2009falltdm 3 mccall, jack

8/3/2019 2009FallTDM 3 McCall, Jack

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Distance Transmission

Fall EEI Transmission, Distribution, &Metering Conference

cto er 12-14, 200

Kansas City, KS


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Todays Key Energy Challenge: CarryingTodays Key Energy Challenge: Carrying100s of Gigawatts of Green Power to Market100s of Gigawatts of Green Power to Market

Many Issues

Multiple Sources

Many Issues

Multiple Sources

Cost Allocation

Siting

Cost Allocation

Siting

ransm ss on crossInterconnections

Losses

ransm ss on crossInterconnections

Losses

The challenge of moving renewable power long distances needs another option

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Superconductor Electricity PipelineSuperconductor Electricity Pipeline

The Superconductor Electricity Pipeline combines:

With two power system technologies:

Reduced voltage multi-terminal DC power transmission

The result:

A high capacity electric transmission pipeline that is:

Underground and easy to site

g y e c enOffers greater security than other technologies

- -


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Superconductors Change the Game: 150XIncrease in Power Capacity of Wires

Superconductors are the high efficiency optical fibers of power4


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Superconductor Advantages with DC Power

When carrying DC current, superconductors themselvesare erfectl lossless

Regardless of length Regardless of power rating

Benefits

No power limitations based on current-based losses,

Allows underground construction

Su erconductors o en the door for a trueunderground transmission system


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High Voltage AC andLong Distance Transmission

Power Transfer Capabilities of

Old and New Technologies

Superconductor Electricity Pipeline

765 kV Overhead Lines

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Analytical Development of Loadability characteristics for EHV and UHV Transmission Lines, Dunlop, R., Gutman, R., and Marchenko, P.,IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, Vol.PAS-98, No.2 March/April 1979


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and Long Haul Overhead Lines GenerateHeat and Waste Energy

5GW of Renewable Energy

16%

ransm ss on

10%

12%

ses

(Est.)

765kV Overhead Lines

4%

6%

8%

%L

os

0%

2%

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Superconductor Electricity Pipeline

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Note: 765kV overhead line losses based on a variety of two and three 2400MVA SIL line designs using 4-, 6-, and 8-conductor bundlesLosses for Superconductor Electricity Pipeline based on 2% DC converter losses and 35 kW/mile refrigeration losses.


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New Right of Way SolutionNew Right of Way Solution


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Comparison of Transmission Alternatives

SUITABLE TRANSMISSION SOLUTIONS

Overhead Solutions Under round Solutions

AC

Point-to

Point

HVDC

Multi-

terminal

VSC

HVDC AC

Point-to

Point

HVDC

Multi-

terminal

VSC

HVDC

Multi-Terminal

Superconductor

Pipeline

TRANSMISSION LINE POWER AND DISTANCE

REQUIREMENTS

ow ower or m e nes Low Power (5GW) Short (5GW) Moderate (100-400 mile) lines High Power (>5GW) Long (>400 mile) lines

Fit of DC superconductor cables for underground, long distance, high power, multi-terminal transmission

underground, long distance, high power transmission


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Superconductor Electricity Pipeline:National Loop Concept

Superconductor Electricity PipelineAC/DC Converter Stations


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10,000MW in a 3 Foot Gas Pipe

DC Superconductor CableCourtesy of Electric Power Research Institute

11/13/08 11An SC-DC Cable


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Superconductor Electricity Pipelines

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Installation similar to natural gas pipelines


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Rights of Way Already Exist forRights of Way Already Exist forSuperconductor Electricity PipelinesSuperconductor Electricity Pipelines

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Advantages of Superconductor Pipelines

Underground construction with minimum right of wayrequirement

terminals Highest power capacity

technology

Ideal for very long distances Capable of transferring power across the three U.S.

interconnections

Able to accept power from multiple distributed sources, and

precisely deliver power to multiple distributed destinations Minimizes interaction with existing AC grid, reducing costs and

increasing operational flexibility

Superconductor Electricity Pipelines are uniquely and ideally

suited to move renewable energy to distant load centers


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Comparison of a 1,000-Mile, 5 GW Run

Metric DC Superconductor Cable765KV Transmission

Lines

Power Loss(1) 3% Varies with design

Storm/Security Risk Low Higher

Precise Control for Efficient Markets Yes No

Cost Allocation Method Simple Complexrforman

ce

Requires Rebuild of Underlying Grid No Yes

Black Start Capability Yes No

Permanent Right of Way 3 ft. 400-600 ft.

Pe

est et cs os t ve egat ve

Electromagnetic Field None Yes

New Land Required No Yes

2

Sitin

CO2 Emission Savings Per Year(2) 3 million tons n/a

Cost Per Mile(3)$8 million for 5 GW pipe

$13 million fully redundant$9-10 million minimum

Cost

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(1) Cooling and converter stations for DC cable; line and substation losses for 765 kV.(2) Based on generation cost of $0.065 per kW-hr and a 100% load factor.(3) $13 million per mile cable cost based on fully redundant system. 765 kV cost does not include rebuild of underlying grid.


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Superconductor Electricity Pipelines:Superconductor Electricity Pipelines:Lots of Power, Out of Sight and Out of Harms WayLots of Power, Out of Sight and Out of Harms Way

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2009falltdm 3 mccall, jack

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