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Topics CoveredColors

Ways to Get Motivated When You

Feel Like Doing Nothing

Photography

Hackers

Chocolate

What Makes 12 to 24-Year-Olds

Happy

Tips to Rejuvenate Your Creativity

Blue Perries

Reading

New Electronic Inventions

These 10 Habits Mean You’re a Lik-

able Person

Reasons Why Introverts Are Incredibly

Attractive People

Katy Perry

Mahmoud Darwish

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Color in the eye Normalized typical human cone cell responses (S,M, and L types) to monochromatic spectral stimuli The ability of the human eye to distinguish colors is based upon the varying sensitivity of different cellsin the retina to light of different wavelengths. Hu- mans being trichromatic, the retina contains three types of color receptor cells, or cones. One type,relatively distinct from the other two, is most re-sponsive to light that we perceive as blue or blue-

violet, with wavelengths around 450 nm; cones of this type are sometimes called short-wavelength cones, S cones, or blue cones. The other two typesare closely related genetically and chemically: mid-

dle-wavelength cones, M cones, or green cones aremost sensitive to light perceived as green, with wave-

lengths around 540 nm, while the long-wavelength cones, L cones, or red cones, are most sensitive to

light we perceive as greenish yellow, with wavelengths.around 570 nm

Light, no matter how complex its composition of wave- lengths, is reduced to three color components by the eye.

For each location in the visual field, the three types of conesyield three signals based on the extent to which each is stimu-

lated. These amounts of stimulation are sometimes called tris-.timulus values

The response curve as a function of wavelength varies for each type of cone. Because the curves overlap, some tristimulus values

do not occur for any incoming light combination. For example, it is not possible to stimulate only the mid-wavelength (so-called “green”)

cones; the other cones will inevitably be stimulated to some degree at the same time. The set of all possible tristimulus values determines the

human color space. It has been estimated that humans can distinguish roughly 10 million different colors.The other type of light-sensitive cell in

the eye, the rod, has a different response curve. In normal situations, when light is bright enough to strongly stimulate the cones, rods play virtually norole in vision at all On the other hand, in dim light, the cones are understimu-

lated leaving only the signal from the rods, resulting in a colorless response.(Furthermore, the rods are barely sensitive to light in the “red” range.) In cer-

tain conditions of intermediate illumination, the rod response and a weak coneresponse can together result in color discriminations not accounted for by cone re-

sponses alone. These effects, combined, are summarized also in the Kruithof curve, that describes the change of color perception and pleasingness of light as function of.temperature and intensity

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Even the most ambitious, motivated people occasion- ally have difficulties getting things done. The good news is that we can often discover why we’re in a slump. Even better, there are ways to get out of the.slump and get motivated again

Here’s 6 ways to get motivated when you feel like do-.ing nothingFigure out why you’re in a slump:Here are some of the reasons you may be in a slump You’re dreading something you know you need to do. You’re procrastinating getting things done because.you are totally loathing an upcoming task You’re tired. You’ve been lacking good nutrition, sleep, exercise, or have been ill and overall don’t feel.well You’re lacking confidence. You are scared to get .out of your comfort zone and do something You’re in the middle of a project. You’ve gotten past the excitement at the beginning, and you’re notyet near the end. You’re in the difficult part – the mid-.dle

When you’re dreading something, make italmost impossible to NOT do the task For example, if you know you want to workout in the morning, try placing your workout clothes next to your bed so they’re the first thing you see when you wake up. Also, call a friend and make plans to meetthem at the gym in the morning. Having an accounta-.bility partner will increase your likelihood of success.When you’re tired, take care of your body .3 Some days, you might need restOther days, your body might need exercise. Some days, you just may need to get away from your desk and get some fresh air. Think about how your habits have been recently. Have you been getting adequate rest? Have you been choosing healthy foods and beverages? Have you had a recent illness that has left you feeling rundown? Think about how you’ve been treating your body. Taking great care of your body may help youget out of your slump

. When you’re lacking confidence, think .about WHY you’re doubting your capa�bilities

Are you struggling with negative thinking? Has there been a recent negative comment or event inyour life that has been bothering you? Are you com-paring yourself to other people? When you’re strug-gling with negative thinking, give yourself a compli-.ment, or do something fun to rejuvenate your joyWhen you’re in the middle of your jour�ney, persevere When you set out to achieve a big goal, it’s usually pretty easy to be very motivated at the beginning. At the beginning, you think about the end result, and you are full of anticipation and enthusiasm. It’s also pretty easy to be motivated at the end of a long journey. Once the end is in sight, the excitement of.seeing the finish line can propel you forwardRemember that the slump won’t last for� . ever, and take action immediately to startgetting out of it

Start moving forward with tiny little steps. Remem- ber that perseverance can make a huge difference in your success. Remember that success is a wild journey with many bumps and bends in the road, and not typically the straight line that people envision. Remember that moving forward when you’re not feeling motivated helps you push through your fears, get out of your comfort zone, and win the mental battles you have with yourself. Each step you takeduring the difficult times helps you feel more con- fident and capable, and gives you the momentum to.continue to move out of your slump

Ways to Get Motivated When You Feel

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Katheryn Elizabeth Hudson (born October 25, 1984), known professionally as Katy Perry, is anAmerican singer, songwriter, and actress. After sing- ing in church during her childhood, she pursued a career in gospel music as a teenager. Perry signed with Red Hill Records and released her debut studio album Katy Hudson under her birth name in 2001, which was commercially unsuccessful. She moved to Los Angeles the following year to venture into secular music after Red Hill ceased operations. After adopting the stage name Katy Perry and being dropped by The Island Def Jam Music Group and Columbia Records, she signed a recording contract.with Capitol Records in April 2007

Perry rose to fame in 2008 with the release of thesingles “I Kissed a Girl” – which sparked contro- versy for its homosexual themes – and “Hot n Cold” from her second album, a pop rock record titled One of the Boys. Her third album, Teenage Dream (2010), ventured into disco, and contained the U.S.Billboard Hot 100 chart-topping singles “Califor-

nia Gurls”, “Teenage Dream”, “Firework”, “E.T.”, and “Last Friday Night (T.G.I.F.)” as well as the number-three single “The One That Got Away”. The album became the first by a female artist to produce five number-one Billboard Hot 100 songs, and the second overall after Michael Jackson’s album Bad. In March 2012, she re-issued the album as Teenage Dream: The Complete Confection, which producedthe songs “Part of Me” and “Wide Awake Perry has received many awards, including four Guinness World Records, and been included in the Forbes list of “Top-Earning Women In Music” (2011–15). Throughout her career, she has sold 11 million albums and 81 million singles worldwide. Perry has also made celebrity endorsements and released the perfumes Purr, Meow!, Killer Queen,and Mad Potion. In July 2012, she released an au- tobiographical documentary titled Katy Perry: Part of Me, which concentrated on her life as a touring artist and the dissolution of her brief marriage to English actor and comedian Russell Brand in the early 2010s. 5 Struggles Only Highly Intelligent

Katy Perry

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DescriptionControl The position of a viewed object or the adjustment of an optical device necessary

]to produce a clear image: in focus; out of focus.]33Focus

Adjustment of the lens opening, measured as f-number, which controls the amount of light passing through the lens. Aperture also has an effect on depth of field and diffraction – the higher the f-number, the smaller the opening, the less light, the greater the depth of field, and the more the diffraction blur. The focal.length divided by the f-number gives the effective aperture diameter

Aperture

Adjustment of the speed (often expressed either as fractions of seconds or as an angle, with mechanical shutters) of the shutter to control the amount of time during which the imaging medium is exposed to light for each exposure. Shutter speed may be used to control the amount of light striking the image plane; ‹faster› shutter speeds (that is, those of shorter duration) decrease both the amount of light and the amount of image blurring from motion of the subject and/or camera. Theslower shutter speeds allow for long exposure shots that are done used to photo-.graph images in very low light, including the images of the night sky

Shutter speed

On digital cameras, electronic compensation for the color temperature associated with a given set of lighting conditions, ensuring that white light is registered assuch on the imaging chip and therefore that the colors in the frame will ap- pear natural. On mechanical, film-based cameras, this function is served by the operator›s choice of film stock or with color correction filters. In addition to usingwhite balance to register natural coloration of the image, photographers may em-

ploy white balance to aesthetic end, for example white balancing to a blue object.in order to obtain a warm color temperature

White balance

Measurement of exposure so that highlights and shadows are exposed accord- ing to the photographer›s wishes. Many modern cameras meter and set exposure automatically. Before automatic exposure, correct exposure was accomplishedwith the use of a separate light metering device or by the photographer›s knowl-

edge and experience of gauging correct settings. To translate the amount of lightinto a usable aperture and shutter speed, the meter needs to adjust for the sensitiv- ity of the film or sensor to light. This is done by setting the «film speed» or ISO.sensitivity into the meter

Metering

Traditionally used to «tell the camera» the film speed of the selected film on film cameras, film speed numbers are employed on modern digital cameras as an indication of the system›s gain from light to numerical output and to control the automatic exposure system. Film speed is usually measured via the ISO system. The higher the film speed number the greater the film sensitivity to light, whereas with a lower number, the film is less sensitive to light. A correct combination of film speed, aperture, and shutter speed leads to an image that is neither too dark.nor too light, hence it is ‹correctly exposed›, indicated by a centered meter

Film speed

Camera controls In all but certain specialized cameras, the process of obtaining a usable exposure must involve the use, manually or automatically, of a few controls to ensure the photograph is clear, sharp and wellilluminated. The controls usually include but are not limited to the following

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Hackers

A

hackerr is someone who seeks and exploitsweaknesses in a computer system or computer net- work. Hackers may be motivated by a multitude ofreasons, such as profit, protest, challenge, enjoy-

ment,]1] or to evaluate those weaknesses to assist in removing them. The subculture that has evolved around hackers is often referred to as the computer]underground.]2

TechniquesVulnerability scanner

A vulnerability scanner is a tool used to quickly check computers on a network for known weaknesses. Hackers

also commonly use port scanners. These check to see whichports on a specified computer are “open” or available to ac-

cess the computer, and sometimes will detect what program or service is listening on that port, and its version number.

(Firewalls defend computers from intruders by limiting access(.to ports and machines, but they can still be circumvented

Brute-force attack Password guessing. This method is very fast when used to check

all short passwords, but for longer passwords other methods such as the dictionary attack are used, because of the time a brute-force.search takes

Password cracking Password cracking is the process of recovering passwords from data that has been stored in or transmitted by a computer system. Common approach-es include repeatedly trying guesses for the password, trying the most com-mon passwords by hand, and repeatedly trying passwords from a “diction-.ary”, or a text file with many passwords

Packet analyzer A packet analyzer (“packet sniffer”) is an application that captures data packets, which can be used to capture passwords and other data in transit.over the network

Spoofing attack (phishing)A spoofing attack involves one program, system or website that success-

fully masquerades as another by falsifying data and is thereby treated as a trusted system by a user or another program — usually to fool programs, systems or users into revealing confidential information, such as user names.and passwords

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they want you to know when they want you to know it. Usually, introverts are experts in letting little bits of information out that are intended to pique the curiosity of someone they’re interested in. Introverts are great social fishermen. Because they’re moreinclined to have fewer, yet more intimate connec- tions, this trail of information is to not only designed to attract someone, but as a test to see if the person they’re attempting to attract is worth the emotional investment. Creating this challenge ensures that the introvert is that much more attractive. The joy is in the pursuit, and the introvert knows how to make the.reward bigger than you imagineThey Take Care Of Themselves Overall, the introvert doesn’t want to draw unwanted attention to themselves. They prefer to blend in with whatever crowd they happen to find themselves in. However, introverts leave clues. As they tend tospend more time in solitude than in crowds, intro-verts are meticulous in how they take care of them-

selves. You’ll often see them with their hair neat and styled, their nails are trimmed, they smell good, and their clothing fits them perfectly. Introverts often.look and dress like a model without all the flashThey Take Care Of OthersBecause they know what it is like to be on the out-

side looking in, introverts are great at taking care of those they care about. They have a generous spirit, and tend to embrace genuine altruism. They’re the ones that will bring you a cup of tea every morning, bring you soup when you’re sick, and offer to watch your house when you’re on vacation. The truly generous, those who give without the expectation of receiving in return, are beautiful people inside and.outThey Know Themselves There’s something to be said about someone who is secure in who they are. Introverts know what they like and don’t like. They are deeply connected with their values and know what they want to get out of life. Such strong self confidence makes one more.attractive, sophisticated, and desirableThey Are Easy To Be Around Introverts avoid the spotlight like vampires avoid sunlightThey Are Loyal

They’re Deep Thinkers Introverts are notoriously ‘in their own head’ much of the time. For most introverts, it’s a safe place to be. Inside their heads, they engage in deep conversations, ruminate about life, the universe, and everything, and take the time to really reflect on all that’s going on in the world around them. When an introvert speaks, it’s almost guaranteed that they have spent many hours thinking about the subject, forming their opinions, and.carefully choosing the words they wish to useThey Have More Intimate Connections It takes something special for an introvert to bring you into their world. When they do, you can bet that they believe you’re someone special. By bringing down barriers, an introvert is letting you know they’reinterested in connecting with you beyond a superfi- cial level. They’re displaying a level of intimacy and.vulnerability that not many people get to seeThey’re Great Listeners Everyone dreams of having that partner with whom they can just talk about everything and nothing forhours on end. Someone who listens and really under-stands what is in your heart. This is one of the intro-

vert’s superpowers. They love to listen and if you’re looking for advice or support, what they will offer issomething they’re giving just to you, and that’s valu-.able beyond measureThey’re Mysterious Think Gatsby. In a crowd, they’re the ones hovering around the outside, watching, observing, usually with a sly smile and a devious look on their face. If it’s their party, they’re making sure everyone is having a good time, floating from group to group, never staying in one place too long. They’re around long enough so you know they’re there, but not long enough for you to know much about them. They’re not flirting with every face they see. They’re not bragging, boasting, or showing off. They’re in absolute control of their mood, their emotions, and even their body language. Yet, somehow, they manage to attract people to them. Their mysteriousness is magnetic, and it leaves people.wondering just what it is they haveThey’re A ChallengeJust about everyone loves a challenge. While extro-verts lay it all out there for other people to see, intro-

verts, being more guarded, let you know exactly what

Reasons Why Introverts Are IncrediblyAttractive People

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Chocolate Chocolate Listeni/ˈtʃɒkᵊlət/ is a typically sweet, usually brown, food preparation of Theobroma cacao seeds, roasted and ground, often flavored, as with vanilla. It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods. Cacao has been cultivated by many

cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica. The earliest evidence of use traces to the Mo- kaya (Mexico and Guatemala), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BC.]1]

In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs,[2] who made it into a beverage known as xocolātl Nahuatl pronunciation: [ʃoˈkolaːt͡ ɬ], a

Nahuatl word meaning «bitter water». The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste.and must be fermented to develop the flavor After fermentation, the beans are dried, cleaned, and roasted. The shell is removed to

produce cacao nibs, which are then ground to cocoa mass, pure chocolate in rough form. Because the cocoa mass is usually liquefied before being molded with or without other ingredients, it is called chocolate liquor. The liquor also may be processed into two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter. Unsweetened baking chocolate (bitter chocolate) contains primarily cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions.Much of the chocolate consumed today is in the form of sweet chocolate, a combi-

nation of cocoa solids, cocoa butter or other fat, and sugar. Milk chocolate is sweet chocolate that additionally contains milk powder or condensed milk. White chocolate.contains cocoa butter, sugar, and milk, but no cocoa solids

Cocoa solids are a source of flavonoids[3] and alkaloids, such as theobromine, phenethyl-]amine and caffeine.]4

Chocolate has become one of the most popular food types and flavors in the world, and avast number of foodstuffs involving chocolate have been created, particularly desserts includ-

ing cakes, pudding, mousse, chocolate brownies, and chocolate chip cookies. Many candies are filled with or coated with sweetened chocolate, and bars of solid chocolate and candy bars coated in chocolate are eaten as snacks. Gifts of chocolate molded into different shapes (e.g., eggs, hearts) have become traditional on certain Western holidays, such as Easter and Valentine›s Day. Chocolate is also used in cold and hot beverages such as chocolate milk

.and hot chocolate and in some alcoholic drinks, such as creme de cacao Although cocoa originated in the Americas, in the 2000s, Western Africa produces

almost two-thirds of the world›s cocoa, with Ivory Coast growing almost half of it. In the 2000s, concerns about the use of child labor and the human trafficking and

.slavery of child laborers in African cocoa cultivation have been raisedTypes

Types of chocolate Chocolate is commonly used as a coating for various fruits.such as cherries and/or fillings, such as liqueurs

Disk of chocolate (about 4cm in diameter), as sold in CentralAmerica, for making hot cocoa. Note that the chocolate pic-

tured here is soft, can easily be crumbled by hand, and already.has sugar addedSeveral types of chocolate can be distinguished. Pure, unsweet-

ened chocolate contains primarily cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions. Much of the chocolate consumed today is in the form of sweet chocolate, combining chocolate with sugar.

Milk chocolate is sweet chocolatethat additionally con- tains milk powder or condensed milk. In the U.K. and Ireland, milk chocolate must contain a minimum of 20% total dry cocoa solids; in the rest of the European Union, the minimum is 25%.]29] “Whitechoc- olate” contains cocoa butter, sugar, and milk, but no cocoa solids. Chocolate contains

alkaloids such as theo- bromine mans,

but the

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We figured that friends and technology would be important to this group. But how did they feel about religion, their parents,fame, and money? We began reading eve� rything we could on the topic, and then the.real research startedThe Findings: Future of Youth Happiness Religion à la Carte Youth will increasingly seek happiness via spirituality and faith. “I’m not religious, but having spiritual life is important,” says Steven B., 21, of Atlanta. “There needs to be a purpose for life. If I didn’t have it, I “.don’t know where I’d be Parents Needed. Despite minor annoyances, youth will continue to depend on parents as a vital source of security and happiness. Nearly half of the respondents mentioned.at least one of their parents as a hero Money Matters. Money is increasingly seen by youth as a means rather than an end. Relative wealth and status are more important than absolute. Seventy�three percent say the kind of stuff they have makes them happy. Sixty�nine percent say they want to be rich, but 51 percent say it is not at all likely or not too likely that they.will actually be richAlmost Famous. Youth, especially young� er people, fantasize about fame, but are savvy enough to know it is unlikely and most will settle for a good career. “I want tobe famous or a skater or a basketball play� er, but I don’t think it will happen,” says .Nik O., 12, of PhoenixAll About Me No Body’s Perfect. Body image and traditional routes to good health will be

important aspects of happiness for many youth. “Atmy school, skin�ny is what eve� ryone’s trying to be,” says VanessaA., 13, of Phila� delphia. “People make fun of fat and also ofthe skin�and�“.bones look Money Matters My

Life, My Time, My Way Take Control. Youth will take control of their own happiness. Ninety�one percentsay they have goals for the future (81 per�

cent have career/work goals; 64 percent education; 62 percent family; 63% money, 48 percent travel; and 17 percent sports;.(while 12 percent are hoping for fame .No Challenge Too Extreme Virtual Community Tech Me. Technology will be important for staying in touch and for the pleasure of the moment. Thirty�seven percent of youths polled say they play videogames to stop unhappiness, and 61 percent say technology helps them make new friends. In the 24 hours before the survey, half of the respondents said they had sent a text message; 71 percent said they received.oneVirtual & F2F

What Makes 12 to 24-Year-Olds Happy

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Fear

Fear is a feeling induced by perceived danger or threat that occurs in certain types of organisms, which causes a change in metabolic and organ functions and ultimately a change in behavior, such as fleeing, hiding, or freezing from perceived traumatic events. Fear in human beings may occur in response to a specific stimulus occurring in the present, or in anticipation or expectation of a future threat perceived as a risk to body or life. The fear response arises from the perception of danger leading to confrontation with or escape from/avoiding the threat (also known as the fight-or-flight response), which in extreme.cases of fear (horror and terror) can be a freeze response or paralysis In humans and animals, fear is modulated by the process of cognition and learning. Thus fear is judged.as rational or appropriate and irrational or inappropriate. An irrational fear is called a phobia

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People Suffer FromProductivity Successby Johnson Kee

Highly intelligent people might seem to have it better through life, but this isn’t always the case. There areseveral difficulties and challenges only they will expe-

rience. Due to how they are raised and develop, they.can also feel isolated

Here are the top five struggles only highly intelligent.people suffer fromThey Are Under More Pressure To Succeed

When someone’s intelligent, they tend to feel superior to other people. They can see and understand things that people around them can’t perceive. They become starkly aware of the direction their lives are headed and feel that it should head in a different directionthan everyone else. These things include having a bet-.ter career, more money and better relationships

If anything they do doesn’t contribute to being more successful, they feel like they are doing themselves a disservice. The pressure they put on themselves grows. If their life doesn’t take the path they think it.deserves, they criticize and attack themselvesThey Find It Harder To Make Friends

Intelligent people seek other intelligent people to befriend. When intelligent people meet someone new, they ask clever, seemingly innocent questions that help them identify whether the person is someone worthy of their friendship. Even if a potential friend has much to offer or similar interests, an intelligent person may be quick to blow him or her off if the person doesn’t display a level of insight into the world.that matches theirs

This means intelligent people tend to be lonely. They become used to being alone and find solace in their work. While this means they dedicate more time to making breakthroughs in their field, they are at risk of

.developing depressionThey Suffer Paralysis By Analysis

Intelligent people like to be aware of all the pros and cons before making a decision. Knowing these can often stop them from making a decision altogether. That’s because they over-analyze and let potential “what if” scenarios get the better of them. This mayalso be because many intelligent people are perfec- tionists and just want to make sure they get the best.possible result

If they are leading a team or organization, this combines for potentially disastrous effects. Imagine: you’re responsible for making the final call on the direction your company is going to take, but you.can’t decide on what the core values should be

.This can be frustrating and cripplingThey Are Trapped By Their Intelligence

There are several instances of intelligent people feeling helplessly trapped by their intelligence. For example, intelligent people don’t typically have trouble understanding anything. If they attempt to teach someone and the person doesn’t understand,they can’t proceed. They find it difficult to empa-.thize and lack desire to help others understand

Additionally, others may resent intelligent people.Anything the intelligent person says sounds preten- tious, when really, they’re just stating the facts. This.make socializing unnecessarily hardThey Find It Harder To Be Happy

Intelligent people feel cursed by their intelligence. They often think about the saying, “ignorance isbliss” and wonder if it would be better if they sim- ply weren’t so smart. But by pretending to not be so intelligent, they feel like they’re not being true to themselves. All the overthinking they do on a daily.basis can lead to anxiety in social situations

Struggles Only Highly Intelligent PeopleSuffer From

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Your Theater

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.Surround yourself with creative people Hang out with writers, musicians, poets and artists. Often, just being in a creative environment will .inspire you and refresh your creative mind.Start somewhere

If you create a load of crap for a few pages, whether it’s creative writing in Word or sheet music, the brain loosens up and it’s easier to break through the barrier and come up with.ideas .Expose yourself Not after too much vodka. Expose yourself to new art – books, music, paintings – all the time. If you’re a rocker, listen to funk. If you’re a crime writer, read fantasy. If you’re a productivity.writer, read something about slacking offDevelop a “morning ritual

that puts you in the zone – whether it’s stream-of-consciousness such as in tip or a series of non-spectacular everyday actions in sequence that tell ,2 your brain it’s time to get in the zone. Perhaps you drink a coffee while watching the news before going for a morning walk – if you repeat the same actions before doing creative work for long enough, it eventually creates an association that tells the mind to get in a.particular zone Use GTD techniques free up your mind from the hassles of life by doing an info-dump so your head is clear enough to create.instead of worry.Never stop learning

Imitate the real world – find beauty (or the .7 ugly, depending on what inspires you) and try to extract the essence of it into your work. This may lead you to what you need to create, or it may just warm upthe muse Drink too much coffee sometimes � one of my

favoritesubmissions Do something new. Play chess. Read a book if you watch television and watch

.television if you read. Go outside. Sing in the shower Don’t be too precious about your work. Being inspired by ‘the muse’ is important, but if the doctor and the garbage man can do their jobs every day, then those in a.creative line of work can too. Change your attitude towards your work Based on the theory that everything that can be created has been and creation is simply a process of combining existing ideas, consume information by the bucket.load. The more you know, the more you can create from that knowledge .Meet new people from different walks of life

Tips to Rejuvenate Your Creativity13

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10Benefits of Reading Mental Stimulation Studies have shown that staying mentally stimulated can slow the progress of (or possibly even prevent) Alzheimer’s and Dementia, since keeping your brain active and engaged prevents it from losing power. Just like any other muscle in the body, the brain requires exercise to keep it strong and healthy, so the phrase “use it or lose it” is particularly apt when it comes to your mind. Doing puzzles and playing games such as chess have also been found to be helpful with.cognitive stimulationStress Reduction No matter how much stress you have at work, in your personal relationships, or countless other issues faced in daily.life, it all just slips away when you lose yourself in a great storyKnowledge Everything you read fills your head with new bits of information, and you never know when it might come in handy..The more knowledge you have, the better-equipped you are to tackle any challenge you’ll ever faceVocabulary Expansion This goes with the above topic: the more you read, the more words you gain exposure to, and they’ll inevitably make their way into your everyday vocabulary. Being articulate and well-spoken is of great help in any profession, and knowing that you can speak to higher-ups with self-confidence can be an enormous boost to your self-esteem. It could even aid in your career, as those who are well-read, well-spoken, and knowledgeable on a variety of topics tend to get promotions more quickly (and more often) than those with smaller vocabularies and lack of awareness of literature,.scientific breakthroughs, and global eventsMemory Improvement When you read a book, you have to remember an assortment of characters, their backgrounds, ambitions, history, andnuances, as well as the various arcs and sub-plots that weave their way through every story. That’s a fair bit to remem- ber, but brains are marvellous things and can remember these things with relative ease. Amazingly enough, every new memory you create forges new synapses (brain pathways)and strengthens existing ones, which assists in short-term?memory recall as well as stabilizing moods. How cool is thatStronger Analytical Thinking Skills Have you ever read an amazing mystery novel, and solved the mystery yourself before finishing the book? If so, you were able to put critical and analytical thinking to work by taking note of all the details provided and sorting them out .“to determine “whodunnitImproved Focus and Concentration In our internet-crazed world, attention is drawn in a million different directions at once as we multi-task through every day. In a single 5-minute span, the average person will divide their time between working on a task, checking email, chatting with a couple of people (via gchat, skype, etc.), keeping an eye on twitter, monitoring their smartphone, and.interacting with co-workers. This type of ADD-like behaviour causes stress levels to rise, and lowers our productivityBetter Writing Skills This goes hand-in-hand with the expansion of your vocabulary: exposure to published, well-written work has a notedeffect on one’s own writing, as observing the cadence, fluidity, and writing styles of other authors will invariably influ- ence your own work. In the same way that musicians influence one another, and painters use techniques established by.previous masters, so do writers learn how to craft prose by reading the works of othersTranquility.it’s possible that the subject you read about can bring about immense inner peace and tranquilityFree Entertainment

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Get Your Dose of Vitamin C Blueberries contain tons of vitamin C; one serving gives you almost 25 percent of yourdaily value. Vitamin C helps collagen for� mation and also maintains healthy gums as.well as a healthy immune systemImprove Heart Health Cardiovascular disease is a major publichealth concern in the United States. Cur� rently, it is the leading cause of death in both men and women. High blood pressure, high blood sugar, and obesity are someof the common conditions that lead to in�.creased risk of heart diseaseImprove Heart Health Cardiovascular disease is a major publichealth concern in the United States. Cur� rently, it is the leading cause of death in both men and women. High blood pressure, high blood sugar, and obesity are someof the common conditions that lead to in�.creased risk of heart diseaseReduce Cancer Risk Remember anthocyanins? Not only do they

give blueberries their blue color and help improve heart health, but they may also help attack cancer�causing free radicals and possibly even block tumor cells from forming, according to a study from theUniversity of Illinois at Urbana�Cham� paign, which focused on the effects of.blueberries on prostate cancerFight UTIs Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are causedby bacteria that take hold and grow in�side the urinary tract, causing an infec� tion. Symptoms don’t always present themselves, but can include the strong, persistent urge to urinate, strong�smelling .urine, and pelvic pain in womenBoost Brain Health Scientists at the USDA research center have been studying the beneficial effects of blueberries on brain function in animalmodels for over a decade. Through stud� ies with rats, researchers have found thatobject memory loss, which occurs nor� mally with age, can be prevented and even reversed by feeding blueberries to older .rats

Reasons To Eat More Blueberries

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Transparent Smartphones Inventors, Jung Won Seo, Jae-Woo Park, Keong Su Lim, Ji-Hwan Yang and Sang Jung Kang, who arescientists at the Korean Advanced Institute of Sci- ence and Technology, have created the world›s first.transparent computer chip

The chip, known as (TRRAM) or transparent resis- tive random access memory, is similar to existingchips known as (CMOS) or metal-oxide semicon-.ductor memory, which we use in new electronics

The difference is that TRRAM is completely clearand transparent. What is the benefit of having trans-?parency

It is a new milestone of transparent electronic sys-» tems,» says Jung Won Seo. «By integrating TRRAM with other transparent electronic components, we can create a total see-through embedded electronic«.systems

The technology could enable the windows or mirrors in your home to be used as computer monitors and.television screens

This technology is expected to be available within 3.to 4 years

Electronic Pills � Collecting DataInside The Body After years of investment and development, wireless devices contained in swallowable capsules are now.reaching the market

Companies such as SmartPill based in Buffalo, New York and Israel-based Given Imaging (PillCam).market capsules the size of vitamin tablets

These pills contain sensors or tiny cameras that col-lect information as they travel through the gastroin- testinal tract before being excreted from the body a.day or two later

These new electronic inventions transmit informa- tion such as acidity, pressure and temperature levels or images of the esophagus and intestine to your.doctor›s computer for analysis

Doctors often use invasive methods such as cath- eters, endoscopic instruments or radioisotopes for collecting information about the digestive tract. So device companies have been developing easier, less.intrusive ways, to gather information

Digestive diseases and disorders can include symp-toms such as acid reflux, bloating, heartburn, ab- dominal pain, constipation, difficulty swallowing orloss of appetite

New Electronic Inventions

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Some of the habits noted below are things you may have noticed about people who are likable. They are habits that you may already have but need to do more.often

You are not a know�it�all You don’t jump into conversations and act like you know everything. You listen to other people and you ask appropriate questions. You tend to make people feel good about themselves. People find themselves.gravitating to you for advice or just small talkYou mind your own business You aren’t a snob but you generally don’t give your input where it is not needed. It is quite annoying when you have a person in the office who eavesdrop on conversations and provides their opinions when

they aren’t invited to do so. You know when you are needed and when it is a

good idea to keep a low.profileYou don’t hold grudgesYou let things go especial- ly when the argument is inconsequential. You have learned over time to be the bigger person which makes you win people’s admiration. People like you because they have a clean slate with you. You are not a pushover because you let people know what they have crossed the line but you also don’t hold it against them in the long.runYou are patient You give people opportunities, room to grow, and space to inherently make mistakes. You know that everything in life has a learning curve and you give people around you a chance to grow into themselves. You give complimentsYou notice things about people which means you are not self centered. Often people see you and they smile genuinely because they are happy to see you. People subconsciously remember you said something nice about them which makes you.more likable.You notice the good things about people .6

Sometimes, it is difficult to work with people who have different personalities especially when they are so different from our own. You are able to see the good in people and focus more on it than on the badwhich has opened many opportunities for you be- cause you are likable. You are able to capitalize on the good things and people feel appreciated around.you

You don’t jump into conclusionsThere is nothing more annoy- ing than someone who doesn’t know allthe facts forming an inappropri- ate or unfair conclusion. You take in the details and weigh all the facts. That way you don’t come of as unfair or biased. People respect you and like you more because you take time to analyze issuesbefore making premature conclu-.sionsYou are genuineIt is becoming harder to meet genu-

ine people these days which makes you more likable. You are not phonyand you also don’t entertain fake peo-

ple. You give constructive criticism and people often come to you when they have

an issue they need to resolve out taking all.the credit

You are generous You are not stingy with good things. If you find a

discount or deal, you share it with the people around you. You are the type of person who brings snacks from the places you have been on vacation to the .officeYou are a confidant You can be relied on to keep people’s secrets. You do not betray confidences and people trust you. You know how sensitive information can be and you are keen to ensure that you don’t let the people that trust.you down

These 10 Habits Mean You’re a LikablePerson

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Rootkit A rootkit is a program that uses low-level, hard-to-detect methods to subvert control of an operating system from its legitimate operators. Rootkits usually obscure their installation and attempt to prevent their removal through a subversion of standard system security. They may include replacements for system binaries, making it virtually impossible for them to be .detected by checking process tables

Trojan horses A Trojan horse is a program that seems to be doing one thing but is actually doing another. It can be used to set up a back door in a computer system, enabling the intruder to gain ac- cess later. (The name refers to the horse from the Trojan War, with the conceptually similar(.function of deceiving defenders into bringing an intruder into a protected area

Computer virusA virus is a self-replicating program that spreads by inserting copies of itself into other ex- ecutable code or documents. By doing this, it behaves similarly to a biological virus, which spreads by inserting itself into living cells. While some viruses are harmless or mere hoaxes,.most are considered malicious

Computer worm Like a virus, a worm is also a self-replicating program. It differs from a virus in that (a.) it propagates through computer networks without user intervention; and (b.) does not need to attach itself to an existing program. Nonetheless, many people use the terms “virus” and.“worm” interchangeably to describe any self-propagating program

Keystroke logging A keylogger is a tool designed to record (“log”) every keystroke on an affected machine for later retrieval, usually to allow the user of this tool to gain access to confidential infor- mation typed on the affected machine. Some keyloggers use virus-, trojan-, and rootkit-like methods to conceal themselves. However, some of them are used for legitimate purposes, .even to enhance computer security

Computer virusA virus is a self-replicating program that spreads by inserting copies of itself into other ex- ecutable code or documents. By doing this, it behaves similarly to a biological virus, which spreads by inserting itself into living cells. While some viruses are harmless or mere hoaxes,.most are considered malicious

Spoofing attack - phishing A spoofing attack involves one program, system or website that successfully masquerades as another by falsifying data and is thereby treated as a trusted system by a user or anotherprogram — usually to fool programs, systems or users into revealing confidential informa-.tion, such as user names and passwords

cOMPUTer secUriTy

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Photography redirects here. For the image obtained, see Photograph. For other

uses, see Photography (disambiguation).Lens and mounting of a large-format camera

Photography is the science, art and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic]1].film

Typically, a lens is used to focus the light reflected or emitted from objects into a real image on the light-sensitive surface inside a camera during a timed exposure. With an electronic image sensor, this produces an electrical charge at each pixel, which is electronically processed and stored in a digital image file for subsequent display or processing. The result with photographic emulsion is an invisible latent image, which is later chemically «developed» into a visible image, either negative or positive depending on the purpose of the photographic material and the method of processing. A negative image on film is traditionally used to photographically create a positive image on a paper base, known as a print,.either by using an enlarger or by contact printing

Photography is employed in many fields of science, manufacturing (e.g., photolithography) and business, as well as its more direct uses for art, film and video production, recreational purposes,.hobby, and mass communication

PHOTOGRAPHY

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Literary career Darwish published over thirty volumes of poetry and eight books of prose. He was editor of Al-Jadid, Al-Fajr, Shu’un Filistiniyya and Al-Karmel (1981). On 1 May 1965 when the young Darwish read his poem “Bitaqat huwiyya” ]“Identity Card”] to acrowd in a Nazareth movie house, there was a tu- multuous reaction. Within days the poem had spread throughout the country and the Arab world.]22] Published in his second volume “Leaves of Olives” (Haifa, 1964), the six stanzas of the poem repeat the]cry “Write down: I am an Arab.”]23

In the 1970s, “Darwish, as a Palestinian poet of the Resistance committed himself to the ... objective of nurturing the vision of defeat and disaster (after the June War of 1967), so much so that it would ‘gnaw at the hearts’ of the forthcoming generationsWriting style Darwish’s early writings are in the classical Arabic style. He wrote monorhymed poems adhering to the metrics of traditional Arabic poetry. In the 1970s he began to stray from these precepts and adopted a “free-verse” technique that did not abide strictly by classical poetic norms. The quasi-Romantic diction of his early works gave way to a more personal, flexible language, and the slogans and declarative language that characterized his early poetry werereplaced by indirect and ostensibly apolitical state-ments, although politics was never far awayMusic and film Many of Darwish’s poems were set to music most notably “Rita and the Rifle”, “I lost a beautiful dream”, “Birds of Galilee” and “I Yearn for my Mother’s Bread” and have become anthems for at least two generations of Arabs, by Arab composers,among them Marcel Khalife,]47] Reem Kelani,]48] ]49] Majida El Roumi and Ahmad Qa’abour.]16] In the 1980s, Sabreen, a Palestinian group in Israel, recorded an album including versions of Darwish’s poems “On Man” and “On Wishes”.]50] Khalife was accused of blasphemy and insulting religious values because a song entitled “I am Yusuf, oh myfather” based on Darwish’s lyrics

Mahmoud Darwish

Biography Mahmoud Darwish was born in the village of al-Birwa in the Western Galilee.]5] He was the second child of Salim and Houreyyah Darwish. His family were landowners. His mother wasilliterate, but his grandfather taught him to read.]3] After Israeli forces assaulted his village of al- Birwa in June 1948 the family fled to Lebanon, first to Jezzin and then Damour.[6] The village was then razed and destroyed by the Israeli army]7]]8]]9] to prevent its inhabitants fromreturning to their homes inside the new Jew-

ish state.]10]]11] A year later, Darwish’s family returned to the Acre area, which was now part of Israel, and settled in Deir al-Asad.]12] Darwishattended high school in Kafr Yasif, two kilom- eters north of Jadeidi. He eventually moved to.Haifa He published his first book of poetry, Asafir bila ajniha or “Wingless Birds”, at the age of 19. Heinitially published his poems in Al Jadid, the lit- erary periodical of the Israeli Communist Party, eventually becoming its editor. Later, he was assistant editor of Al Fajr, a literary periodicalpublished by the Israeli Workers Partyr Red Hill

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