world history i sol review packet table of...

World History I SOL Review Packet

1

Table of Contents

WHI.2 – Early Humans ............................................................................Page 2

WHI.3 – River Civilizations ......................................................................Page 5

WHI.4 – Persia, India, and China ..............................................................1

WHI.5 – Greece .......................................................................................Page 16

WHI.6 – Rome .........................................................................................Page 21

WHI.7 – Christianity ................................................................................Page 27

WHI.8 – The Byzantine Empire and Russia ...............................................Page 28

WHI.9 – The Islamic Empire .....................................................................Page 31

WHI.10 – The Early Middle Ages ..............................................................Page 34

WHI.11 – Asia .........................................................................................Page 38

WHI.12 – Africa .......................................................................................Page 40

WHI.13 – Mesoamerica ...........................................................................Page 42

WHI.14 – The High and Late Middle Ages ................................................Page 44

WHI.15 – The Renaissance ......................................................................Page 48

Index of Pictures .....................................................................................Page 53

2

WHI.2 – Early Humans

WHI.2a

Label the continents and indicate with a star where early humans began:

Why did early humans migrate?

WHI.2d

What are at least two ways archaeologists work to study the past?

1.

2.

3

Label the four archaeological sites around the world:

________________________________

________________________________

________________________________

________________________________

4

WHI.2b & c

Advanced Tools Agriculture Cave Art Domesticated

Animals

Fire Lived in Clans Nomadic Pottery

Simple Tools Spoken Language Weaving

Using the words above, sort the characteristics of the Paleolithic and Neolithic Eras

Paleolithic Era (2b)

(Old Stone Age)

“Hunter-gatherer society”

Neolithic Era (2c)

(New Stone Age)

“Sedentary society”

How do the characteristics of the Neolithic Era contribute to living a sedentary lifestyle (living in

one location)?

5

WHI.3 – River Civilizations

WHI.3a

During the Neolithic Era, along what type of physical feature did the first permanent settlements grow?

Why?

Match the civilization with its respective location, and then label it on the map:

1. Mesopotamia

2. Indian

3. Egyptian

4. Chinese

a. Huang He Valley

b. Nile River Valley and Delta

c. Indus River Valley

d. Tigris and Euphrates River

Valleys (SW Asia)

6

WHI.3b

What are some of the characteristics of the early river civilizations?

Social

Political

Economic

WHI.3e

Match the writing system to the civilization:

1. China

2. Earliest written symbols

3. Egypt

4. India

5. Phoenicians

6. Sumer (Mesopotamia)

a. Alphabet

b. Cuneiform

c. Hieroglyphics

d. Oracle bone script

e. Pictograms

f. Sanskrit

7

WHI.3 – Mesopotamia

What do these pictures have to do with life in Mesopotamia?

8

WHI.3 – Egypt

What do these pictures have to do with life in Egypt?

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Hieroglyphics_from_the_Karnak_temple.jpg

9

WHI.3 – Indus River Valley and China

What do these pictures have to do with life in the Indus River Valley and China?

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Another_view_of_the_ruins_of_Mohenjodaro.jpg

10

WHI.3 – Phoenicians and Hebrews

What do these pictures have to do with life of the Phoenicians and Hebrews?

11

WHI.4 – Persia, India, and China

WHI.4a

How did the Persians treat people that they conquered in war?

What system of government did the Persians create to help govern such a large empire?

What other thing did the Persians also create to facilitate trade (make it easier)?

What religion did the Persians have, and what is the main belief of that religion?

12

WHI.4b

Label the map of India with the following:

o Ganges River

o Himalayas (Tallest mountains in the world – Contains Mt. Everest)

o Hindu Kush

o Indian Ocean

o Indus River

How did the geography of India help the civilization grow?

13

Label the levels of the Indian Caste System:

Indo-Aryan Civilization Mauryan Empire Gupta Empire

14

WHI.4e

Along which river did the Chinese civilization flourish?

What is this building, who built it, and why was it built?

The following pictures are of the contributions from Classical China. What are they?

15

WHI.4c-f

Hinduism Buddhism

Ori

gin

ate

d i

n I

nd

ia

Chinese forms of Buddhism spread throughout Asia as other religions were formed.

Confucianism Taoism

Ori

gin

ate

d i

n C

hin

a

This symbol means opposites in Confucianism and Taoism

16

WHI.5 – Greece

WHI.5a

Label the map of Greece with the following:

o Aegean Sea

o Balkan Peninsula

o Peloponnesian Peninsula

o Asia Minor

o Black Sea

o Dardanelles Strait

o Mediterranean Sea

o Macedonia

o The cities of Athens, Sparta, and Troy

17

WHI.5b-c

Social Structure Roles in Society

Who were citizens in Greece?

What rights did women and slaves have?

Who became slaves?

Athens Sparta

What were the stages of the Athenian

government?

__________________ __________________

__________________ __________________

Who were the two tyrants who worked for

reform?

What type of democracy did the Athenians have?

What type of government did Sparta have?

What did Spartan men have to do?

What did the Greek religion do for their civilization?

18

WHI.5d

Persian Wars Peloponnesian War What was the importance of the Persian Wars? What was the importance of the Peloponnesian

War?

Age of Pericles **** THIS OCCURRED BETWEEN THE PERSIAN AND PELOPONNESIAN WARS****

What were the major contributions that occurred in the Golden Age of Pericles?

WHI.5e

Who conquered most of Greece, then left the empire to his son?

What did Alexander the Great do for the Greek world?

What is the Helenistic Age?

19

WHI.5f (Greek Contributions)

Drama

Aescylus

Sophocles

Poetry Homer

History

Herodotus

Thucydides

Sculpture Phidias

Architecture Columns

Science

Archimedes

Hippocrates

Mathematics

Euclid

Pythagoras

Philosophy

Socrates

Plato

Aristotle

20

Pictures of Greece

What do these pictures have to do with ancient Greece?

21

WHI.6 – Rome

WHI.6a

Label the map of Europe with the following things important in the Roman World:

o The city of Rome

o Italian Peninsula

o The city of Carthage

o The Alps

o The Mediterranean Sea

How did the location of Rome help it control the Mediterranean world?

How did geography protect the Romans?

22

WHI.6b-c

Social Structure Citizenship Features of Roman Democracy

Who were citizens?

What were the rights of citizens?

What type of democracy did

Rome have?

How was this different than

Greek democracy?

WHI.6d

Why did Rome go to War against Carthage?

Who was the Carthaginian general who tried to invade Rome, and why did he fail?

How did these military conquests cause the downfall of the Roman Republic?

What role did Julius Caesar play in the downfall of Roman Republic?

WHI.6e

How did Augustus Caesar become the first Emperor of Rome?

What was the political structure of the Roman Empire?

23

WHI.6f

What is the Pax Romana?

Economic Impact Political Impact Social Impact

WHI.6g

Decline of the Roman Empire

Causes Division What were some of the causes of the fall of the

Western Roman Empire?

Who divided the Empire?

How did this help the decline of the Western

Roman Empire?

24

WHI.6c (Roman Contributions)

Art and

Architecture

Pantheon

Colosseum

Forum

Technology

Roads

Aqueducts

Roman Arches

Science Ptolemy

Medicine Public Health

Languages Latin and Romance

Languages

Literature Virgil’s Aeneid

Religion

Law 12 Tables

25

WHI.5b & 6b

What did the Roman religion do for their civilization?

What was the Roman religion based on?

Greek

Name God or goddess of …

Roman

Name

Zeus

Juno

Apollo

Diana

Athena

Venus

****Remember – We use the Roman names for planets****

26

Pictures of Rome

What do these pictures have to do with ancient Rome?

27

WHI.7 – Christianity

Christianity

Origins Beliefs, Customs,

Traditions Spread

What religion did Christianity

come from?

Who was the founder of this

religion

What type of religion is this?

What do Christians believe about

Jesus?

When do they worship?

What is their holy book?

How was Christianity spread?

Who made Christianity legal in the Roman Empire

How important did the Church become after it was made legal?

How did Christianity and the Roman Catholic Church become so influential to life in Europe?

28

WHI.8 – The Byzantine Empire and Russia

WHI.8a

Label the map of Europe with the following things important in the Byzantine World:

o The city of Rome

o The city of Constantinople


o Black Sea

o Baltic Sea

o Russia

o Greece

How did the location of Constantinople help the Byzantine Empire flourish?

29

WHI.8b

What accomplishments did Justinian provide to the Byzantine Empire?

WHI.8c

Art and Architecture Achievements Byzantine Cultural Achievements What is the most famous church in

Constantinople?

What did the Byzantines use to enhance their

religious worship?

What was the most common spoken language in

the Byzantine Empire?

How did the Byzantines preserve Greco-Roman

learning?

WHI.8d

Western Church Eastern Church What was the name of this church?

Where was this church centered?

Whose authority did they accept?

What language did they use for liturgy (services)?

What was the name of this church?

Where was this church centered?

Whose authority did they accept?

What language did they use for liturgy (services)?

WHI.8e

Who created an alphabet so the Russians could read the Bible in their own language?

How did Byzantine culture influence the Russian people?

30

Pictures of the Byzantine Empire and Russia

What do these pictures have to do with the Byzantines and Russia?

31

WHI.9 – The Islamic Empire

WHI.9b

Label the map with the following things important in the Islamic World:

o The cities of Mecca, Medina, Jerusalem, and Baghdad


o Black Sea

o Red Sea

o Spain

o Battle of Tours

o Byzantine Empire

o The Frankish Kingdom

Cities important to Islam

Battles

32

WHI.9a

Islam

Origins Beliefs, Customs,

Traditions Spread

Who was the founder of this

religion

What are the two most

important cities in Islam?

What type of religion is this?

What is their holy book?

What are the Five Pillars?

How was Islam spread?

Why are there two divisions of Islam today, and what are they?

Where did the Europeans defeat the Muslims, stopping their advancement into Europe?

33

WHI.9c

What do these pictures have to do with Islam?

34

WHI.10 – The Early Middle Ages

WHI.10a

Label the map with the following things important in the early Middle Ages:

o Scandinavia

o The island of Great Britain

o France

o The Holy Roman Empire

o Hungary

o The movements of the Vikings, Anglo-Saxons, and Magyars

How did these invasions affect the Europeans during the Middle Ages?

35

WHI.10b

Which Germanic tribe became the most influential in Europe during the Early Middle Ages?

Who was appointed Holy Roman Emperor on Christmas day in 800, and by whom?

What were some of his accomplishments?

What happened with the languages during the Early Middle Ages?

WHI.10c-d

Anglo-Saxons and Magyars (10c) Vikings (10d)

36

WHI.9e

Feudal Social Structure Feudal Achievements

What did the kings grant to the nobles?

***Remember: The manors were self-sufficient.

This means they produce everything they need on

the manor (the lord’s mansion and surrounding

lands)***

Pictures of the early Middle Ages

What do these pictures have to do with the Early Middle Ages?

37

WHI.11 – Asia

WHI.11a

Label the map with the following things important in Asia:

o China

o Japan

o Korea

o Pacific Ocean

o Sea of Japan

o Indian Ocean

o Africa

o Europe

o Black Sea

o Mediterranean Sea

o The Silk Road

38

WHI.11b

Goods Technologies Ideas

WHI.11c

How did geography influence the Japanese culture?

How did the Chinese civilization influence Japan?

What religion is solely Japanese, and what are some beliefs?

WHI.11d

Who was the leader of the Mongols, and how did his people influence Europe?

39

WHI.12 – Africa

WHI.12a

Label the map with the following things important in Africa:

o The Trans-Saharan Trade routes

o The Kingdoms of Egypt, Axum, Zimbabwe, Mali, Ghana, and Songhai

o The city of Timbuktu

o The Nile, Niger, Zambezi, and Limpopo Rivers

40

WHI.12b

Axum Zimbabwe The West African kingdoms

WHI.12c

What are some factors that contribute to European exploration of Africa?

41

WHI.13 – Mesoamerica

WHI.13a

Label the map with the following things important in Mesoamerica:

o The civilizations of the Mayans, Aztecs, and Incans

o The cities of Tenochtitlan, Chichén Itzá, and Machu Picchu

o Andes Mountains

North America ©Maps.com

42

WHI.13b

Aztec Civilization Mayan civilization

Incan civilization Achievements of the Mesoamerican civilizations

WHI.13c

What are some factors that contribute to European exploration of the Western Hemisphere?

Who were the explorers that came to the Western Hemisphere and where did they go?

Pictures of Mesoamerica

What do these pictures have to do with Mesoamerica?

43

WHI.14 – The High and Late Middle Ages

WHI.14a

Label the map with the following things important in Mesoamerica:

o England

o France

o Castille and Aragon

o Russia

o Portugal

o Holy Roman Empire

o Byzantine Empire

o Mediterranean Sea

o Atlantic Ocean

o English Channel

o The Route of the Crusades

o Muslim lands in Spain

44

England

Who invaded England in 1066?

What document limited the power of the king and

is the basis for the Declaration of Independence?

What did this document also create, which has

evolved into the modern legislature of England?

France

Who set up the throne at Paris?

What war was fought against England, and who

became a unifier for France during this war?

Spain

Who unified the Kingdoms of Aragon and Castille

into Spain and expelled the Muslims out of

Europe?

Who was the king while Spain began all the

colonies in the Western Hemisphere?

Russia

Who threw off Mongol rule in Russia?

What were their leaders called?

What church unified Russia?

WHI.14b

During the Crusades, the European Christian religious and political leaders tried to take over the Muslim

lands of the Holy Land from the Muslims, but it didn’t quite work out the way they planned.

Key Events of the Crusades Effects of the Crusades

Constantinople

45

WHI.14c

What disease spread from Central Asia into Southern Europe and then into Northern Europe,

devastating the population?

What were some of the effects of this disease?

WHI.14d

Who were the most educated people in Europe at the time?

What were some of the effects of the new European education system?

46

Pictures of the High and Late Middle Ages

What do these pictures have to do with the High and Late Middle Ages?

47

WHI.15 – The Renaissance

WHI.15a

How did the Crusades affect the economy of Europe?

What important economic policies did the Renaissance start?

What culture became the basis of the Renaissance

WHI.15b

What were the important Italian cities that helped the Renaissance flourish? (label them on the

map below)

48

What Renaissance author supported absolute power of the ruler (what he says, goes)?

What was his treatise (formal written explanation on a subject) called?

Excerpt That Which Concerns a Prince on the Subject of the Art of War The Prince ought to have no other aim or thought, nor select anything else for his study, than war and its rules and discipline; for this is the sole art that belongs to him who rules, and it is of such force that it not only upholds those who are born princes, but it often enables men to rise from a private station to that rank. And, on the contrary, it is seen that when princes have thought more of ease than of arms they have lost their states. And the first cause of your losing it is to neglect this art; and what enables you to acquire a state is to be master of the art. Francesco Sforza, though being martial, from a private person became Duke of Milan; and the sons, through avoiding the hardships and troubles of arms, from dukes became private persons. For among other evils which being unarmed brings you, it causes you to be despised, and this is one of those ignominies against which a prince ought to guard himself, as is shown later on. Concerning Things for Which Men, and Especially Princes, are Blamed It remains now to see what ought to be the rules of conduct for a prince toward subject and friends. And as I know that many have written on this point, I expect I shall be considered presumptuous in mentioning it again, especially as in discussing it I shall depart from the methods of other people. But it being my intention to write a thing which shall be useful to him to apprehends it, it appears to me more appropriate to follow up the real truth of a matter than the imagination of it; for many have pictured republics and principalities which in fact have never been known or seen, because how one lives is so far distant from how one ought to live, that he who neglects what is done for what ought to be done, sooner effects his ruin than his preservation; for a man who wishes to act entirely up to his professions of virtue soon meets with what destroys him among so much that is evil. Hence, it is necessary for a prince wishing to hold his own to know how to do wrong, and to make use of it or not according to necessity. Therefore, putting on one side imaginary things concerning a prince, and discussing those which are real, I say that all men when they are spoken of, and chiefly princes for being more highly placed, are remarkable for some of those qualities which bring them either blame or praise; and thus it is that one is reputed liberal, another miserly...; one is reputed generous, one rapacious; one cruel, one compassionate; one faithless, another faithful.... And I know that every one will confess that it would be most praiseworthy in a prince to exhibit all the above qualities that are considered good; but because they can neither be entirely possessed nor observed, for human conditions do not permit it, it is necessary for him to be sufficiently prident that he may know how to avoid the reproach of those vices which would lose him his state...

Concerning Cruelty and Clemency, and Whether it is Better to be Loved than Feared Upon this a question arises: whether it is better to be loved than feared or feared than loved? It may be answered that one should wish to be both, but, because it is difficult to unite them in one person, it is much safer to be feared than loved, when, of the two, either must be dispensed with. Because this is to be asserted in general of men, that they are ungrateful, fickle, false, cowardly, covetous, and as long as you successed they are yours entirely; they will offer you their blood, property, life, and children, as is said above, when the need is far distant; but when it approaches they turn against you. And that prince who, relying entirely on their promises, has neglected other precautions, is ruined; because friendships that are obtained by payments, and not by nobility or greatness of mind, may indeed be earned, but they are not secured, and in time of need cannot be relied upon; and men have less scruple in offending one who is beloved than one who is feared, for love is preserved by the link of obligation which, owing to the baseness of men, is broken at every opportunity for their advantage; but fear preserved you by a dread of punishment which never fails.

Nevertheless a prince ought to inspire fear in such a way that, if he does not win love, he avoids hatred; because he can endure very well being feared whilst he is not hated, which will always be as long as he abstains from the property of his citizens and subjects and from their women.

From: Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince, ed. W. K. Marriott. London: J. M. Dent and Sons, 1908, pp. 117-118, 129-131. This HTML text prepared by Belle Tuten of Emory University http://legacy.fordham.edu/halsall/source/prince-excerp.asp

http://legacy.fordham.edu/halsall/source/prince-excerp.asp

49

WHI.15c-d (Table from the VDOE Enhanced Scope and Sequence: World History I p229)

Italian Renaissance (15c) Northern Renaissance (15d)

Geographic

centers

Artists

Literature

Characteristics

50

Pictures of the Renaissance

What do these pictures have to do with the Renaissance?

52

Index of Pictures

p. 2

“World Map” www.hdwallpapers3d.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Blank-World-Map11.gif

p.3

"Stonehenge Wide Angle". By Naveen Keloth - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=28175456

"Aleppo Citadel 01" By Bernard Gagnon - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=11576683

"Jericho BW 1" By Berthold Werner - Own work, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=11798119

"Catal Hüyük 10" By Stipich Béla, CC BY 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=912731

p.7

"Ancient ziggurat at Ali Air Base Iraq 2005" By Hardnfast, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3544015

"Milkau Oberer Teil der Stele mit dem Text von Hammurapis Gesetzescode 369-2" By

Milkau_Oberer_Teil_der_Stele_mit_dem_Text_von_Hammurapis_Gesetzescode_369-2.jpg: Luestling derivative work: Fred the Oyster

(talk) - Milkau_Oberer_Teil_der_Stele_mit_dem_Text_von_Hammurapis_Gesetzescode_369-2.jpg, Public Domain,

https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=9812640

"Ebla clay tablet" By http://www.atlastours.net/syria/translation.jpg, Public Domain,


p.8

"Hieroglyphics from the Karnak temple" by Glenn Ashton - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia "All Gizah

Pyramids" By Ricardo Liberato - All Gizah Pyramids, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2258048

"Detail aus dem Grab des Sennudjem" By Ignati - Own work, Public Domain,


"Vallee fertile du Nil a Louxor". Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=132837

"Hieroglyphics from the Karnak temple" By Glenn Ashton - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,


p.9

"Another view of the ruins of Moenjodaro" By M.Bastle Ullah - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,


"Oracle bones at Pitt Rivers Museum" By BabelStone - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,


"Hanzi (traditional)" By Pmx - Own work, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1645894

“Dynastic Cycle” -

http://sigma.indwes.edu/MEDTRADSP12/kristina.vandermeer/TWS%20Storage/Lesson%20plan%206%20assignment%20Mandate%20of%

20Heaven.htm

http://www.hdwallpapers3d.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Blank-World-Map11.gif















http://sigma.indwes.edu/MEDTRADSP12/kristina.vandermeer/TWS%20Storage/Lesson%20plan%206%20assignment%20Mandate%20of%20Heaven.htm

http://sigma.indwes.edu/MEDTRADSP12/kristina.vandermeer/TWS%20Storage/Lesson%20plan%206%20assignment%20Mandate%20of%20Heaven.htm

53

p.10

"Phoenizisches alphabet" CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=204580

"Jerusalem 079" By © Túrelio (via Wikimedia-Commons), 1995 /, CC BY-SA 3.0 de,


"Hebrew Sefer Torah Scroll side view" By Bejinhan - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,


"Patriarch Abraham" By Anonymous - days.pravoslavie.ru, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=37813611

p.11

"Faravahar". CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=199969

p.14

"GreatWallTower" By Leonard G. - own work by Leonard G.taken from en.wikipedia, CC SA 1.0,


"Chrysanthemum porcelain vase with three colors" By No machine-readable author provided. ○rz assumed (based on copyright claims). -

No machine-readable source provided. Own work assumed (based on copyright claims)., CC BY 2.5,


"Benoit Pierre Emery silk scarf" By 20centurys - Own work, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2662201

"Origami moulin" By Totodu74 - Own work, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6416134

“Silkroutes” By Roylee - User created, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=573928

p.15

“Esoteric Taijitu” By Kenny Shen - Own work, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2612981

p.20

“Parthenon” By Tim Bekaert (talk · contribs) - Own work, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=180383

“Bust Pericles Chiaramonti” By Unknown - Jastrow (2006), Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1291225

“Head of Socrates in Palazzio Massimo alle Terme (Rome)” By Livioandronico2013 - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0,


“Platon” Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=884405

“Aristotle Altemps Inv8575” By Copy of Lysippus - Jastrow (2006), Public Domain,


“AlexanderTheGreat Bust” By Unknown - © Andrew Dunn (3 December 2004), website: http://www.andrewdunnphoto.com/, CC BY-SA

2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=531476

“Colunas Templo” By S.P. (Geosapiens) - Unknown, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4284885

“MacedonEmpire” By Generic Mapping Tools - created by user, CC BY-SA 3.0,





















54

p.21

“Outline map of Europe” http://www.glencoe.com/vaessentials/gwhea/soltwa/OMRB_31.jpg

p.26

“HannibalFrescoCapitolinec1510” By user:Liftarn - Source: antmoose, June 4 2005Released to Creative Commons by the photographer, CC

BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=583538

“Gaius Iulius Caesar Vatican” By Unknown - roma musei vaticani, Public Domain,


“Statue-Augustus” By Till Niermann - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=388210

“Christ, by Heinrich Hofmann” By Heinrich Hofmann - "Christ And The Rich Young Ruler" public domain picture, Public Domain,


“Pantheon panorama, Rome-5” By Maros M r a z (Maros) - Own work, CC BY 2.5,


“Paris Arc de Triomphe 011” By Vassil - Own work, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=30351071

“Colosseum in Rome-April 2007-1-copie 2B” By Diliff - Photograph by Diliff, edited by Vassil, CC BY-SA 2.5,


“Pont du gard” CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=33136

p.28

“Outline map of Europe” http://www.glencoe.com/vaessentials/gwhea/soltwa/OMRB_31.jpg

p.30

“Byzantine Constantinople de 150dpi“ By Byzantine Constantinople-de.svg: *Byzantine_Constantinople.svg: Cplakidasderivative work:

Furfurderivative work: Furfur - This file was derived fromByzantine Constantinople-de.svg:, CC BY-SA 3.0,


“Constantine I Hagia Sophia” By File:Hagia_Sophia_Southwestern_entrance_mosaics.jpg: Photograph: Myrabelladerivative work:

Myrabella - This file was derived fromHagia Sophia Southwestern entrance mosaics.jpg:, Public Domain,


“Mosaic of Justinianus I - Basilica San Vitale (Ravenna)” By Petar Milošević - Basilica of Saint Vitalis, CC BY-SA 4.0,


“Hagia Sophia 09” By Osvaldo Gago - Photographer: Osvaldo Gago, CC BY-SA 3.0,


“Pope Francis in March 2013” By Casa Rosada (Argentina Presidency of the Nation), CC BY-SA 2.0,


“Bartolomeo I” By Massimo Finizio - Own work (own photo), CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3020437

“1 Saint Basils Cathedral” By Julius Silver - Own work, GFDL, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=46508155

“T25-011” Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=622831

http://www.glencoe.com/vaessentials/gwhea/soltwa/OMRB_31.jpg









http://www.glencoe.com/vaessentials/gwhea/soltwa/OMRB_31.jpg









55

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“A packed house - Flickr - Al Jazeera English800x600x300” By Al Jazeera English http://www.flickr.com/people/32834977@N03 -

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_packed_house_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg, CC BY-SA 2.5,


“Opened Qur'an” By Flickr.com user "el7bara" - http://www.flickr.com/photos/el7bara/45540389/, CC BY 2.0,


“4بة صخرة ق By Dr. Abdullah Marouf - Dr. Abdullah Marouf, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=26356381 ”ال

“16-04-04-Detail-Felsendom-Jerusalem-RalfR-WAT 6362” By Ralf Roletschek - Own work, GFDL 1.2,


“Arabic calligraphy” By Robert.M - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=23592267

“CursiveFour” By Unknown - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11403a.htm, Public Domain,


“Ohnos-lexical-law-fig2” By Tossh eng - Own work, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5320520

“Compass” CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=575870

“Astrolabio andalusí Toledo 1067 (M.A.N.) 04” By Luis García, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5587833

p.36

“Karl den store krons av leo III” Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=392062

“13thcentury knight ilustration” By Mariana ruiz LadyofHats - the image I did myself based on the information of the books: "Historische

waffen und rüstungen" von Liliane und Fred Funcken and "An historical guide to arms and armour" by Stephen Bull, Public Domain,


“Viking ship in Stockholms strom” By Tage Olsin - Own work (Photo taken by me), CC BY-SA 2.0,


“Serfs” Digital image. Life in Normans/Medieval. History Cookbook, n.d. Web. http://cookit.e2bn.org/historycookbook/27-314-Life-in-

normans-medieval.html

“Altlandsberg manor” By Doris Antony, Berlin - photo taken by Doris Antony, CC BY-SA 3.0,


p. 42

“Mitos y Fantasias de los aztecas foto 7” By Guillermo Marín and "Gumr51 (uploader)" - "from File:Mitos y fantasías de los aztecas.djvu",

CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=17893765

“Chichen Itza 2006 08 15” By Raymond Ostertag - Self-photographed, CC BY-SA 2.5,


“Peru Machu Picchu Sunrise 2” By Allard Schmidt (The Netherlands) - Own work, Public Domain,


p. 43

“Outline map of Medieval Europe” http://axisandallies.wikia.com/wiki/Late_Medieval_Europe













http://cookit.e2bn.org/historycookbook/27-314-Life-in-normans-medieval.html

http://cookit.e2bn.org/historycookbook/27-314-Life-in-normans-medieval.html





http://axisandallies.wikia.com/wiki/Late_Medieval_Europe

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p. 46

“Ingres coronation charles vii” By Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres - cartelfr.louvre.fr, Public Domain,


“William the Conquerer” Digital image. Wikipedia. N.p., n.d. Web.

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/King_William_I_%28%27The_Conqueror%27%29_from_NPG.jpg

“Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain” Digital image. On This Day: Jews Banished From Spain During Spanish Inquisition. N.p., n.d. Web.

http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/March/Jews-Banished-From-Spain-During-Spanish-Inquisition.html

“Nikolay Shustov 002” By Nikolay Semyonovich Shustov - Unknown, Public Domain,


“Pope Urban II” By Artaud de Montor (1772–1849) - http://archive.org/details/thelivesandtimes00montuoft, Public Domain,


“Jerusalem Dome of the rock BW 14” By Berthold Werner - Own work, Public Domain,


“Cristofano dell'altissimo, saladino, ante 1568 - Serie Gioviana” By Cristofano dell'Altissimo - Atlante dell'arte italiana, Public Domain,


“Boccaccio's 'The plague of Florence in 1348' Wellcome L0072143” By

http://wellcomeimages.org/indexplus/obf_images/94/87/1525a0a55ff1650305998e4db1c0.jpgGallery:

http://wellcomeimages.org/indexplus/image/L0072143.html, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=36273749

“Tyniec 13” By © Marek and Ewa Wojciechowscy / Trips over Poland, CC BY-SA 3.0,


p. 50

“Santi di Tito - Niccolo Machiavelli's portrait” By Santi di Tito - Cropped and enhanced from a book cover found on Google Images., Public

Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=934421

“Leonardo da Vinci - presumed self-portrait - WGA12798” By Leonardo da Vinci - Web Gallery of Art: Image Info about artwork, Public

Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15497207

“Leonardo da Vinci - Mona Lisa” By Leonardo da Vinci - (Upload Sept. 19, 2010) Au plus près des oeuvres ! -

http://musee.louvre.fr/zoom/index.html (Microsoft Silverlight required), Public Domain,


“Leonardo da Vinci - The Last Supper high res” By Leonardo da Vinci - File:Última_Cena_-_Da_Vinci_5.jpg, Public Domain,


“Michelangelo-Buonarroti1” By Jacopino del Conte - GEO Epoche: Die italianissima che Renaissance., Public Domain,


“'David' by Michelangelo JBU0001” By Jörg Bittner Unna - Own work, CC BY 3.0,


“Michelangelo - Creation of Adam” By Michelangelo - See below., Public Domain,


“Petrarch” Digital image. N.p., n.d. Web. http://epicworldhistory.blogspot.com

“Hand printing press (ubt)” CC BY 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=10710


https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/King_William_I_%28%27The_Conqueror%27%29_from_NPG.jpg

http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/March/Jews-Banished-From-Spain-During-Spanish-Inquisition.html














http://epicworldhistory.blogspot.com/


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“Gutenberg Bible” By Raul654, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=36892

“Holbein-erasmus2” Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2320

“Hans Holbein, the Younger - Sir Thomas More - Google Art Project” By This file is lacking author information. - WQEnBYMfBeoSdg at

Google Cultural Institute, zoom level maximum, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=13466190




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