"בציפייה לגאולה שלמה"

221 221הרב והרבנית גורן | הרב והרבנית גורן |

דמותו של הרב גורןלשיעורי אנגלית

Unit for English Classes in Junior High יחידה 25 |

Unit for English Classes in High School יחידה 26 |

פרק טו

R. Borenstein

R. Borenstein

223 הרב והרבנית גורן |

Rav Shlomo Goren Z”LUnit for English Classes in Junior Highיחידה בנושא דמותו של הרב גורןלשיעורי אנגלית בחטיבת הביניים

R. Borenstein

I II

ם י י נ ב ה ת ב י ט ח ל ת י ל ג נ א ו ת ו מ ד ל - טו פרק

Pre-Reading: You are going to read a biography.A “biography” is a story about a person that someone else wrote. An “autobiography” is a book that a person writes about himself/herself.

Before you read a text, there are lots of parts you can highlight to help you find answers. Try this in other unseens, too.

STEP 1: Read the title – What/Who is the text about?

Step 2: Use a marker to highlight all of the NUMBERS (= How much/How many).

Then use a marker to highlight all of the words that start with a CAPITAL LETTERS IN THE MIDDLE OF A SENTENCE.

Step 3: Underline the words with a translation (תרגום)w.

Step 4: Circle the QUESTION MARKS(?), COMMAS(,) and EXCLAMATION MARKS(!)

Write down THREE numbers from the text and what they refer to:

1. _____________________________________ years old.

2. _____________________________________

3. _____________________________________

How do you say הכותל המערבי in English?

______________________________________________________________________________

25 ChildhoodShlomo Gorenchick was born in Poland in 1918. His family made Aliyah to Israel when he was 7 years old. His father was a pioneer and worked very hard in farming. As a child, Shlomo ,)חלוץ(preferred to work with his father instead of going to school. A few years later the family moved to Jerusalem, and Shlomo went to yeshiva where he learned Torah and started learning on his own. He was so smart that when he was 12 years old, he joined Yeshivat Chevron, a yeshiva for older boys, and became a rabbi when he was only seventeen years old!

The War of IndependenceIn 1948, the War of Independence began. Even though Rav Shlomo Gorenchick was a student in university, he wanted to take part in the fights which were taking place in Jerusalem. He was told by the “Hagganah”: “You are a rabbi. You don’t have to fight”, but he refused to listen. Later he joined the “Lechi” underground organization (מחתרת) and became a guard in one of the army posts in Jerusalem. Since he was a rabbi and a soldier, he also had to think about Jewish laws (הלכות). For example, he had to decide what the army should do on Shabbat during the fighting.

222

Fighting TogetherAfter the War of independence, Prime Minister David Ben Gurion asked Rav Gorenchik to become the chief rabbi (the “Chaplain”) of the new Israeli army. Ben Gurion told him that he must change his name and make it more Israeli. That is why we know him by the name

“Rav Shlomo Goren”.

Rav Goren wanted all Jews to be able to join the army and fight side by side. For this to be possible he wanted all army units to have kosher food for everyone and synagogues )בתי כנסת) on the army bases. He also made a special siddur so that Ashkenazi and Sephardi soldiers could pray together in the army.

In 1953, there were no religious paratroopers (צנחנים), so the unit, led by Ariel Sharon, did not have kosher food for the soldiers. Ariel Sharon told Rav Goren that once there was even one religious soldier in the unit, they would make the kitchen kosher for everyone. Rav Goren saw it as a challenge (אתגר), trained to be a paratrooper, and even jumped out of an airplane with a parachute so that Ariel Sharon would make it possible for religious soldiers )חיילים דתיים) to join the paratrooper unit!

ם י י נ ב ה ת ב י ט ח ל ת י ל ג נ א ו ת ו מ ד ל - טו פרק

The Six Day WarDuring the years 1948-1967 Jerusalem was divided and Jews could not get to the Old City and to the Western Wall ( המערבי .(הכותל During those 19 years, Rav Goren lived in Jerusalem and dreamed of the day he could go to the Western wall and pray there. Finally, in the Six Day War in 1967, Rav Goren was one of the first to reach the Temple Mount, blew a Shofar with the soldiers at the Kotel, and said “Shehechiyanu” ( Later that day, he was also the first person .(שהחיינוto go to the Tomb of Rachel (רחל and Me’arat HaMachpela (קבר .(מערת המכפלה)

Special Facts After 23 years in the army, Rabbi Goren became the chief rabbi of Tel Aviv (1971–תשל”א), and a year later, he became the chief Ashkenazi rabbi of Israel. Rav Ovadia Yosef was the chief Sephardi rabbi. In 1961, he won the Israel Prize for Rabbinic Literature (תורנית (ספרות because he wrote so many important books about Jewish law.

III IV

225 הרב והרבנית גורן |

Reading ComprehensionDivide the class into groups. Each group should read one paragraph.

Answer the question: What do YOU think is special about Rav Goren in the paragraph you read?

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Reading Comprehension QuestionsParagraph 1 - Childhood

1. How do we learn that Shlomo Gorenchik was a very smart child?

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2. Was he always a good student in school? Yes / No (Circle the correct answer).

Find the words in the text that helped you answer the question.

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2 – A Brave Man

1. Which TWO groups did Rav Goren join so he could fight the enemies?

a. ____________________________________________________________________________

b. ____________________________________________________________________________

1. Why didn’t Rav Goren have to be a soldier? Complete the sentence:

The Hagganah told Rav Goren he didn’t need to fight because ______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 3 – Fighting Together

1. Who was the commander of the paratroopers (הצנחנים)?

_______________________________________________________________________________

2. Why did Rav Goren jump out of a plane with a parachute? _______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

3. What does a Jewish army need so that everyone can serve together? List 3 things:

a.________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

b._______________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

c._______________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

4. What else do YOU think there should be in the army for Jewish soldiers?

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

V VI

ם י י נ ב ה ת ב י ט ח ל ת י ל ג נ א ו ת ו מ ד ל - טו פרק

224

The Six Day War

1. Name 2 famous sites (אתרים) where Rav Goren went to during the Six Day War in 1967 ( :(תשכ”ז

_______________________________________________________________________________

Special Facts

1. Rav Goren was a very special rabbi. He wrote many books about Jewish law and ideas, and he was also a chief rabbi. Put these events in the correct order.

☐RavGorenbecamethechiefrabbiofTelAviv.

☐RavGorenwontheIsraelPrizeforwritingimportantbooks.

☐RavGorenbecamethechiefAshkenazirabbiofIsrael.

Your turn: Find expressions in the article with the word “take”:

1. _______________________________________________________________________________

2. _______________________________________________________________________________

Here a few more. What do they mean?

a. Take over - b. Take off - c. Take place -

Post Reading Activity

This activity is meant to promote reading and oral skills.

Divide the class into different groups. Each group will get another short piece of information about Rav Goren. This can also be done as

VII VIII

a class.

Material: Power point/Print in Advance into Cards

Each group must read the story (5 minutes). Give the group 5 – 10 minutes to prepare a skit. This allows the outgoing and shy students to take part. One person should be the narrator who reads the story and introduces it.

Examples:

a. At the Kotel, the secondary actors can be the soldiers/ Motta Gur etc.

b. In the Tel Aviv synagogue, the secondary actors are the children waiting for chocolate.

c. When Rav Goren needed to jump from rock to rock, he was with the Jordanian Legion soldiers trying to enter Gush Etzion after it was destroyed in 1948. You can discuss the destruction of the gush and the rebuilding of it since 1967.

ם י י נ ב ה ת ב י ט ח ל ת י ל ג נ א ו ת ו מ ד ל - טו פרק

227 הרב והרבנית גורן | ם י י נ ב ה ת ב י ט ח ל ת י ל ג נ א ו ת ו מ ד ל - טו פרק

A

B D

C

Junior High School

226

I II

ה נ ו י ל ע ה ה ב י ט ח ל ת י ל ג נ א ו ת ו מ ד ל - טו פרק

Rav Shlomo Goren Z”L Unit for English Classes in High Schoolיחידה בנושא דמותו של הרב גורן לשיעורי אנגלית בתיכון )כיתות ט’-יב’(

R. Borenstein

Pre-Reading: You are going to read a biography.A “biography” is a story about a person that someone else wrote. An “autobiography” is a book that a person writes about himself/herself.

Before reading a text , there many parts you can highlight to help you find answers. Try this in other unseens , too.

STEP 1: Read the title – What/Who is the text about?

Step 2: Use a marker to highlight all of the NUMBERS (=How much/How many).

Then use a marker to highlight all of the words that start with a CAPITAL LETTERS IN THE MIDDLE OF A SENTENCE.

Step 3: Underline the words with a translation (תרגום).

Step 4: Circle the QUESTION MARKS (?), COMMAS (,) and EXCLAMATION MARKS (!)

Write down THREE numbers from the text and what they refer to:

1. _______________________ years old.

2. _________________________

3. _________________________

How do you say הכותל המערבי in English? ____________________________

26ChildhoodShlomo Gorenchick was born in Poland in 1918. His family made Aliyah to Israel when he was 7 years old. His father was a pioneer (חלוץ), one of the founders of “Kfar Chasiddim” and worked hard in farming and agriculture. As a child, Shlomo preferred joining his father in the farm instead of going to school. A few years later the family moved to Jerusalem, and Shlomo was sent to yeshiva where he began to study Torah intensively and started learning on his own in his free time. He was so intelligent that when he was 12 years old, he joined Yeshivat Chevron (which was meant for older youth) and became a rabbi when he was only seventeen years old!

War of IndependenceIn 1948, during Israel’s War of Independence, Jerusalem was under siege Even though Rav Shlomo Gorenchick was a full time scholar, he wanted to take part in the battles which were going on in Jerusalem. He was told by the “Hagganah” underground organization: “You are a rabbi. You don’t have to participate”. However, he replied that he wanted to fight against the enemy and free the country so that the Jews could live as a nation. Later he joined the “Lechi” underground organization, was armed (חמוש), and then stationed as a guard in one of the army posts in Jerusalem. Being both a Rabbi and a soldier, he also had to consider Jewish laws. For example, he had to make decisions such as what the army should do in issues related to keeping Shabbat during the fighting.

229 הרב והרבנית גורן | ה נ ו י ל ע ה ה ב י ט ח ל ת י ל ג נ א ו ת ו מ ד ל - טו פרק

III IV

Creating UnityAfter the War of independence was over, Prime Minister David Ben Gurion asked Rav Gorenchik to become the chief rabbi (the

“Chaplain”) of the new Israeli army. First, Ben Gurion told him that he had to change his name and make it more Israeli. That is why we know him by the name “Rav Shlomo Goren”.

Rav Goren wanted all Jews to be able to join the army and fight side by side. To make this possible he wanted to make sure that all army units would have kosher food for everyone and that there would be synagogues on the army bases. He also composed a special version of the siddur so that Ashkenazi and Sephardi soldiers could pray together in the army.

In 1953, there were no religious paratroopers (צנחנים), so the unit, led by Ariel Sharon, did not offer kosher food to the soldiers. Ariel Sharon told Rav Goren that once there was even one religious soldier in the unit, the entire kitchen would be made kosher for all of the soldiers. Rav Goren took the challenge upon himself, participated in the paratrooper course, and jumped out of an airplane with a parachute

so that Ariel Sharon would make it possible for religious soldiers to join the paratrooper unit!

The Six Day WarDuring the years 1948-1967 Jerusalem was divided and Jews could not reach the Old City, including the Western Wall ( המערבי .(הכותל Throughout those 19 years, Rav Goren lived in Jerusalem and waited for the day when he would be able to go to the Western Wall and pray there. Finally, in the Six Day War in 1967, Rav Goren was one of the first to reach the Temple Mount, blew a Shofar with the soldiers at the Kotel, and said the blessing of “Shehechiyanu” (שהחינו). Later that day, he was also the first person to go to the Tomb of Rachel (קבר רחל) and Me’arat HaMachpela.

Special Facts After serving as the chief rabbi of the army for 23 years, Rabbi Goren became the chief rabbi of Tel Aviv (1971 תשל”א) and a year later, he became the chief Ashkenazi rabbi of Israel, alongside Rav Ovadia Yosef who was the chief Sephardi rabbi. In 1961, he won the Israel Prize for Rabbinic Literature (תורנית because he wrote so many (ספרות significant books about Jewish law.

228

Reading ComprehensionDivide the class into groups. Each group should read one paragraph.

Answer the question: What do YOU think is unique about Rav Goren in the paragraph you read?

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Reading Comprehension QuestionsParagraph 1 - Childhood

1. How do we learn that Shlomo Gorenchik was an intelligent child?

__________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2. Was he always a good student in school? Yes / No (Circle the correct answer).

Find the words in the text that helped you answer the question.

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2 – A Brave Man

3. Which TWO organizations did Rav Goren join so he could fight the enemy?

a. _______________________________________________________________________________

b. _______________________________________________________________________________

4. Why coud Rav Goren have avoided going to war? Complete the sentence:

The Hagganah told Rav Goren he could be excused from fighting

since ___________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 3 – Fighting Together

5. Who was the commander of the paratroopers (הצנחנים)?

__________________________________________________________________________________

6. What was Rav Goren’s aim by jumping out of a plane with a parachute?

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

V VI

ה נ ו י ל ע ה ה ב י ט ח ל ת י ל ג נ א ו ת ו מ ד ל - טו פרק

230

A

B D

C

High School

ה נ ו י ל ע ה ה ב י ט ח ל ת י ל ג נ א ו ת ו מ ד ל - טו פרק