Where is all the water?

All of you will be able to describe the distribution of water using dataMost of you will be able to explain why water is a limited resourceSome of you should be able to suggest why water resources are becoming more precious

LO: to know where all the water on earth is and why it is a limited resource

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Where is all the water?

1. In your rough book make a list of ALL the places you can think of where stores of water can be found.

2. When you have done that list them in order of which you think stores the most to the least.

1. Seas and Oceans2. Ice caps3. Groundwater4. Snow and Ice

e.g. glaciers, snowmen

5. Lakes & rivers6. Swamps,

marshes and soil7. Atmosphere

(clouds etc.)

There is 1,386,000,000 km3

of water on earth (including ice caps and atmosphere).

Fresh water in groundwater, swamp water, rivers, and lakes (10,633,450 km3)

Fresh water in all the lakes and rivers on the planet (93,113 km3)

Freshwater %

Ice caps, glaciers and permanent snow 68.7

Groundwater 30.0

Surface freshwater 1.3

All water on earth %

Salt water (oceans, seas etc.) 97

Saline groundwater 2

Freshwater 1

Surface Freshwater %

Ice and snow 73

Lakes & rivers 20.5

Soil, swamps & marshes 6.2

Atmosphere 0.3

2. Use the information to describe where our water is. Consider how much is fresh / saline

(salty) / frozen / underground etc.

97.0

1.3 2.0All the Water on earth %

Salt water

Freshwater

Saline groundwater

73.0

20.5

6.2 0.3Surface Freshwater%

Ice and snowLakes & riversSoil, swamps etcAtmosphere

68.7

30.0

1.3Freshwater%

Ice caps, glaciers etc

Groundwater

Surface freshwater

2. Use the information to describe where our water is. Consider how much is fresh / saline

(salty) / frozen / underground etc.

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The Water Cycle

4. Below your diagram glue in your key terms and match them up to their definitions.

5. The water cycle is a closed system. Why do you think it is called this? (The water cycle is a closed system because …)

6. How might humans affect the water cycle?

7. Can we get more water if we need it? Explain your answer

3. Water doesn’t stay in the same place all the time, it moves around using something called the Hydrological (Water) Cycle. Cut out your diagram of the hydrological cycle and glue it in.

Evaporation Seeping of water into soil

Evapotranspiration Loss of moisture from plants

Groundwater flow Moisture that falls from the sky in any form (e.g. snow or rain)

Infiltration Collection of water by vegetation

Interception Can be done indefinitely without affecting the future

Precipitation Movement of water through the soil

Surface runoff Water turning into water vapour

Sustainable All water flowing on the earth’s surface

Through flow The sum of evaporation from the surface and plant transpiration

Transpiration The upper level of underground water

Water Table Movement of water underground through rocks

If the amount of water hasn’t changed why is it

becoming more precious?

The River System

Part of the water (hydrological) cycle is the River System. There are 4 main parts to the system and each has a role. Match each part to it’s descriptionInputs Water stored in lakes, rocks, soil or plants. This is

often temporary and linked to rainfall amountsStores Where water is lost from the system as rivers

reach the sea or through evapotranspiration Transfers Water entering the system through precipitationOutputs Processes that move water through the system

e.g. surface run off and infiltration

The River System

1. Is the river system a closed system? Explain your answer

2. If humans affect the river cycle, they are also affecting the water cycle. How can humans affect the river cycle?

3. What would happen to the amount of water in the river system if there was a lot of rainfall for a period of time? Consider stores, transfers and outputs

transfer