World Population Day

Mohammad Shabih Haider3rd year MBBS

What is population?

A population is all the organisms that belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area.

World Population

The world population is estimated by the United States Census Bureau to be 7.023 billion. The US Census Bureau estimates the 7 billion number was surpassed on 12 March 2012. According to a separate estimate by the United Nations, Earth’s population exceeded 7 billion in October 2011, a milestone that offers unprecedented challenges and opportunities to all.

World Population Day

World Population Day is an annual event, observed on July 11, which seeks to raise awareness of global population issues. The event was established by the Governing Council of the United Nations Development Programme in 1989.

Population Census Organization Pakistan

Population Census Organization, an attached department of Statistics Division, is the official agency of Federal Government which is responsible for planning and execution of decennial Population and Housing Census and release of its data for public and private use. Population Census Organization process and disseminate data in the form of regular census reports and a number of supplementary reports based on analysis and research of demographic data.

The 10 countries with the largest total population:

Rank Country / Territory Population Date % of world

population Source

1 China[73] 1,351,690,000 June 30, 2012 19.2% [74]

2 India 1,203,710,000 March 2011 17% [75]

3 United States 313,827,000 June 30, 2012 4.47% [76]

4 Indonesia 238,400,000 May 2010 3.33% [77]

5 Brazil 196,622,000 June 30, 2012 2.8% [78]

6 Pakistan 179,973,000 June 30, 2012 2.56% [79]

7 Nigeria 170,123,740 July 2012 2.42% [80]

8 Bangladesh 161,083,804 July 2012 2.29% [81]

9 Russia 141,927,297 January 1, 2010 2.021% [82]

10 Japan 127,610,000 May 1, 2012 1.82%

What is overpopulation?Excessive population of an area to the point of overcrowding, depletion of natural resources, or environmental deterioration.

It is a major problem of developing third world countries. Pakistan has 2.54 percent of the world´s total population which means that one person in every 39 people on the planet is a resident of Pakistan..

Causes of over population in Pakistan

Lack of education High birth rate Desire for male child Early marriages

POPULATION CONTROL Human population control is the practice

of artificially altering the rate of growth of a human population. Historically, human population control has been implemented by limiting the population's birth rate, usually by government mandate, and has been undertaken as a response to factors including high or increasing levels of poverty, environmental concerns, religious reasons, and overpopulation.

Methods of population control contraception abstinence reducing infant mortality so that parents

do not increase their family size to ensure at least some survive to adulthood.

abortion infanticide emigration decreasing immigration sterilization

ONE CHILD POLICY IN CHINA

The most significant modern population control system is China's one-child policy, in which, with various exceptions, having more than one child is discouraged. Unauthorized births are punished by fines, although there have also been allegations of illegal forced abortions and forced sterilization.

The Chinese government introduced the policy in 1978 to alleviate the social and environmental problems of China. According to government officials, the policy has helped prevent 400 million births.

Reasons for its failure

In 2010, it was announced that the majority of the citizens initially subject to the policy are no longer of reproductive age and it has been speculated that many citizens simply disregard or violate the policy in more recent years. The deputy director of the Commission stated that the policy would remain unaltered until at least 2015.

In March 2011, the Chinese government reviewed the policy and expressed considerations to allow for couples to have a second child.

he US State Department, the Parliament of the United Kingdom,and the human rights organization Amnesty International have all declared that China's family planning programs contribute to infanticide.

METHODS OF POPULATION CONTROL IN

PAKISTAN according to Population Census Organization of Pakistan

Effects of overpopulation Poverty Inflation Lack of employment Opportunity Rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide Global warming Pollution increased demand for resources such as

fresh water and food starvation and malnutrition consumption of natural resources faster

than the rate of regeneration (such as fossil fuel)

CONCLUSION Hence, it is concluded that over population is a

threat for the stability and strengthening of any nation.

So steps should be taken to aware the people that if the families will be small than they can enjoy their lives with all the facilities and the next coming generation will be healthy and organized due to the proper attention of parents.

Education should be promoted in small villages and towns.

Importance and advantages of small family should be promoted in the newly married couples and the girls who are about to get married, because women health is also affected with more children.

So for a healthy family, healthy mother and progressive society, population control is the most important aspect.