World History I SOL Review Packet

Label the following on the World Map above:

North America South America Europe Africa Asia Australia Antarctica Indian Ocean Pacific Ocean

Atlantic Ocean Arctic Ocean Mediterranean Sea

Draw the following: Equator, Prime Meridian

Standard WHI.1 Prehistory

1. Group of early humans that emerged between 100,000 and 400,000 years ago. _____________

2. Continent on which early humans emerged. ________________

3. Terms that characterizes early groups of nomads. ____________________

4. The Old Stone Age = _________________

5. Old Stone Age people used oral languages and _____________ art to record history

6. Nomadic groups changed into settled societies in the _________________.

7. These settled societies used ______________ for farming

8. Term for taming and breeding animals. ____________________

9. Term for planting and harvesting crops. ____________________

10. Scientists that study artifacts and fossils. ___________________

11. Method of dating fossils and artifacts. ____________________

Hunter-gathers Neolithic Age Archaeologists Cave Agriculture Homo sapiens Permanent Paleolithic Age Africa Radio-Carbon Domesticating Advanced Tools

Characteristics Paleolithic Age Neolithic Age

How they lived

Tools

Achievements

Standard WHI.3 River Valley Civilizations

Identify the structure to the left. __________________

Where was it built? ________________

What is it an example of? ________________________

Word Bank:

Settled Communities

Simple Tools

Stone and wood

Fire

Complex Tools

Cave Art

Nomadic Clans

Grew Crops

Bred Animals

Weaving Skills

1. Civilization =

River =

2. Civilization =

Rivers =

3. Civilization =

Rivers =

4. Civilization =

River =

1. Civilization along the Nile River _____________________

2. Time Period of the 4 main River Valley Civilizations ___________________

3. Civilization along the Tigris and the Euphrates River ___________________

4. The Indian Civilization developed along the _________________________

5. The Huang-He River gave rise to the ancient ________________________

6. What did the flooding of these rivers provide? ______________________

7. These people settled by the Jordan River; originators

of the Jewish Religion ____________________

8. Trading and sea-faring people on the eastern Mediterranean _________________

9. Early African civilization along the Upper (southern) Nile River ________________

10. Name given to the Egyptian king ____________________

11. Written laws of the Babylonians (later Mesopotamians) _____________________

12. Written laws of the Jewish (Hebrew) people ___________________________

13. Type of religion that has one deity of worship _______________________

14. Type of religion that has multiple deities of worship _______________________

15. World’s first monotheistic religion ______________________

16. Written language of the Egyptians ______________________

17. Written language of the Sumerians and other Mesopotamian

civilizations ________________________

18. Written type of language developed by the Phoenicians __________________

19. Founder of the Hebrew nation and Jewish religion ____________________

20. Capital and holy city to the early Hebrews __________________________

21. Written record of the history and beliefs of the Jewish people _______________

22. Hebrew who led his people of Egypt ____________________

Word Bank:

3000-5000 BC

Indus River

Rich soil

Phoenicians

Code of Hammurabi

Hieroglyphics

Alphabet

Jerusalem

Moses

Egyptians

Mesopotamians

Polytheism

Chinese

Ten Commandments

Kush

Hebrews

Monotheism

Cuneiform

Abraham

Torah

Judaism

Pharaoh

The shaded area on the map is called

__________________________

Standard WHI.4 India, China and Asia

Hinduism

Buddhism

Confucianism

Taoism

Place of Origin

Founder

Texts

Beliefs

Word Bank:

India China Reincarnation Vedas/Upanishads Karma Confucius Eightfold Path overcoming suffering Caste System Yin and Yang Dao de Jing Siddhartha Gautama Aryans stories respect for elders Four Noble Truths Chinese Philosophies Laozi Harmony with nature Against government Analects Moksha Nirvana

1. The Ancient Indians (Aryans) were geographically protected by the __________________ and the __________________, the two mountain ranges in South Asia

2. The ______________ and ________________ were the most important rivers in the Indian subcontinents

3. The early Indians, or Aryans, developed _______________ system that shaped and dictated social classes

4. The “Golden Age” of classical India was under the _____________ Empire. 5. Buddha means ____________________________. 6. Buddhism spread to China because ________________ of the Mauryan Empire

sent missionaries out from India 7. The _________________________ was built to keep northern invaders, like the

Mongols, out of China 8. Which Chinese emperor connected the Great Wall of China _________________ 9. Chinese rulers were considered divine, or god-like but their _________________

of _____________________ (right to rule) lasted only as long as they remained good leaders.

10. Trade route connecting China to the Mediterranean world: __________________ 11. Contributions of Classical China include the civil ______________ system, a fabric

called ________________, and ________________ a material used for pottery

Persians:

• _______________________ of conquered people

• Developed an imperial ___________________________.

• Built a __________ system to communicate with their entire empire

• Religion was ________________________. They believed in two opposing Forces in the universe (Good v. Evil)

Bureaucracy Zoroastrianism Road System Tolerant

Word Bank:

Asoka Service Silk Silk Road Ganges Caste Qin Shihuangdi Great Wall of China Porcelain Himalayans Mandate of Heaven Hindu Kush Indus Gupta Enlightened One

Standard WHI.5 Ancient Greece

Greek Geography

1. Large sea located south of Greece. ___________________

2. Small sea located east of Greece. ____________________

3. Prevented Greeks from uniting and slowed travel and communications. ______________________

4. Limited fertile land forced Greeks to use this for a living. ____________________________

5. These were communities created along the coast of the Mediterranean; designed to send crops back to Greece. ______________________________

Transformation of Athenian Government

1. Name for the rule of kings: 2. Rule by a few rich noble families: 3. Rule by a single leader, usually military: 4. Government by the people:

Three groups of people with no political rights in Greece:

Athens Similarities between the two Sparta

Greek Economy and Society

1. Name given to Greek Culture. _________________

2. Shifted from a _____________ system to an economy that used ______________

Political Development

1. Name for a Greek city-state _________________

2. Greek cities were designed to encourage civic life and commercial (____________) life

3. Why were colonies created along the Mediterranean Sea? ________________________________________________________________________________________

Word Bank: Trade Barter money Polis Hellenistic

Greek Mythology

1. Greek Religion was: 2. They used myths to explain: 3. Chief god: 4. God of the sea: 5. Protector of Athens and goddess of wisdom:

1. Historical enemy of all Greek city-states

2. Geeks who had a militaristic society

3. War between the Greeks and the Persians

4. Greek city-state that grew in power and influence over its allies

5. Leader of Athens following the Persian war during the Golden Age

6. Time period of growth and prosperity

7. War fought between Sparta and Athens

8. Former ally but later an enemy of Athens

9. Building constructed at the time of Pericles

10. Writers of plays and dramas

11. Historians of Greece

12. Two famous epic poems of Homer

13. Two scientists and physicians

14. Two mathematicians

15. Famous Greek philosopher; father of philosophy

16. Two students of the “Father of Philosophy”

Word Bank:

Herodotus and Thucydides

Pythagoras and Euclid

Hippocrates and Archimedes

Pericles

Peloponnesian War

The Golden Age

Aeschylus and Sophocles

Socrates

Athens

Sparta

Iliad and Odyssey

Parthenon

Plato and Aristotle

Persians

Persian War

What is the name of building?

Who had it built?

Who was it home to?

Where is it located?

Greek Columns

Age of Hellenistic Culture:

1. What empire was Philip II king of?

2. What civilization did he conquer before his death?

3. Who was his famous son; king and conqueror by the age of 23?

4. What regions did his son conquer before he died?

5. What was Hellenistic culture and how did it spread?

Geography of Rome

1. Rome’s location, relative to other Mediterranean people: 2. On what peninsula was Rome located? 3. What mountain range protected northern Rome? 4. What did the Mediterranean provide them? 5. River Rome is located on:

Roman Mythology

Based on: ______________________________________ Example of Roman gods:

Explained: ______________________________________

Word Bank:

Alps Italian

Protection Central Tiber

Social Structure in the Roman Republic

1. Class of Roman citizens considered noble ___________________ 2. The majority of the population in Rome ___________________ 3. Class of people with no rights; sold and bought__________________

Citizenship

4. Groups allowed automatic citizenship ___________________ 5. Duties of being a citizen (two) _______________________

Features of Democracy

6. Another term for a republican government _____________________ 7. Group of men elected to represent the people in Rome _________________ 8. Name for the two executive leaders of the republic _____________________ 9. Recorded Roman laws ________________________

War and Expansion

10. Enemy of Rome in 264BC in North Africa ______________________ 11. Leader of Rome’s enemy _____________________ 12. Name for the series of wars fought over control of the

Mediterranean Sea __________________ 13. Region of Europe that Rome conquered ________________________ 14. Islands in Northwest Europe conquered by Rome ______________________

CAUSES FOR THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE REPUBLIC OF ROME

1. Spread of ____________ led to large farms having cheap labor 2. _______________ could not compete, went out of business; moved to cities 3. ________________ in cities led to sanitation and health problems. 4. ________________ into cities led to high unemployment. 5. Need for money led to devaluing of money and high prices (_____________) 6. Power struggles among the Senate led to ________________

What emerged?

• First Triumvirate made of __________________, ________________, and ___________________.

• The three men fell into Civil War and _____________ _______________ emerged as the surviving dictator.

• Julius Caesar’s nephew _________________ became the first _________________ after Caesar’s assassination

• Rome changed from a republican government to a __________________________

Who did Augustus defeat in order to become the first emperor?

Word Bank

• Punic Wars

• Greece

• Military Service

• Taxes

• Hannibal

• Plebeians

• Representative democracy

• Patricians and Plebeians

• Slaves

• Gaul

• Twelves Tables

• Britain

• Patricians

• Consuls

• Senate

• Carthage

Word Bank

Civil War

Slavery

Inflation

Overcrowding

Small farmers

Migration

1. The ___________________ was a two hundred year period of relative peace and prosperity through the Roman Empire.

2. The social impact of the Pax Romana was greater emphasis on the _________________ and a stability of the social classes.

3. The Roman economy was stabilized because they began using the

same ____________ and the military began protecting _______________________________.

4. An _________________ was a stone structure that carried mountain

water to the cities. (Picture 1)

5. Examples of large architecture included the Forum and the __________________

were gladiators fought. (Picture 2)

6. An example of a Roman road was the ___________ Way, which allowed for safer

and faster movement through the empire.

7. ________________ was the language of the Roman Empire.

8. The ___________________ told the history of Rome. Written by Virgil.

9. The democratic idea of “________________” until proven” __________________”

came from the _________________ Tables

10. The Roman _____________ was a architectural structure used in many buildings.

11. Romans proved that good health was related to cleanliness. Therefore most

Romans went to ___________________ for meeting and health.

Origins of Christianity Beliefs, traditions and customs Spread of Christianity

Impact of the Church of Rome in the Roman Empire

1. ______________________ made Christianity legal in the Empire with the ________________________ 2. Theodosius made ____________________ the official religion of Rome. 3. ___________________ to the Church became more important than loyalty to the Emperor 4. The Church became the main ___________________ force of Western Europe.

Picture 1

Word Bank: Guilty Trade routes Pax Romana Aqueduct Colosseum Money Family Aeneid Appian Innocent Latin Public Baths Arch

Picture 2

Reasons for the Decline of the Roman Empire

Geography

Economy

Military

Moral decay

Politics

Invasions

Solutions to decline:

1. What did Diocletian do to the empire? 2. What eastern city did Constantine make the “new” capital of the Roman Empire? 3. What did the Eastern Roman Empire become?

Standard WHI.7 Byzantine Empire and Russia

Justinian’s Accomplishments

1.

2.

3.

Location of Constantinople

1. ____________ on the eastern frontier.

2. Crossroads of __________________________

3. Easily fortified site on a peninsula bordering natural _______________________

Role of Constantinople:

4. Capital of the ____________________________ 5. Preserved classical _______________________ culture. 6. Center of ___________________

Byzantine Culture:

1. Continued to flourishing ____________________ traditions. 2. _______________ language was spoken. 3. Greek ___________________ Christianity 4. Greek and Roman knowledge preserved in _____________________ libraries.

Western Church Similarities Eastern Church

Word Bank:

- Spread to Russia by St. Cyril - Used Latin during liturgy (mass) - Patriarch of Constantinople - Priests are not celibate - Pope - Uses icons - Based in Rome - Icons were banned - Based in Constantinople - Used Greek in liturgy - Worships Jesus - Roman Catholicism - Priests must be celibate - Greek Orthodoxy - Christian

1. What was the purpose of the Hagia Sophia (multiple purposes overtime)?

2. What was the Iconoclastic Period?

Influences of Byzantines on Russia:

1. Trade routes between the _______________ and _______________ seas. 2. Adoption of Greek _________________ Christianity by Russia 3. Adoption of the _____________ Alphabet to Slavic languages by

_________________________ 4. Church architecture, ________________________, and religious art.

Standard WHI.8 Islamic Civilization.

Origins of Islam Spread of Islam Beliefs, customs, traditions of Islam

1. The Battle of ____________ stopped the Muslims from conquering all of Europe. 2. Muslims were split into two groups after the death of ___________. What are the two groups and what

are their beliefs?

3. The capital of the Islamic Empire was moved to ________________, in modern day Iraq. 4. The __________________________ (picture below) was built in Jerusalem and is the oldest surviving

Islamic building. It is thought to be the spot were ______________________ rose to heaven. 5. Muslims scholars translated important texts into ___________________________. 6. Muslim scholars studied at ________________________. 7. Scientific contributions:

a. Arabic ____________ b. __________________ c. Medicine d. Expansion of ____________________ knowledge.

Standard WHI.9 Early Middle Ages

Foundations of Medieval Society:

1. Classical heritage of ______________ 2. _________________ beliefs 3. Customs of _______________________ tribes

Influences of the Roman Catholic Church

1. ________________ authority grew 2. Monasteries preserved ________________ culture 3. ____________________ carried Christianity and the Latin alphabet to Germanic tribes. 4. Pope anointed ______________________ the _________ _____________ _________ in 800AD on

Christmas Day. 5. _________________ priests served religious and social needs of the people.

Areas of settlement by other tribes: _____________ and the ___________ settled in England _______________________ settled in Hungary _______________________ came from Scandinavia

Describe the feudalism system on the triangle

Define:

Feudalism:

Manorialism:

Charlemagne

Leader/King of the __________________

Pope Leo III crowned him ______________________.

Churches, roads, schools were built to unite Charlemagne’s Empire

Standard WHI.10 Eastern Hemisphere Cultures Trade Routes- Name the geographical regions that are connected because of the following trade routes. Also, name the trade routes.

Country/Continent Goods/Ideas/Religions Traded

China

India

Africa

Baltic Region (Slavs)

Europe

- Japan is an ________________________, made of four main islands.

- The _____________ separates Japan from the mainland of Asia.

- It has very close ties with _____________ and ________________.

- China influenced Japan through ______________, architecture and _____________________.

- Describe Shintoism _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________

Kingdoms of Africa:

- East Africa: _______________, ________________, ____________________

- West Africa: __________________, _________________, ____________________

- Southeastern Africa: _________________________ - Name the major rivers associated with the early African kingdoms

o _________________, _________________, _________________, _________________

- Trade route used:

- Items trades the most:

- City that was the center of trade and learning:

- Define animism

- What religion was brought to African kingdoms through trade?

Standard WHI.11 Western Hemisphere Cultures (the Americas)

Label each empire below their map. Also, tell where each is located geographically

List the achievements/beliefs of each civilization below.

Mayans

Aztecs

Incas

Standard WHI.12 Late Medieval Period/RISE OF NATION STATES Fill in the chart with information about each ruler/s

William the Conqueror

King John

Henry II

Hugh Capet

Ferdinand and Isabella

Charles V

Ivan the Great

Briefly describe the Hundred Years War below

__________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________ ______

________________________________________________________________________

Who is the girl to the left and what was her role in the Hundred Year War?

________________________________________________________________________

Effects of the Crusades

1. Whose speech called for the Christians to take back the Holy Land back from the Muslims? 2. Key Events of the Crusades:

a. Capture of ______________________ b. Founding of Crusader __________________ c. Loss of Jerusalem to ____________________ d. Sack of _____________________ by western Crusaders

- Weakened the ___________________ - Strengthened the __________________ - Stimulated _____________________ - Legacy of __________________ between Christians, Jews, and Muslims - Weakened the ______________ Empire - Encouraged use credit and banking practices

Impact of the Black Death

- ______________ in population - Scarcity of ________________ - Towns freed from the ______________ system - Decline in ______________ influence - Disruption of _____________ - Came from Central ____________

Mongol Armies

- Invaded __________ China, and Muslim states in Southwest Asia

- Destroyed cities and countryside - Created an _________ - Famous leader ________________

Fall of Constantinople

- Fell to the _____________ Turk in 1453 - Constantinople’s name was changed to

____________ and became the capital of the ______________ Empire

Church Scholars

1. Could read and _____________ 2. Worked in _________________ 3. Translated Greek and Arabic works into _________________ 4. Made new knowledge in philosophy, medicine and science

Available in Europe 5. Laid the foundations for the ride of ____________ in Europe.

Standard WHI.13 Renaissance

- Define Renaissance

- Where did the Renaissance begin?

- Was Italy joined as one nation?

- What were the three most important city-states of the Renaissance?

- What did the city-states serve as?

Medieval Art and Literature:

Focused on the Church and Salvation (saved from sin)

Renaissance Art and Literature:

Focused on individuals and worldly matters, along with Christianity

Northern Renaissance

1. Johann Gutenberg invented the _________________ 2. Erasmus wrote _______________________________ 3. Sir Thomas Moore wrote _______________________

Machiavelli wrote ____________________________

Supported __________________

Maintains that the end will justify the _____________________

Humanism:

- Celebrated the _______________ - Stimulated the study of Greek and

Roman literature. - Supported by wealthy _________ - Example of humanist poet

_____________________

Identify the artwork and the artist associated with each picture