why we go for solar
TRANSCRIPT
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CO2 CYCLE
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What is a carbon footprint?
Carbon footprint (FP):
is the total set of
GHG (greenhouse
gas) emissionscaused directly and
indirectly by an
individual,
organization, event orproduct
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Green House Gases
World GHG emissionsare 34 Gt CO2e / year
The global averagecarbon footprint is ~6
tons CO2e / year /person
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Global Warming
The Earths temperature increases as result of the build-up of heat-
trapping (i.e. greenhouse) gases.
A higher frequency of extreme climatic events (drought, floods) is
predicted.
Coastal flooding due to rising sea level: potential salinization of fresh
groundwater supplies
Change in plant and animal populations increase of some species, potentially pests & pathogens
loss of agricultural crops
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Predictions Based on Present Rate of Global Warming Gas
Emission
Global Mean Temperature Rise of 0.3 C per decade
Non-uniform temperature rise (greater increase in polar regions)
Sea-level rise of 6 cm per decade
Non-uniform increase in rainfall
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OLDEN DAYS
Energy use has changed a greatdeal since people relied solely on
the sun, their own strong bodies
or beasts of burden as energy
resources.
Long ago, people learned how
to use water power to turnpaddle wheels and wind power
for transportation and irrigation.
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People learned to use
the chemical energy
stored in materialslike wood to cook and
heat their homes.
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NOWDAYS ENERGY USAGE
But machines and
technologies are
introduced during theIndustrial Revolution
of the late 18th
century required the
use of other energyresources, especially
fossil fuels.
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Fossil fuels
Fossil fuels like coal,
oil and natural gas
are considered to benonrenewable energy
resources.
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Depletion of Fossil Fuel
Our fossil fuel reserves formed overmillions of years from decaying plants
and animals.
As we use them up, they will not be
replenished in our lifetimes.
With the modern world depending uponcoal, oil and gas for a majority of itsenergy needs and the prediction that theworld will nearly double its need forenergy resources in several decades, itis important to conserve energy and toinvestigate alternate energy resources
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There are many renewableenergy sources that arealternatives to fossil fuels, butsome are not without
controversy. For instance, nuclear power is
used to generate about 25percent of the worldselectricity, but it has inherentrisks, especially in the disposal
of radioactive waste.
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Renewable Energies
Hydroelectric plants use running water togenerate electricity, however they may
flood nearby lands and can disrupt the
normal flow of water, both of which
negatively affect the environment.
Wind power is increasingly being
used as a clean source of
renewable energy.
Turbines harvest wind on wind
farms and generate electricity.
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Consider the alternative
energy options
After this analysis, you need toconsider alternative energy options to
provide energy where and when itsneeded. You do some research todetermine the site- and process-specific energy needs of most of the
rural population and match up theresults with solar-based solutions.
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A small PV system may do
the job
You find that in many instances, a
small photovoltaic system may be the
answer for powering lights, televisionand radio on family farms.
Photovoltaics, you learn, are solar cells
that convert sunlight to electricity.
Depending on the amount of powerneeded, the modules can be wired
together into arrays.
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A 1-kW system can meet
basic needs
For a typical small farm, an array rated
at about 1 kilowatt would provide
sufficient energy to meet the basicelectrical needs of a family of four to
power lights, television, radio, a small
refrigerator and a microwave oven.
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Battery storage is important
But the sun doesnt shine at night,
and even the paradise of Isle de Soleilhas some rainy days. You learn that
regular 12-volt car batteries can store
the solar energy generated during the
day for nighttime use, but new battery
technologies are even better. In
addition, a charge controller installed
between the solar array and the battery
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Solar power is a promising, renewable energy
resource than can be turned into electricity, andit is used in many toys and even home heating.
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Photovoltaics
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PV System Components
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oClean
oSustainable
oFree
oProvide Electricity to RemotePlaces
Advantages of Solar Energy
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Final Thought
Argument that sun provides power only during the day is countered by the fact that 70% ofenergy demand is during daytime hours. At night, traditional methods can be used togenerate the electricity.
Goal is to decrease our dependence on fossil fuels.
Currently, 75% of our electrical power is generated by coal-burning and nuclear powerplants.
Mitigates the effects of acid rain, carbon dioxide, and other impacts of burning coal andcounters risks associated with nuclear energy.
pollution free, indefinitely sustainable.