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1970 1980 1990 2000 2008 2015

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Progress has not been evenly distributed among regions

10.4

7.6 6.75

3.7

2.23.7 3.9 4.3 4.5 4.5

1.4

2.6

2.11.5

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1970 1980 1990 2000 2008 2015 MDG Target

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Trends in Under-five Deaths, 1970-2008

Africa Asia Other19%

8%

17%

15%

52%

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Mortality gap between the poorest (red) and richest (blue) quintiles (per 1,000)

East Asia,Pacific

Europe, CentralAsia

Latin America,Caribbean

Middle East,North Africa

South Asia

Sub-SaharanAfrica

Figure 6. Equity gaps in underfive mortality, by region of the world.

Source: DHS analyzed by World Bank PovertyNet

Equity gaps in under-five mortality, by region of the world

Overall progress in reducing under-5 mortality BUT little progress in reducing newborn deaths

Source: Lawn JE et al, Lancet 2005

Pneumonia and Diarrhoea together account for more than one third of child deaths (including during the neonatal period)

Source: World Health Organization, 2008

Globally, more than one third of child

deaths are attributable to undernutrition

Source: World Health Organization, 2008.

Measles-related deaths among children decreased from 733,000 in 2000 to 164,000 in 2008

Number of Measles Deaths 2000-2008, by MDG region

Source: WHO, 2009

Global Immunization 2000-2008, DPT3 immunization coverage

Source: WHO/UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage, July 2009

Rapid progress in scaling up insecticide-treated net use

Source: UNICEF Global malaria databases 2009, based on 22 countries with trend data for around 2000 and 2006, covering 53 % of children under age five.

Pneumonia: a killer for lack of treatment

Care seeking for pneumonia (% of children under five with suspected pneumonia being taken to an appropriate care provider)

                                                          

* Excludes China

Source: UNICEF global databases, 2009.

Continuum of feeding practicesDeveloping world averages of key indicators (%)

*: Excluding China due to lack of data

Source: UNICEF Global Database, Nov 2009Compiled from MICS, DHS and other national surveys

MDG 5 - Maternal Mortality Half a million women continue to die annually from childbirth-

related causes

Another 10 million are left with lifelong debilitating effects

Source: UNICEF: Progress for Children 2008

GAP2 GAP

4

Whilst we know what works, there are important coverage gaps

Source: Lancet Countdown Coverage writing group, Lancet Countdown special issue, 2008

GAP3

GAP1

195 Million under-fives in the developing world are stunted

MDG 7: DRINKING WATER (2008 status) World ON TRACK for MDG target

Progress towards the MDG drinking water target, 2008

Not on track

Progress but insufficient

On track

Source: WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation, 2010

Urban/Rural disparities, 2008

Drinking water coverage, 2008

Less than 50%

50 – 75%

76 - 90%

91 - 100%

Urban drinking water

Rural drinking water

Source: WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation, 2010

Women shoulder the largest burdenin collecting water

Bo

ys, 4%

Girls, 7%

Men, 25%

Women64%

Percent using an improved drinking water source more than 30 minutes away

35% 36%33%

30% 28%

41%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

BurkinaFaso

Burundi Malawi Mauritania Rwanda Uganda

MDG 7. SanitationWorld not on track for MDG target

On track

Not on track

Progress but insufficient

Progress towards the MDG sanitation target, 2006

Source: WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation, 2010

1.1 billion people still practise open defecation, 2008

Countries where more than 10 million people practise open defecation, 2008

Source: WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation, 2010

Hygiene: Hand washing with soap…..

• can reduce diarrhoea rates by 42-47%• can reduce Acute Respiratory Infections by up to 23%• by mothers and birth attendants can reduce neonatal

mortality rates by 44%

Cost-effectiveness of hygiene promotion as a health intervention: US $ 3.35/ Disability Adjusted Life Year

Source: UNAIDS and WHO, AIDS Epidemic Update, 2009.

Children (<15 years) estimated to be living with HIV, 2008

Total: 2.1 million (Range: 1.2 million - 2.9 million)

2.1 million children under 15 years are living with HIV globally

Percentage of pregnant women with HIV receiving antiretrovirals for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV in low- and middle-income countries, 2004–2008

Percentage of children receiving antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries, 2005–2008

Source: Towards Universal Access: Scaling up priority HIV/AIDS interventionsin the health sector, 2009, UNICEF, WHO, UNAIDS

Percentage of women aged 15-24 with comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV, 2003-2008

Percentage

Less than 30 per cent

30-49 per cent

50 per cent or more

Data not available

Comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV among young women aged 15-24 remains low in most countries

Source: UNICEF global databases, 2010

Compiled from MICS, DHS and other national surveys

Action for acceleration

• Focus on the main killers of children • Scale up essential live-saving interventions• Services and care through the life cycle• Expand community-based approaches• Strengthen health systems • Significantly increase the investments (both

national and external) in health systems• Strengthen partnerships (private, CSO,

professional associations, research institutions)

Essential interventions

• Skilled attendants at birth and emergency obstetric care

• Immunization

• Early and exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life

• Complementary feeding

• Micronutrient supplementation

• Insecticide-treated mosquito nets, effective medicines to prevent and treat malaria

•

Essential interventions

• Antibiotics to fight pneumonia • Oral rehydration therapy and zinc to combat diarrhoeal diseases

•Treatment of severe acute malnutrition

• Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and paediatric treatment of AIDS

• Hand washing with soap

• Sanitation

Source: UNICEF global databases, 2009, and UNESCO Institute for Statistics Date Centre, March 2009

Progress towards MDG 2: Achieve universal primary educationIn more than 60 developing countries, at least 90 per cent of primary-school-age children are in school

Primary school net enrolment rate or net attendance rate (2003–

Source: UNICEF Global Database, Nov 2009

84 per cent of primary-school-age children attend schoolPrimary school enrolment/attendance rate, Net (%, 2003-2008)

Source: UNICEF global databases, 2009

MDG 3: Eliminate gender disparity in education Many countries have reached gender parity in primary educationGender parity index (GPI) in primary education (2003–2008)

Source: UNICEF global databases, 2009

Progress towards MDG 3: Eliminate gender disparity in education Fewer countries are near parity in secondary education

Gender parity index (GPI) in secondary education (2003–2008)

Acceleration agenda• Education main tool to break cycle of inter-generational poverty

• Investing in data

• Adequate, equitable and sustainable financing

• Exploiting IT to reach the unreached

• Engaging non-traditional partners – private sector, foundations, NGOs – to increase and enhance funding of basic education

• Focus on systems strengthening

• Revitalization of community-based approaches and social mobilization

• Concerted support to fragile contexts