above – in a higher place the balloon is above the desk
TRANSCRIPT
Above – In a higher place
The balloon is above the desk.
Below – In a lower place
The balloon is below the table.
The numbers that are being added or combined
together
Addends
After – A number or an event that comes next in a sequence;
following, succeeding What number comes after 4?What number comes before 2?
Before – A number or an event that comes in front of or prior to;
preceding
Array – An arrangement that shows objects in rows and
columns
3x4=12
3X
4
Axis – horizontal and vertical number lines used for to help
locate points on a coordinate grid.8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Axis
Balance – A tool used to compare the weight of two
objects
Bar Graph – A way to show information that uses bars to
represent dataNumber
of Student
s
Favorite Candy in our Class
5
4
3
2
1
0
Type of Candy
Skittles M&M’s Lucas Baby Bottle Pop Twizzlers
Base – A special face of a solid figure
Base The base of a cone is a circle.
Between – In the space, time, etc separating two things
The alligator is between the two girls.
Breakfast Lunch Dinner
What meal is between breakfast and dinner?
Capacity – The amount a container can hold.
Celsius – Metric measurement of
temperature
Water boils at 100˚Celsius.Water freezes at 0˚Celsius.
Room temperature is 20˚Celsius
The abbreviation for Celsius is ˚C.
Centimeter – A metric unit of length
Your pinky is about one centimeter wide.
Certainty – A given event will occur
If you throw a ball into the air, it will come back down.
Circle – A plane figure with all points the same distance from a fixed point called the center
Colder – having a lower temperature
Hotter – having a higher temperature
A number that is a factor of two or more numbers
12
1 2 3 4 6
16
1 2 4 8
4 is a common factor of 12 and 16. What are two other common factors?
A number that is a multiple of two or more numbers
3
6
9
12
4
8
12
16
12 is a common multiple of 3 and 4.
A pair of numbers that are east to work with mentally
7+3=10 17+3=20 70+30=100
Numbers that add to multiples of 10 are compatible numbers.
A number greater than zero that has mote than two factors
4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16…
Numbers that are not prime numbers are composite numbers.
Cone – a solid figure with one curved surface, one circular base, and one vertex
Vertex
Circular Base
Congruent – figures that have exactly the same size and same shape
Contract – to shrink
The ice cubes are shrinking as they melt.
Cube – A solid figure with six congruent square faces
Cubic Unit – A unit such as a cubic centimeter or cubic inch used to measure volume
Height2 units
Width1 unit
Length2units
Length x Width x Height
2 x 1 x 2 = 4 units3
The volume of the block is 4 cubic units.
To find volume, multiply length, width, and height.
Cup
A milk carton from the cafeteria holds about 1 cup.
The abbreviation for cup is c.
A cup holds 8 fluid ounces.
Cylinder A solid figure with two circular bases that are parallel and congruent
–
Data – Information collected about people or things
Data Sheet
Favorite Candy in our Class
Student Name Skittles M&Ms LucasBaby Bottle
pop Twizzlers
x Jason x Alex x Lucerox Maykel
Aaron xZihurabet x
x Ashely x Jeimy x Syliva x Juana
Ovidio x
Jessicax Hugo
Anna x
Willie x
Andrea x
Libby x
Day – a unit of time equal to 24 hours
12:00 Midnight All Day long 11:59pm (night time again)
A new day begins at midnight and lasts all day long until a minute before midnight (24 hours).
The days of the week are Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, and Saturday.
Density – a measure of how tightly an object’s atoms are packed together.
A bar of soap is denser than a loaf of bread.
Volume – the amount of space an object takes up.
To find the volume of a cube multiply length, width, and height.
Length x Width x Height
To find the volume of objects like marbles and rocks, drop them into graduated cylinders and see how much water they displace.
Volume is measured in cubic units
Mass – the amount of matter in an object.
An elephant has a lot of mass.
A leaf has very little mass.
Diameter – A line segment that passes through the center of a circle
Diameter
Difference
• The amount by which one quantity is greater or less than another.
There are 3 women and 2 men.
What is the difference between the number of women and men?
Digit – any one of the ten symbols 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 used to write numbers
thousands , hundreds tens ones
4 , 8 9 7
What digit is in the hundreds place?
One-Dimensional Figures
Two–Dimensional Figures
Three-Dimensional Figures
One number is divisible by another if theremainder is zero when you divide.
49 is divisible
by 7 because the remainder is 0 whenyou divide.
The operation of splitting a set of objects or a number into equal
groups.
6 hearts divided into 2 groups equals 3 hearts in each group.
- The number by which another number is being divided.
48 ÷ 6
The Answer to a division problem.
48 ÷ 6 = 8
Edge – A place where two or more sides meet on a geometric solid
Edge
Equally Likely – When the outcomes of an experiment have the same chance of happening
Heads TailsWhen you flip a coin, it is equally likely that it will land on heads or tails.
When you spin the arrow on this spinner, it is equally likely that the arrow will land on yellow, blue, red, or green.
Equals – two things with the same value or amount
½ ½
¼ ¼ ¼ ¼
2/4 and 1/2 are equals.
Equation – A number sentence that uses an equal sign to show that two amounts are equal. Some equations have variables
an equation
an equation with a variable
Equivalent Decimals – Two or more decimals that name the same amount
0.5 is pronounced 5 tenths or 5/10. 0.50 is pronounced 50 hundredths or 50/100.
These fractions are equivalent; thus these decimals are equivalent
Equivalent – two things with the same value or amount
Even – A number that can be divided into two equal groups
14 is and even number. 14 can be divided into two equal groups of 7.
Group 1
Group 2
7 apples
+ 7 apples
14 apples
Some of the even numbers are 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10.
Event – An activity that takes place
Expand – to get bigger
The balloon is expanding as it is inflated.
Expanded Form – A way to write numbers by showing the value of each digit
4,325 = 4,000+300+20+5
You can tell if you did it right by stacking it and adding the numbers together.
4,000 300 20+ 54,325
Expression – A variable or combination of variables, numbers, and operation symbols that represent a mathematical relationship
and
are expressions.
Extend – to make longer, stretch out, prolong
Can you extend these patterns?
__ __
__ __
___
Face – A flat side on a geometric solid
Face
Fact Family – A group of facts that share the same numbers and use inverse operations
Fact Families can be addition and subtraction.
The 6, 3, 9 Family
6+3=9 3+6=99-6=3 9-3=6
Fact families can also be multiplication and division.
The 5, 2, 10 family
5x2=10 2x5=10
10÷5=2 10÷2=5
Fahrenheit – customary unit of temperature
Fairness – When one outcome is not more likely to happen than another
Favorable outcome – In probability, the outcome you are interested in measuring. It is not necessarily the most likely outcome.
The lady had a 1 out of a million chance of winning the lottery. Her favorable outcome was small.
Figure – a shape in 2 or 3 dimensions.
2 dimensional
figure
3 dimensional
figure
Formula – A rule that is written as an equation
Length2
Width4
To find the area of the rectangle, multiply the length by the width.
The formula for area is length x width.
What is the area of the rectangle?
Frequency – The number of times a value occurs in a set of data
Student Name Number of Children in Home
Libby 1
Faith 3
Jacob 3
Chelsea 2
Margaret 3
3 is the frequency of the number 3 in the datasheet.
T-Chart-A system for organizing data in order to identify patterns.
Number of
bicycles 1 2 3 4
Number of
wheels 2 4 6 ?
Table – A system for organizing data.
Student Name Number of Children in Home
Libby 1
Faith 3
Jacob 3
Chelsea 2
Margaret 3
Gallon
Milk comes in 1 gallon containers.
The abbreviation for gallon is gal.
4 quarts equal 1 gallon.
Gas – The state of matter that has no definite shape and takes up no definite amount of space.
The strand of math that deals with measurement and comparing figures, both plane and solid .
Generalization
• A claim that something is true of all parts of a group.
All girls love to shop!
Gram
A paperclip weighs about 1 gram.
The abbreviation for gram is g.
Graphs – A picture of data or information you have collected
Line Graph Pie
Graph
Bar Graph
Greater Than
> (Greater than) - The symbol used to compare two numbers with the greater number given first
The alligator eats the greater number.
Greatest Common Factor- The greatest number that is a factor of every number in a set of numbers
36
1 2 3 964 361812
32
1 2 4 32168
The greatest common factor of 36 and 32 is 4.
Greatest – having the largest value (the biggest)
Find the greatest number in each row.
5, 13, 11, 20, 25
79, 33, 96, 155, 47
658, 733, 568, 422
752, 755, 750, 759
Grid – a pattern of horizontal and vertical lines usually forming squares
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Half-Dollar – a coin whose value is fifty cents
50 cents
Half-Hour – thirty minutes
12:00 12:30
It is a half-hour from 12:00 to 12:30.
Most TV shows last a half-hour or 30 minutes.
Heavier – having more weight
Lighter
HeavierLighter – having less weight
Hexagon – a six sided polygon
1
2
3
4
5
6
Horizontal – the direction from left to right
Vertical – The direction from top to bottom
Hour Hand – the short hand on a traditional clock
Minute Hand – the long hand on a traditional clock.
Hour – sixty minutes
12:00 1:00
It is one hour or 60 minutes from 12:00 to 1:00.
You can watch two TV shows in one hour.
Impossible
– Certainty that a given event will not happen
A dinosaur will not walk through the door of our classroom.
Inch – A customary unit of length
Start Measuring Here
1 inch
About how many inches long is the caterpillar?
Kilogram
A baseball bat weighs about 1 kilogram.
The abbreviation for kilogram is kg.
1,000 grams equal 1 kilogram.
Least Common Denominator-
The least common multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions
8 63 4
Multiples of 8 = 8,16,24,32,40,48Multiples of 6 = 6,12,18,24
24 is the least common denominator.
24=3x8 6 x4=24
9 =3x3 4x4=16
Least Common Multiple – The smallest common multiple of a set
of two or more numbers
What is the least common multiple for the numbers 9 and 7?
Multiples of 99, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63
Multiples of 7
7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63
Length
– The distance from one point to another.
How many caterpillars long is the pencil?
Less Than
The alligator does not eat the lesser number.
< (Less than)
- The symbol used to compare two numbers with the lesser number given first
Less – a number or set that has fewer; smaller
There are less kittens than puppies.
Line graph – a graph used to show change over time with points connected by line segments
Line Graph
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
North
West
East
Line Plot
– a graph showing frequency of data on a number line
1 2 3 4 5
x
x x x
x x x x x
x x x x x
Number of A’s on Report Card
Liquid – The state of matter in which a
substance exhibits readiness to flow.
Liter A large bottle of
water is about one liter.
The abbreviation for liter is L.
1,000 milliliters equal 1 liter.
Matter – anything that has mass and takes up space
Solids Liquids Gas
There are three states of matter.
Measurement
– Using tools to find the size and weight ofan object, temperature or time
Median – The middle number when numbers are arranged
from least to greatest
4, 8, 13, 19, 25
In this set of numbers, 13 is the median.
Melt – To be transformed from a solid to a liquid state
by application of heat, pressure, or both.
Milliliter
A milliliter is about one drop of water.
The abbreviation for milliliter is mL.A milliliter is one cubic centimeter.
Mode – the number that appears most frequently in a
set of numbersAges of the children in class
10, 10, 11, 10, 10, 12, 9, 11, 10, 10, 10, 11, 11, 10, 10,
11, 12, 11
What is the mode?
Month – A unit of time equal to approximately 30 days
Months of the Year
January, February
March , April, May
June, July , August
September, October, NovemberDecember
More – greater in amount or degree
Are there more pumpkins or more leaves?
The process of finding the total number of items when joining equal groups.
4 groups each have 4 stars4 stars. There are 16 stars16 stars altogether.
Any number multiplied together to find a product.
6 × 7
A number that is the product of a given number and a whole number
3,6,9, and 12 are MultiplesMultiples of 3
The Answer in a multiplication problem.
8 × 6 = 48
To find an answer that is close to the actual
answer by rounding.
48 50+56 +60104 110
The estimated answer is close to the actual answer.
Finding the closest ten, hundred, thousand, etc .
If the underlined digit is greater than 5, than round up…
If the underlined digit is less than 5, round down.
13 10
468 500
1,653 2,000
Net – A two-dimensional pattern of a three-dimensional
figure
Non-standard measurement – Measuring objects using items not normally used to measure
How many footsteps is it from your desk to the door?
How many palms wide is your desk?
– An equation or a comparison
equation
comparison
Octagon – An eight-sided polygon
STOP
Odd – a number that cannot be divided into two equal groups
7 is an odd number. 7 cannot be divided into two equal groups.
Group 1 = 4 bananas
Group 2 = 3 bananas
Some of the odd numbers are 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9.
Open Figure Closed Figure
Operation
– The four mathematical operations are:
1. Addition + joins amounts together
2. Subtraction - take away or comparing
3.Multiplication x joining equal groups4. Division ÷ equal separation
Operation
– The four mathematical operations are addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
1. addition +2.subtraction -
3. multiplication x4. division ÷
Ordered Pair – A pair of numbers used to locate a point on a grid.
54321
0 1 2 3 4 5
The location of the heart is (3,2).
Ordinal Number
– a number that tells order or position
First, Second, Third, and Fourth are some of the ordinal numbers.
Ounce
One slice of bread weighs about 1 ounce.
The abbreviation for ounce is oz.
Outcomes – possible results of an experiment
If you flip a coin three times, your possible outcomes would be…
Flip 1 Heads Tails
Flip 2 Heads Tails Heads Tails
Flip 3 Heads Tails Heads Tails Heads Tails Heads Tails
Oval – Shaped like an egg in a longitudinal cross section
Over – in, at, or to a position above
The balloons are over the turtle’s head.
Paired numbers – numbers that have a direct relationship with each other
Wheels on a bicycle
Number of
bicycles 1 2 3 4
Number of
wheels 2 4 6 ?
How many wheels are on 4 bicycles?
Parallelogram – any four sided polygon with two pairs of parallel lines
Pattern – The repetition of numbers or objects; list of numbers that follow a rule
____
3, 6, 9, 12, __, 18
What comes next in the pattern?
Penny – A coin whose value is 1 cent
1 cent
Nickel – A coin whose value is 5 cents
5 cents
Dime – A coin whose value is ten cents
Quarter – A coin whose value is 25 cents
10 cents
25 cents
Pentagon
– a five-sided polygon
– A graph that uses pictures to show and compare information
Our favorite Ice Cream
Chocolate Vanilla Strawberry Other
Each picture = 2 children
Pie Graph – A way to show information that uses pieces of a pie, or circle to represent information
1st Qtr
2nd Qtr
3rd Qtr
4th Qtr
Pint
A 16 ounce bottle of water holds one pint.
The abbreviation for pint is pt.
2 cups equal 1 pint.
Place Value – The system in which the position of a digit determines its value
hundreds tens ones
7 3 2
Which digit is in the tens place?
Place Value – The system in which the position of a digit determines its value
tenthousands thousands , hundreds tens ones
1 5 , 7 3 2
Which digit is in the thousands place?
Plane Figure – Any two-dimensional figure
Plane – A flat surface that goes on forever in all directions
Point – Name of a location on an object in space
point A
Polygon – a closed plane figure with straight sides
Polyhedron – a three-dimensional shape
Possible
– A given event might, could occur
It is possible that it might rain this week.
Pound
A loaf of bread weighs about 1 pound.
The abbreviation for pound is lb.
16 ounces equal 1 pound.
Predict – to state what one believes will happen with the information given
Based on this information, I predict you will get an “A.”
Price – the amount of money needed to purchase an item
Prime number – a whole number greater than zero hat has exactly two different factors, 1 and itself
Some of the prime numbers are:2, 3, 5, 7, 11, and 13
Don’t forget that 2 is a prime number!
Prism – A 3-dimensional figure that has two congruent and parallel faces that are polygons. The rest of the faces are parallelograms
rectangular prism Hexagonal prism
Probability – The chance a given event will occur.
Problem Solving – Choosing an appropriate plan to find a solution
Pyramid – a polyhedron whose base is a polygon whose other faces are triangles that share a common vertex
Quadrilateral – a four sided polygon
Quantity – an amount
What is the quantity of horses in the picture?
Quart
Motor Oil
Motor oil for cars comes in 1 quart containers
The abbreviation for quart is qt.
2 pints equal 1 quart.
Radius – Line segment with one endpoint at the center of a circle and the other endpoint on the circle
radius
Range – the difference between the greatest and least numbers in a set of numbers
36-22 14
The range between 36 and 22 is 14.
Reasonableness – deciding which answer makes the most sense
Rectangle – a plane figure with four sides and four right angles
Rectangular Prism – A solid figure in which all six faces are rectangles
To exchange amounts of equal value to rename a number…
Relationship
The condition or fact of being related; connected or associated.
Some of the time when the weather turns cold, people tend to get sick.
Remainder – The amount left over when you find a quotient
4r16 25 - 24 1
25 pieces of candy divided into 6 groups equals 4 pieces of candy in each group with a remainder of 1.
Rhombus – a parallelogram whose four sides are congruent and opposite angles are congruent
– a list showing when events happen
Class Schedule7:45 Morning Announcements8:00 Reading/Language Arts
10:00 Specials11:30 Lunch12:00 Recess
12:30 Math Lesson1:30 Social Studies and Science
2:35 Go home
Sequence – A set of numbers arranged in a special order or pattern
The combination sequence for my lock is 13-26-7.
Set – A given number of objects; a group
Crayons come in sets of 24.
Side – any of the line segments that form a polygon
Side
Similar Figures – Figures that have the same shape but may have different sizes
Simplest Form – A fraction whose numerator and denominator have no other common factors other than one
56
This fraction is in its simplest form.
Skip Count – adding the same number each time
Skip counting by 2’s2, 4, 6, 8, 10
Skip counting by 5’s5, 10, 15, 20, 25
Skip counting by 10’s10, 20, 30, 40, 50
Solid figure – A figure with 3 dimensions; not flat
Solid – Having a definite configuration and volume
Sphere – any round object whose curved surface is the same distance to the center as all of its points
Square Unit – the unit used to measure area
The figure above measures 24 square units.
Square – A plane figure with four sides that are the same length and four right angles
Standard Form – A way to write numbers by using digits
(the normal way)
1,365
Survey – The process of asking a group of people the same question
Getting to know you survey
1What is your favorite color?
2How old are you?
3What is your lucky number?
4What is your favorite subject?
Symbol – Any letter of figure used to represent an unknown number
6 + n = 13
In this equation, the symbol is n.
Temperature – how hot or cold something is
Temperature is measured by thermometers.
Tessellation – a covering of a plane without overlaps or gaps using combinations of congruent figures
Three Dimensional – having length, width, height, and volume
Ton
A bread truck weighs about 1 ton.
The abbreviation for ton is T.
2,000 pounds equal 1 ton.
Trapezoid – a quadrilateral with onlyone pair of parallel sides
Triangle – A plane figure with three straight sides
Value – the amount something is worth
Venn Diagram – a drawing that shows in which categories numbers or objects in a set belong
Dogs
People
are pets
Eat dog food
have tails
bark
own pets
Eat people food
Talk
No tails
mammals
Live in houses
intelligent
Vertex – a corner; a place where three or more sides meet in a geometric solid
Vertices – more than one corner
Vertex
– a unit of time equal to 7 days
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
29 30 31
There are about 4 ½ weeks in a month.
Weight – A measure of how heavy an object is
Width
• The distance across from side to side.
Width 4 inches
Whole number – A set of natural numbers using zero; any number that is not a decimal or fraction
72
Whole – a figure that is not divided into parts
Scale
• A tool used to measure the weight of an object.
Balance Scales
• A set of scales used to compare the measure of weights
Difference
• The amount by which one quantity is greater or less than another.
There are 3 women and 2 men.
What is the difference between the number of women and men?
SeparateTake Away
• Taking Away the smaller amount from the larger number.
• 7 cars were on the highway. Then 2 of the cars were in an accident. How many cars were not in the accident?
Equal two things with the same value or amount
The pickup truck and the car have an equal number of wheels.
How Much More?How Many More?
• Comparing two amounts and finding the difference.
• The larger amount will be that much greater.
• The lion did 3 tricks. The tiger did 1 trick. How many more tricks did the lion do than the tiger?
How Many Fewer ? How many less?
• Compare the amounts and find the difference.
• The smaller amount will be that much less.
• How many fewer children are there than adults?
Give Reasons for the Answer
• to show appropriate reasoning for solving the problem
How many apples did Marie have after combining the apples from the tree and the bowl together? To solve this problem Marie must join the apples together. Addition will allow Marie to join the apples together.
Temperature – how hot or cold something is
Temperature is measured by thermometers.
Degrees
A unit division of a temperature scale.
Fahrenheit – customary unit of temperature
Celsius – Metric measurement of
temperature
Water boils at 100˚Celsius.Water freezes at 0˚Celsius.
Room temperature is 20˚Celsius
The abbreviation for Celsius is ˚C.
Compare
• We use attributes to explain how things are alike and different.
More Likely
• The likelihood that an event will occur more often than it will not occur.
• Example:– It is more likely to
select a yellow counter than a red counter.
Least Likely
• The likelihood that an event will not occur as often.
• Example:– The chances of
selecting a red counter are less likely than selecting a yellow counter.
Certainty – A given event will occur
If you throw a ball into the air, it will come back down.