classification & taxonomy biodiversity. classification the grouping of objects or information...
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CLASSIFICATION & TAXONOMY
Biodiversity
Classification
The grouping of objects or information based on similarities
Why do we need to classify things? To study the diversity of life, biologists
use a classification system to name organisms and group them in a logical manner.Think about things that are arranged in
a specific manner.Wal-MartA newspaper
Classification
Living Things are Classified
So are Everyday things
Taxonomy
The branch of biology concerned with the grouping and naming of organisms
Who is responsible for this?
Aristotle Developed the first method of
classification Classified organisms into two major
groups based onSizeStructureLocationPlants & Animals
Whose method do we use today? Linnaeus
Father of modern taxonomy Classified organisms based on their
physical characteristics Created binomial nomenclature Created the 7 taxonomic categories
7 taxonomic levels
Kingdom (most inclusive)
Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species (least
Inclusive)
Taxon – each level within a naming system
The system is hierarchical. larger groups
are more general (more inclusive) and smaller groups are more specific (least inclusive)
King
Phillip
Came
Over
For
Granny’s
SpaghettiUrsus horriblis
Binomial Nomenclature
Two word system to give organisms a scientific name. Why?
Some organisms may share the same common name
Ex. Felis concolor has 4 common names:
mountain lion, puma, cougar, or a panther
A common name can refer to 2 different species:
Ex. buzzard in the UK it refers to a hawk in the
US it refers to a vulture
Binominal Nomenclature Rules
1st word Genus should always be capitalized and underlined (or italicized)
2nd word specific epithet (a descriptive name)
should always be lower case and underlined
Ex. Ex. Lynx rufus
Scientific Names
American Alligator Black Fly Bald Eagle Grizzly Bear Human Longleaf Pine Apple
Alligator mississippiensis
Simulium damnosum
Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Ursus horribilis Homo sapien Pinus palustris Malus domestica
Common Names Scientific Names