world is so diverse classification the grouping of information or objects based on similarities we...
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World is so diverse
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Classification
The grouping of information or objects based on similarities
We classify things all the time (creates order) Stores Lane Text Book
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Classification Taxonomy branch of biology that
names and groups organisms
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A good classification system Places organisms in a group with
other similar organisms
Uses names that are unique
Can change as new data is
discovered
Shows relationships between
organisms
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ARISTOTLE
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What is this?
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Pacific spiny lobster- rock lobster-crayfish
Can get confusing. Real name is Panulirus interruptus
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What is this called?
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Common Names
Pill bug Sow bug Roly polies Wood lice Potato bug………..all are common names for
same bugScientific name: Armadillidium vulgare
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Need for naming system
We need to be able to identify/name each species
Common names: confusing Scientific names: refer to one species
ONLY that everyone
uses
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Carolus Linnaeus
Swedish botanist who devised a new classification system
This system is still used today!
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The Linnaeus System
Organisms are grouped in a hierarchy of 7 different taxonomic levels or Taxons
Each organism has a two part scientific name
=Binomial Nomenclature
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Linnaean System Hierarchical classification using seven
categories or taxa, listed in order from largest to smallest groupings: (Domain was later added before kingdom) Kingdom Kings Phylum Play Class Cards Order On Family Fine Genus Grained SpeciesSand
Species - a group of individuals that actually or potentially interbreed in nature
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Binomial Nomenclature: Hippocampus abdominalis is the scientific name for a big belly seahorse Genus (first word)
Noun, Capitalized
Species (second word) Descriptive, Lower Case
Underlined or Italicized Humans - Homo sapiensRed Oak - Quercus rubra
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Domains and Kingdoms
6 Kingdom System Archaebacteria
Bacteria
Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia
3 Domain System
Archaea
Bacteria
Eukarya
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Prokaryotes
Prokaryotes: (pro- means before, and -karyote means
nucleus) First type of cells to evolve Very small Unicellular Two Types: Archaebacteria and
Eubacteria
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Prokaryote Basic Structure
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Common Prokaryote Shapes
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EUKARYOTES Emerged 1.6-2.1 Billion years ago
Kingdoms: Animals, Plants, Fungi, and Protists
Characteristics: Complex structure with Nucleus and Membrane-
Bound Organelles
Unicellular and Multicellular
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The classification of the common dolphin is as follows:
PHYLUM: Chordata (all animals with backbones)
CLASS: Mammalia (all the mammals) ORDER: Cetacea (whales and dolphins) FAMILY: Delphinidae (dolphins and killer
whales) GENUS: Delphinus SPECIES: delphis (unique combination of
names for the common dolphin)
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Some questions…
1) Which choice lists the groups in order of decreasing variety?
A. species, genus, family, phylum
B. genus, species, kingdom, phylum
C. kingdom, phylum, genus, species
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Some questions…
2) Which choice is most closely related to Acer rubrum?
A. Rubrum acer
B. Acer saccharum
C. Quercus acer
D. Quercus rubrum
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Some questions…
3) Which is an acceptable way to write the scientific name for humans?
A. Homo Sapiens
B. Homo Sapiens
C. homo sapiens
D. Homo sapiens
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Some questions…
4) Which is true of two plants that belong in the same genus ?
A. they must be in the same family
B. they must be the same species
C. they must be the same color
D. they can't be in the same phylum
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Some questions…
5) Who originated the system of binomial nomenclature ?
A. Darwin
B. Linnaeus
C. Hooke
D. Aristotle