a - perspectiva económica global - julio 2016 - fti

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For Financial Professional Use Only / Not For Public Distribution Global Economic Perspective PERSPECTIVE FROM THE FRANKLIN TEMPLETON FIXED INCOME GROUP ® Investment Team Update July 2016 IN THIS ISSUE: US Bonds Caught Up in Global Trend of Falling Yields Effect of UK Poll Result on Global Economy Unclear UK Poll Result Likely to Create Prolonged Uncertainty Across Europe US Bonds Caught Up in Global Trend of Falling Yields June heralded a fresh downward leg in the pattern of falling US bond yields prevalent so far in 2016. Yields began moving lower early in the month following May’s disappointing US payroll report, and the move accelerated sharply following the unexpected decision by referendum voters in the United Kingdom to leave the European Union (EU). Even before the UK referendum result and the resulting spike in market volatility, the US Federal Reserve (Fed) had adopted a cautious tone. Subsequently, investors concluded there was a negligible chance US policy rates would be raised for some time to come, as the Fed remained on hold while assessing whether the US economy had been materially impacted. With market sentiment heavily favouring such views, a far stronger-than-expected payroll report for June had little impact initially on the Treasury market. The record lows seen in Treasury yields signal to us how much the US bond market and indeed US monetary policy are being driven by international rather than domestic factors. Clearly, there are significant concerns about the global backdrop, but the Treasury Christopher Molumphy Michael Materasso Roger Bayston John Beck David Zahn market appears to bear little relation to the state of the US economy, where growth remains moderate but respectable, even allowing for any potential future downdraft from the UK referendum result. With yields on sovereign bonds in numerous countries now negative, Treasuries may stay attractive to investors on a relative basis despite being in unprecedented territory historically. Minutes from the Fed’s June meeting underlined that policymakers were mindful of the potential risks to the US economy and global markets even before the UK referendum result. In the aftermath of the UK poll, Treasury yields fell to unprecedented levels, with the yield on the 10-year note reaching a new closing low of 1.36% in early July. In the fed futures market, expectations about the timing of the next US interest-rate rise were pushed back significantly, as far as the fourth quarter of 2018 at one point. Comments from Fed officials after the referendum result encompassed a variety of views, as some downplayed the potential for the aftershocks to have much effect on the US economy, and others pointed to a general tightening of financial conditions. However, June’s strong payroll report did lead to a limited re- evaluation by investors about the shorter end of the Treasury curve. Following the data, fed futures moved to allow a higher possibility of an interest-rate rise before the end of this year, though an increase was still only seen as a 20% chance. Despite

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Page 1: A - Perspectiva Económica Global - Julio 2016 - FTI

For Financial Professional Use Only / Not For Public Distribution

Global Economic Perspective PERSPECTIVE FROM THE FRANKLIN TEMPLETON FIXED INCOME GROUP®

Investment Team Update July 2016

IN THIS ISSUE: • US Bonds Caught Up in Global Trend of Falling Yields • Effect of UK Poll Result on Global Economy Unclear • UK Poll Result Likely to Create Prolonged Uncertainty Across

Europe

US Bonds Caught Up in Global Trend of Falling Yields

June heralded a fresh downward leg in the pattern of falling US bond yields prevalent so far in 2016. Yields began moving lower early in the month following May’s disappointing US payroll report, and the move accelerated sharply following the unexpected decision by referendum voters in the United Kingdom to leave the European Union (EU). Even before the UK referendum result and the resulting spike in market volatility, the US Federal Reserve (Fed) had adopted a cautious tone. Subsequently, investors concluded there was a negligible chance US policy rates would be raised for some time to come, as the Fed remained on hold while assessing whether the US economy had been materially impacted. With market sentiment heavily favouring such views, a far stronger-than-expected payroll report for June had little impact initially on the Treasury market.

The record lows seen in Treasury yields signal to us how much the US bond market and indeed US monetary policy are being driven by international rather than domestic factors. Clearly, there are significant concerns about the global backdrop, but the Treasury

Christopher Molumphy

Michael Materasso

Roger Bayston

John Beck

David Zahn

market appears to bear little relation to the state of the US economy, where growth remains moderate but respectable, even allowing for any potential future downdraft from the UK referendum result. With yields on sovereign bonds in numerous countries now negative, Treasuries may stay attractive to investors on a relative basis despite being in unprecedented territory historically.

Minutes from the Fed’s June meeting underlined that policymakers were mindful of the potential risks to the US economy and global markets even before the UK referendum result. In the aftermath of the UK poll, Treasury yields fell to unprecedented levels, with the yield on the 10-year note reaching a new closing low of 1.36% in early July. In the fed futures market, expectations about the timing of the next US interest-rate rise were pushed back significantly, as far as the fourth quarter of 2018 at one point. Comments from Fed officials after the referendum result encompassed a variety of views, as some downplayed the potential for the aftershocks to have much effect on the US economy, and others pointed to a general tightening of financial conditions.

However, June’s strong payroll report did lead to a limited re-evaluation by investors about the shorter end of the Treasury curve. Following the data, fed futures moved to allow a higher possibility of an interest-rate rise before the end of this year, though an increase was still only seen as a 20% chance. Despite

Page 2: A - Perspectiva Económica Global - Julio 2016 - FTI

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Global Economic Perspective

coming in at 53.2, as new orders and exports showed particular strength. Consumer spending remained robust, and retail sales posted another solid gain of 0.5% m/m in May, though slowing from April’s breakneck pace of 1.3% m/m. As a result, most predictions were for second-quarter GDP (gross domestic product) growth to show a marked pickup from its subdued showing during the first three months of this year, with the Atlanta Fed’s GDPNow forecast tracking at 2.4% as at 6 July.

Regardless of the US economy’s strong underpinnings, our sense is neither the Fed nor most market participants are focusing primarily on domestic fundamentals, but instead on the wider and weaker global backdrop. Fixed income markets generally look to be in thrall to the expansive monetary policies of the Fed and other major central banks, and it seems likely US interest rates will remain lower for longer than we had previously anticipated. As the uncertainty engendered by the UK referendum result continues to cast a shadow over parts of the global economy—one that might lengthen if, for example, there were more adverse political surprises—investors will probably keep on seeking out US bonds as a relatively higher-yielding place to put their money.

Effect of UK Poll Result on Global Economy Unclear

The shock of the UK referendum decision and the resulting extremes in bond market pricing across the world were in some ways suggestive of past systemic episodes, such as the 2012 eurozone crisis and the global financial crisis of 2007–2008. Yet although fixed income investors appeared swift to conclude a significant weakening of global economic growth was all but assured, other markets were less reactive, with signs of stress relatively hard to find. Indeed, following the release of the strong US payroll number for June, the S&P 500 rallied to close near a record high, leading to the unusual scenario of simultaneous strength in bond and equity markets.

Currencies, however, did reflect the scramble by investors for perceived havens, and the US dollar rallied sharply following the UK result, eradicating its previous losses in the second quarter on a trade-weighted basis. The Japanese yen remained the haven of choice for many, building on its strong showing so far in 2016 and moving close to the Y100 level against the US dollar. In an indication of the potential for contagion, Mexico’s central bank was forced to raise interest rates to defend the Mexican peso—

the headline monthly payroll number of 287,000 being well ahead of consensus expectations—leaving the three-month rolling average at 147,000—some other parts of the report were more equivocal, notably wage data, in which a monthly increase of 0.1% in average hourly earnings failed to meet expectations, though the annual increase did tick up to 2.6%. The pattern of subdued inflationary pressures was also in evidence in the Fed’s favoured measure, the core personal consumer expenditures price index, which rose 0.2% month-on-month (m/m) and at an annual rate of 1.6%, with the equivalent headline numbers coming in at 0.2% and 0.9%.

2

US Treasury Yields Hit Record Low

Record-low Treasury yields signal the influence of international factors on US market and monetary policy.

“ ”

A survey of chief financial officers (conducted before the UK referendum result) gave mixed messages about the US labour market, with around half reportedly planning to cut hiring or investment due to factors such as political uncertainty ahead of the US election in November. But many other survey respondents mentioned difficulties hiring skilled staff, hinting that wage pressures may soon rise. Elsewhere, other indicators underscored the resilience of the US economy, ahead of the as yet undetermined impact of the UK referendum result. Both of the Institute for Supply Management’s (ISM’s) purchasing managers’ indexes (PMIs) provided encouraging updates. The ISM’s index of services activity rose to a seven-month high of 56.5 in June, up from 52.9 in May and well ahead of consensus expectations. The corresponding index for manufacturing also beat forecasts,

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Daily Yields

Chart 1: 10-Year US Treasury Note 1 January 2014–14 July 2016

Source: Bloomberg.

Page 3: A - Perspectiva Económica Global - Julio 2016 - FTI

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Global Economic Perspective 3

the most liquid and widely traded emerging-market currency—which had weakened as investors fled emerging-market assets in the immediate aftermath of the UK poll.

But in general, riskier asset classes, including those in emerging markets, held up well after an early markdown. An initial spike in risk aversion among investors gave way to a renewed search for performance potential, once it became clear markets had coped with the shock of the UK result and sovereign bond yields were heading even lower. Corporate bonds saw strong inflows, and the dwindling prospect of a rise in US interest rates supported emerging-market assets, as they are seen as likely beneficiaries from capital flows if global monetary policy stays loose. Oil prices at first showed little reaction to the UK vote, remaining close to the US$50 per barrel mark, but they started to lose ground in early July as supply disruptions eased, with figures showing production from OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) reaching an eight-year high in June.

US Treasury market appears to bear little relation to state of US economy: moderate but respectable growth.

“ ”

Risk Aversion Bolsters Japanese Yen

already committed to substantial monetary easing to combat deflationary forces, and those that were not—such as the Fed—now have little incentive to swim against the tide. The forces of populism that have been unleashed since the global financial crisis show little sign of diminishing, raising the possibility of further rejections of the market-friendly orthodoxies of globalisation through the ballot box.

Nevertheless, we would question whether the extraordinary valuation metrics currently found across bond markets—with, for example, both the German and Japanese yield curves largely negative—are justified by the possible outcomes for the global economy. In the aftershock of the United Kingdom’s decision to leave the EU, such valuations seem more driven by a cyclical crisis of confidence—which, in our opinion, should recover at some stage as the most extreme outcomes become less probable—rather than signs of a significant deterioration of fundamentals.

UK Referendum Result Likely to Create Prolonged Uncertainty Across Europe

The decision by UK voters to leave the EU triggered a sharp reaction in European markets, most notably in the country where the referendum took place. UK Gilt yields quickly moved to historic lows, amid widespread predictions that prolonged uncertainty about the timing and manner of the United Kingdom’s eventual exit from the EU would push the country into recession. The British pound fell sharply, slumping to its lowest level against the US dollar in more than 30 years. In an echo of the global financial crisis of 2007–2008, several UK real estate investment funds suspended trading after a wave of redemptions by investors.

But the effects were by no means confined to the United Kingdom, as the prospect of political impasse threatened to significantly undermine confidence across Europe, and particularly within the eurozone. German Bunds were in such demand 10-year Bund yields turned negative and by early July had approached -0.20%. Yields on equivalent-maturity bonds issued by Denmark and the Netherlands also moved into negative territory, while the Swiss government bond market, another area seen by investors as a safe haven, became negative-yielding across all maturities. The UK referendum result led to renewed doubts about the stability of the rest of the EU, and consequently spreads between the debt of most non-core eurozone countries and German Bunds widened, although the general downward pressure on yields lessened the impact of such moves.

However, the state of bond markets did contribute to a widespread selloff of European banking shares in the aftermath of the UK vote, as the drop in interest rates threatened to further undermine banking profits. The falls were greatest among Italian banks, many of which have been struggling under a heavy load of unprovisioned bad loans, a weakness that seemed likely to be

Assessing the way forward is now even more challenging, since the political and economic uncertainty created by the UK referendum result has further obscured the global outlook, although clearly there are few obstacles in the way of lower interest rates. Central banks in many parts of the world were

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USD/JPY

Chart 2: Exchange Rate 1 January 2015–13 July 2016

Source: FactSet.

13/7/16

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Global Economic Perspective 4

highlighted by the European Central Bank (ECB) stress test results due to be released in coming weeks. The deteriorating sentiment surrounding the Italian banking sector increased tension between the Italian government and the EU, with the latter authorising some government measures to assist the short-term liquidity of Italian banks, but firmly resisting any more comprehensive state assistance that might undermine the EU’s new rules aimed at forcing creditors to bear the brunt of rescuing troubled banks. The UK referendum’s shock result also had the effect of increasing the focus on Italy’s forthcoming plebiscite, which is due to take place in October. Italian Prime Minister Matteo Renzi called the poll to gain approval for proposed constitutional reforms and has staked his political reputation on a successful outcome, but after UK voters delivered such a bloody nose to their government, speculation grew about whether another such populist upset could occur in Italy.

With the UK economy struggling to adjust to the changed political and economic landscape, the Bank of England (BoE) was active, making reassuring noises on monetary policy and UK banking liquidity. The ECB kept a lower profile, since the market stresses in the immediate aftermath of the UK result were less striking than many participants had expected. European equity markets sold off but then stabilised fairly quickly, while the euro had a modest fall against the US dollar. The ECB’s recently started purchasing programme and the sharp drop in sovereign yields provided support for euro-denominated corporate bonds, though the UK corporate bond market fared less well.

In terms of monetary policy, we expect the BoE to move into easing mode, though it chose not to do so at its July meeting, but we think the ECB will try to gauge the impact of the UK result, rather than rush to expand or extend its current programme of bond purchases. A cut in ECB policy rates seems unlikely, given the further blow it would deal to investor confidence in the banking sector. Regarding negotiations between the United Kingdom and the EU, they could be extended and painstaking, given the stakes for each party, and both sides seem likely to stick to their entrenched positions. The United Kingdom will probably be reluctant to be forced into an accelerated path to exit the EU, with all the constitutional issues such a move potentially raises, and the EU authorities could take a tough line to discourage other member states that might be questioning their own future within the union, with the additional complications of French and German elections looming in 2017. However, the longer the United Kingdom’s position remains unresolved, the greater the negative impact on both parties could be.

European Banks Under Pressure After UK Decision

The UK referendum result has led to renewed doubts about the stability of the rest of the EU.

“ ”

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Price (USD)

MSCI Europe Banks Index MSCI Europe ex UK Banks Index

Chart 3: European Banking Sector MSCI Europe Banks and MSCI Europe ex UK Banks Indexes 1 January 2015–13 July 2016

Source: Bloomberg.

13/7/16

Page 5: A - Perspectiva Económica Global - Julio 2016 - FTI

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Global Economic Perspective 5

EUROLAND MACROECONOMIC DATA

Abbreviations: Q/Q ar: Quarter-over-quarter annualised rate. Y/Y: Year-over-year. 1. Source: © European Union 1995–2016. 2. Source: Bloomberg. P/E ratios of Dow Jones EURO STOXX 50 Price Index and

Nikkei-225 Stock Average as calculated by Bloomberg. 3. Source: European Central Bank. 4. Source: Economic and Social Research Institute, Cabinet Office, Government of Japan. 5. Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs & Communication, Japan. 6. Source: Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan. 7. Source: Ministry of Finance, Japan. 8. Source: Bank of Japan. 9. Source: Bloomberg Indexes.

JAPAN MACROECONOMIC DATA

Eurozone Real GDP, Y/Y

Source: © European Union 1995–2016, as at March 2016.

Consumer Price Index, Y/Y

Source: © European Union 1995–2016, as at June 2016.

External Trade Balance, GDP

Source: © European Union 1995–2016, as at March 2016.

Japan Real GDP, Q/Q ar

Source: ESRI, Cabinet Office, Government of Japan, as at March 2016.

Consumer Price Index, Y/Y

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan, as at May 2016.

Visible Trade Balance, GDP

Source: Ministry of Finance, Japan and Economic and Social Research Institute, Cabinet Office, Government of Japan, as at March 2016.

FINAL OUTPUT Gross Domestic Product (GDP)4 2Q15 3Q15 4Q15 1Q16 GDP, Q/Q ar (%) -1.7 1.7 -1.8 1.9 Private Consumption, Q/Q ar (%) -1.4 2.0 -2.6 0.8 Fixed Capital Formation, Q/Q ar (%) -4.6 3.2 5.2 -2.6 ECONOMIC INPUTS Feb 16 Mar 16 Apr 16 May 16 Unemployment Rate (%)5 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2 Industrial Production, Y/Y (%)6 -1.2 0.2 -3.3 -0.4 Tertiary Index, Y/Y (%)6 2.5 0.4 0.7 0.7 Corporate Activities 3Q15 4Q15 1Q16 2Q16 Corporate Profit Growth (%)7 9.0 -1.7 -9.3 – Tankan Quarterly Survey (index level)8 12 12 6 6 INFLATION Inflation Indicators5 Feb 16 Mar 16 Apr 16 May 16 Consumer Price Index (CPI), Y/Y (%) 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4 CPI ex-Fresh Food, Y/Y (%) 0.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 FINANCIAL MARKETS2 Mar 16 Apr 16 May 16 Jun 16 Nikkei 225, Trailing P/E Ratio 20.0 19.9 20.6 18.6 3-Month Yield—JGBs (%) -0.119 -0.285 -0.284 -0.273 10-Year Yield—JGBs (%) -0.029 -0.075 -0.105 -0.217 BALANCE OF PAYMENTS Monthly Trade Balance7 Feb 16 Mar 16 Apr 16 May 16 Billion Yen 402 883 697 40 Current Account Balance9 2Q15 3Q15 4Q15 1Q16 % GDP 2.4 2.9 3.3 3.6

-4%

-2%

0%

2%

4%

1Q11 1Q12 1Q13 1Q14 1Q15 1Q16

-1%0%1%2%3%4%

6/11 6/12 6/13 6/14 6/15 6/16CPI Core CPI

0%

1%

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3%

4%

1Q13 1Q14 1Q15 1Q16

-8%-4%0%4%8%

12%

1Q11 1Q12 1Q13 1Q14 1Q15 1Q16

-2%

0%

2%

4%

5/11 5/12 5/13 5/14 5/15 5/16CPI CPI ex Fresh Food

-4%-3%-2%-1%0%1%

1Q13 1Q14 1Q15 1Q16

FINAL OUTPUT Gross Domestic Product (GDP)1 2Q15 3Q15 4Q15 1Q16 GDP, Y/Y (%) 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 Private Consumption, Y/Y (%) 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.7 Gross Fixed Capital Formation, Y/Y (%) 2.6 2.6 3.6 2.9 ECONOMIC INPUTS1 Feb 16 Mar 16 Apr 16 May 16 Retail Sales, Y/Y (%) 2.7 1.7 1.4 1.6 Unemployment Rate (%) 10.3 10.2 10.2 10.1 Industrial Production, Y/Y (%) 0.9 0.2 2.2 0.5 INFLATION & WAGE PRESSURE Inflation Indicators1 Mar 16 Apr 16 May 16 Jun 16 Consumer Price Index (CPI), Y/Y (%) 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 Core CPI, Y/Y (%) 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.9 FINANCIAL MARKETS Mar 16 Apr 16 May 16 Jun 16 Dow Jones EURO STOXX 50 Price Index EUR, Trailing P/E Ratio2

21.82 22.03 22.28 20.84

ECB Refinance Rate (%)3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10-Year Yield—German Bunds (%)2 0.15 0.27 0.14 -0.13 BALANCE OF PAYMENTS1, 3 Trade Balance Jan 16 Feb 16 Mar 16 Apr 16

Billion Euro 5.36 19.01 29.43 27.48

Current Account Balance 2Q15 3Q15 4Q15 1Q16 % GDP 2.7 3.7 4.0 2.3

Past performance does not guarantee future results.

Page 6: A - Perspectiva Económica Global - Julio 2016 - FTI

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Global Economic Perspective 6

US MACROECONOMIC DATA

Abbreviations: Q/Q ar: Quarter-over-quarter annualised rate. Y/Y: Year-over-year. E: Estimate. 1. Source: Bloomberg Economic Forecasts as at 30/6/16. 2. Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis. 3. Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics. 4. Source: Department of Labor. 5. Source: Copyright National Association of REALTORS®. Reprinted with permission. 6. Source: Standard and Poor’s. 7. Source: Federal Reserve. At the 16/12/15 meeting the Federal Reserve raised the

main US interest rate to “a target rate” between 0.25% and 0.50%. 8. Source: Chicago Board of Trade (30-Day Federal Funds Futures Rate for July 2016

and August 2016), as at 30/6/16. 9. Source: US Census Bureau. 10. Source: Bloomberg Indexes. 11. Source: Bloomberg calculations are share-weighted y/y. Estimates as

at 14/7/16.

FINAL OUTPUT Gross Domestic Product (GDP)2 4Q15 1Q16 2Q16E1 3Q16E1 Q/Q ar (%) 1.4 1.1 2.5 2.2 ECONOMIC INPUTS CONSUMPTION/FINAL DEMAND Income/Savings2 Feb 16 Mar 16 Apr 16 May 16 Consumer Spending, Y/Y (%) 3.8 3.3 4.1 3.7 Personal Income, Y/Y (%) 4.2 4.6 4.4 4.0 Savings Rate (%) 5.7 6.0 5.4 5.3 Employment Mar 16 Apr 16 May 16 Jun 16 Unemployment Rate (%)3 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.9 Participation Rate (%)3 63.0 62.8 62.6 62.7 Nonfarm Payrolls (in thousands)3 186 144 11 287 Jobless Claims, 4-wk average (in thousands)4

263 258 277 267

Housing5 Feb 16 Mar 16 Apr 16 May 16 Existing Home Sales (in millions) 5.07 5.36 5.43 5.53 Y/Y Change (%) 2.0 2.1 2.6 4.5 INVESTMENT Corporate Earnings6, 11 4Q15 1Q16 2Q16E 3Q16E Earnings, Y/Y (%) -4.5 -6.7 -5.9 1.7 Production & Utilisation7 Feb 16 Mar 16 Apr 16 May 16 Industrial Production, Y/Y (%) -1.4 -2.0 -1.2 -1.4 Capacity Utilisation (%) 75.6 74.8 75.3 74.9 Nonresidential Fixed Investment2 2Q15 3Q15 4Q15 1Q16 Y/Y (%) 3.8 2.2 1.5 0.0 INFLATION & PRODUCTIVITY Inflation Indicators Feb 16 Mar 16 Apr 16 May 16 Personal Consumption Expenditure (PCE), Y/Y (%)2

1.0 0.8 1.1 0.9

Core PCE, Y/Y (%)2 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 Consumer Price Index (CPI), Y/Y (%)2 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.0 Core CPI, Y/Y (%)3 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.2 Producer Price Index (PPI), Y/Y (%)3 -2.0 -1.9 -1.3 -2.3 Core Producer Prices, Y/Y (%)3 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.6 Productivity3 2Q15 3Q15 4Q15 1Q16 Productivity, Q/Q ar (%) 3.1 2.0 -1.7 -0.6 Unit Labour Costs, Q/Q ar (%) 2.0 0.4 5.4 4.5 FINANCIAL MARKETS Valuation May 16 Jun 16 Jul 16E Aug 16E P/E S&P 5006 19.40 19.46 — — Fed Funds Rate7, 8 0.25 0.25 0.38 0.38 BALANCE OF PAYMENTS US Monthly Trade Deficit2, 9 Feb 16 Mar 16 Apr 16 May 16 Billion USD -44.0 -35.5 -37.4 -41.1 US Current Account Deficit 2Q15 3Q15 4Q15 1Q16 Quarterly (in USD billion)2 -111.9 -123.1 -113.4 -124.7 Annualised (% GDP)10 -2.4 -2.5 -2.6 -2.6

Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Q/Q ar

Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, as at March 2016.

Personal Income & Expenditures, Y/Y

Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, as at May 2016.

Nonfarm Payrolls & Unemployment Rate

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, as at June 2016. All figures seasonally adjusted.

Consumer Price Index, Y/Y

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, as at May 2016.

Productivity & Unit Labour Costs, Q/Q ar

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, as at March 2016.

US Annualised Trade Deficit, GDP

Source: Census Bureau and Bureau of Economic Analysis, as at March 2016.

-4%-2%0%2%4%6%

1Q11 1Q12 1Q13 1Q14 1Q15 1Q16

-4%0%4%8%

12%

5/11 5/12 5/13 5/14 5/15 5/16Consumer Spending Personal Income

4%6%8%10%12%

-2000

200400600

6/11 6/12 6/13 6/14 6/15 6/16

Percent Thousands

Nonfarm Payrolls Net Change Unemployment Rate (Right-Hand Scale)

-1%0%1%2%3%4%

5/11 5/12 5/13 5/14 5/15 5/16CPI Core CPI

-10%-5%0%5%

10%15%

1Q11 1Q12 1Q13 1Q14 1Q15 1Q16Unit Labour Costs Productivity

-4.0%-3.5%-3.0%-2.5%-2.0%

1Q11 1Q12 1Q13 1Q14 1Q15 1Q16

Past performance does not guarantee future results.

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Issued in the U.S. by Franklin Templeton Distributors, Inc., One Franklin Parkway, San Mateo, California 94403-1906, (800) DIAL BEN/342-5236, franklintempleton.com - Franklin Templeton Distributors, Inc. is the principal distributor of Franklin Templeton Investments’ U.S. registered products, which are available only in jurisdictions where an offer or solicitation of such products is permitted under applicable laws and regulation.

Australia: Issued by Franklin Templeton Investments Australia Limited (ABN 87 006 972 247) (Australian Financial Services License Holder No. 225328), Level 19, 101 Collins Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000. Austria/Germany: Issued by Franklin Templeton Investment Services GmbH, Mainzer Landstraße 16, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Authorised in Germany by IHK Frankfurt M., Reg. no. D-F – 125-TMX1-08. Canada: Issued by Franklin Templeton Investments Corp., 5000 Yonge Street, Suite 900 Toronto, ON, M2N 0A7, Fax: (416) 364-1163, (800) 387-0830, www.franklintempleton.ca. Dubai: Issued by Franklin Templeton Investments (ME) Limited, authorised and regulated by the Dubai Financial Services Authority. Dubai office: Franklin Templeton Investments, The Gate, East Wing, Level 2, Dubai International Financial Centre, P.O. Box 506613, Dubai, U.A.E., Tel.: +9714-4284100 Fax:+9714-4284140. France: Issued by Franklin Templeton France S.A., 20 rue de la Paix, 75002 Paris France. Hong Kong: Issued by Franklin

Templeton Investments (Asia) Limited, 17/F, Chater House, 8 Connaught Road Central, Hong Kong. Italy: Issued by Franklin Templeton Italia Sim S.p.A., Corso Italia, 1 – Milan, 20122, Italy. Japan: Issued by Franklin Templeton Investments Japan Limited. Korea: Issued by Franklin Templeton Investment Trust Management Co., Ltd., 3rd fl., CCMM Building, 12 Youido-Dong, Youngdungpo-Gu, Seoul, Korea 150-968. Luxembourg/Benelux: Issued by Franklin Templeton International Services S.à r.l. – Supervised by the Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier - 8A, rue Albert Borschette, L-1246 Luxembourg - Tel: +352-46 66 67-1 - Fax: +352-46 66 76. Malaysia: Issued by Franklin Templeton Asset Management (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. & Franklin Templeton GSC Asset Management Sdn. Bhd. Nordic regions: Issued by Franklin Templeton Investment Management Limited (FTIML), Swedish Branch, Blasieholmsgatan 5, Se-111 48 Stockholm, Sweden. FTIML is authorised and regulated in the United Kingdom by the Financial Conduct Authority and is authorised to conduct certain investment services in Denmark, Sweden, Norway & Finland. Poland: Issued by Templeton Asset Management (Poland) TFI S.A., Rondo ONZ 1; 00-124 Warsaw. Romania: Issued by the Bucharest branch of Franklin Templeton Investment Management Limited, 78-80 Buzesti Street, Premium Point, 7th–8th Floor, 011017 Bucharest 1, Romania. Registered with Romania Financial Supervisory Authority under no. PJM01SFIM/ 400005/14.09.2009, authorised and regulated in the UK by the Financial Conduct Authority. Singapore: Issued by Templeton Asset Management Ltd. Registration No. (UEN) 199205211E. 7 Temasek Boulevard, #38-03 Suntec Tower One, 038987, Singapore. Spain: Issued by the branch of Franklin Templeton Investment Management, Professional of the Financial Sector under the Supervision of CNMV, José Ortega y Gasset 29, Madrid. South Africa: Issued by Franklin Templeton Investments SA (PTY) Ltd which is an authorised Financial Services Provider. Tel: +27 (11) 341 2300 Fax: +27 (11) 341 2301. Switzerland & Liechtenstein: Issued by Franklin Templeton Switzerland Ltd, Stockerstrasse 38, CH-8002 Zurich. UK: Issued by Franklin Templeton Investment Management Limited (FTIML), registered office: Cannon Place, 78 Cannon Street, London, EC4N 6HL. Authorised and regulated in the United Kingdom by the Financial Conduct Authority. Offshore Americas: In the U.S., this publication is made available only to financial intermediaries by Templeton/Franklin Investment Services, 100 Fountain Parkway, St. Petersburg, Florida 33716. Tel: (800) 239-3894 (USA Toll-Free), (877) 389-0076 (Canada Toll-Free), and Fax: (727) 299-8736. Investments are not FDIC insured; may lose value; and are not bank guaranteed. Distribution outside the U.S. may be made by Templeton Global Advisors Limited or other sub-distributors, intermediaries, dealers or professional investors that have been engaged by Templeton Global Advisors Limited to distribute shares of Franklin Templeton funds in certain jurisdictions. This is not an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to purchase securities in any jurisdiction where it would be illegal to do so.

Important data provider notices and terms available at www.franklintempletondatasources.com.