Yugoslavia

Poland

Czeochoslovakia

BalticStates

Hungary

Romania

Italy

Greece

France

WesternEurope

Whatisthemessageofthisimage?

WhydidStalincreateSovietsatellitestatesinEasternEurope?

Aim:TounderstandthereasoningandimportanceofStalinsettingupthesesatellitestates

TheSovietRedArmyfreedmanyEasternEuropean

countriesfromtheNazisasitmovedtowardsGermanyasWW2cametoanend.

Whenthewarwasover,Stalinwasreluctanttogiveuphiscontrolofthese

countriesastheyactedasabufferzone betweenGermanyandUSSR.

Soyousee,havingfreedmuchofEuropefromtheNazis,it’sonlyrightthatIremainincontrolofthesecountries!Itwillbesensibleofcourseforthesecountriestoelectcommunist

governmentsthatcanbecontr…ImeansupportedbyMoscow!

Also,ChurchillagreedtoletmecontrolEasternEuropethroughthepercentagesdeal!Lookatyoursourceforproof!

Whatisthis?

Whatarethese?

+ =

SATELLITESTATESStalinsetupsatellitestatesformingabufferzoneinEasternEurope.Thesestates’became’communistandwerecontrolledfromMoscow.ThiswaswhyTrumanwassoanxiousattheearlierconferencesthatelectionsinEasternEuropewouldholdfreeelections,Truman

worriedabouttheSovietsbuildingamassiveforcetomovewest.

See,justwhatIthought,evidencethatyouwanttospreadcommunismworldwide.Thetensionisgettingalmostunbearable,whodoyouthinkyouareStalin?

You’reparanoidyouidiot,theseelectionsare‘free’,ok,abitofpressurefromMoscow,maybe!Buttakeovertheworld?Ha,IjustwanttoprotectUSSRfromyour

dominationplans!

Turnyourbooklandscapeandstickthismapin

Addinformationtoyourmapaswegothroughtherestofthislesson

Poland:

IhavenotforgottentheNon-AggressionPactPolandsignedwithFranceagainstUSSRinbetweenthetwoWorldWars!

Also,historicallywehavebeenattackedthroughPoland,asaresultPolandneedstobefriendlyandCommunisttoprotect

USSR!Itisallaboutsecurity

Also,justmaybe,itmightbeusefulifIwasplanninganexpansion

WhatreasonsdoesStalinwant

tocontrolPoland?

1. 1944– PolesrebelledagainsttheNazisintheWarsawuprising.TheNaziscrushedtherebellionwhichleftPolanddefencelessagainstSovietoccupation

2. June1945– Coalitiongovernmentsetup3. January1947– RiggedelectionstoensuretotallyCommunistgovernment‘elected’4. LeaderofmainoppositionpartyfledtoLondon

Romania:

1. Coalitiongovernmentsetupinearly19452. January1945– Communists,encouragedbyStalintookpartindemonstrationsto

disruptthegovernment3. March1945– Redarmyintervenedforcing thekingofRomaniatoappointPetru Groza

inchargeofCommunistgovernment4. November1946,electionswereheld,Communistwinning80%ofthevote5. 1947,CommunistgovernmenthadabolishedtheMonarchyinRomania

HowdoesTrumanfeelaboutthis?

Hungary:

1. Largestpartyin1945– Smallholder’sParty2. ExperiencedaneconomiccrisisandtheCommunistsseizedcontroloftheMinistryof

theInteriorwhichcontrolledthepolice3. Usingthiscontrol,CommunistsarrestedKovacs (leaderofSmallholder’sParty),andthe

PrimeMinisterNagy wasforcedtoresign4. GeneralelectionofAugust1947,Communistswerevictorious5. Allotherpartieswerethenbanned!

HowdoesTrumanfeelaboutthis?

Bulgaria:

1. Late1944aCommunist-dominatedgovernmentwassetup.2. November1945,Communistwona‘rigged’election3. 1946,allotherpartiesbanned

HowdoesTrumanfeelaboutthis?

Yugoslavia:

1. CommunistresistancefoughtbravelyagainsttheGermansduringthewar,itsleaderTitowaselectedPresident.

2. TitohadnointentionoftakingordersfromMoscow3. YugoslaviawasexpelledfromCominform4. OtherCommunistcountriesappliedeconomicsanctionsonYugolsavia5. TitochallengedStalinfurtherbyacceptingaidfromtheWest

HowdoesTrumanfeelaboutthis?

Czechoslovakia

1. Communistsalreadypopular,2. 1947- largestpartyinthecoalitiongovernmentcontrollingthepoliceandarmed

forces.3. 1948– SupportedbytheSovietstheyusedthearmytoseizefullcontrolofthecountry

inacoup4. Manynon-communistswerearrestedandtheforeignsecretaryMasarykwas

murdered.5. RiggedelectionsbroughtaCommunistvictory6. Allotherpartieswerebanned

HowdoesTrumanfeelaboutthis?

Whatisthemessageofthissource?

• BritainandUSAwerealarmedbyStalin’sactionsineasternEurope.• RooseveltandChurchillhadagreedthateasternEuropeshouldbea‘Sovietsphereof

influencebutnottotalSovietdomination• Theywereconvincedthatdemocraticallyelectedgovernments,friendlytotheSoviet

Unioncouldbesetupineachcountry

• However,StalinbelievedhecouldonlyensuresupportofeasternEuropebysettingupSoviet-controlledcommunistgovernments

• TrumansawthisasablatantattemptbyStalintospreadcommunismthroughoutEurope

• Churchill’sIronCurtainspeechsuggestedanalliancebetweenUSAandBritaintopreventfurtherexpansion

• Thisspeechworsened relationsbetweenthetwo,Stalinseeingitasdeliberatelyprovocative

SatelliteStates:

Organisetheseevents(countriesgoingcommunist)intochronologicalorder

• 1944- Warsawuprising(Poland)- PolestrytoriseagainstNazis- RedArmywaittillithadbeencrushed,theninvade.• 1944/45- RedArmytakeBulgariaandRomania• JAN1945- coalitiongovernmentsinPoland&Romania- byMarch1945- RedArmytakeoverfromRomanianarmy.• 1945- electionsinHungary• 1946- electionsinRomania• 1947- electionsinHungary,Poland- rigged/intimidationused.LeaderofoppositionarrestedinHungary.Communistselectedinbothcountries.Poland’s‘LondonPoles’imprisonedorhavetoflee.Oppositionbanned.• 1947- MonarchyinRomaniaabolished• 1948- Czechoslovakia- communistcoup-opposition(Benes)removed.Masarykmurdered.Communistgovernmentsetup

TensionCheck

Mild

Cool

Freezing

June1941:GrandAlliance

Nov1943:Tehran

conferenceMay1945VEDay

July1945Potsdamconference

August1945ABomb

droppedonJapan

Feb1946KennanLongTelegram

Sept1946NovikovTelegram

1944-48USSRtakeoverofsatellitestates

DecliningRelationsbetweenUSA&USSR

Links andProcess wordsBegan- startedBecame- turnedintoDeveloped- turnedintoRealised- happenedChanged- alteredEnded- cametoastopGrew- gotbiggerFollowed- happenedafterward

Improved- gotbetterIncreased- gotmoreIntensified- gotmoreReinforced- strengthenedWorsened- gotworseDeteriorated- gotworsePivotal – ofcentralimportance

Q2:TheNarrative[8marks]

Showsomethingishappening

Q2:TheNarrative[8marks]1. Chooseastorythatyouknowreally well,amovieplot,tv show,anurseryrhyme,an

eventinyourownlife.2. Selectupto8keyeventsfromthatstoryandlisttheminachronologicalsequence

(ideallyfromthebeginning,middleandend).3. Createaflowchartwitharrows linkingoneeventtothenextinthesequence,label

yourarrowsfromthediagrambelow.4.Writeanarrativeaccountanalysingthekeyeventsofyourstory.Usethelinks (part3)andatleast5process wordsfromthesuitcasebelowtoexplainanoutcome.Remember,eventscancombinewithfeelingsorcircumstancesthatchangedordevelopedasthenarrativegoeson.

RudolphtheRedNosedReindeer- anarrativeanalysis!RudolphtheRedNosedReindeerhadaveryshinynose,andifyoueversawit,youwouldevensayitglowed.……………………….alloftheotherreindeerusedtolaughandthis………………asthey…………….callhimnames.Difficulties……………..astheyneverletpoorRudolphjoininanyreindeergames.

…………….,onefoggyChristmasEve,Santacametosay,‘Rudolphwithyournosesobright,won’tyouguidemysleightonight?’………………….,allthereindeerslovedhimandrelations………………whentheyshoutedoutwithglee,‘RudolphtheRedNosedReindeer,you’llgodowninHistory’.

Problemsdevelopedwhen worsened

beganto intensified

Pivotally Consequently

improved

RewriteRudolphusingthelinksandprocessingwordsbelow

RudolphtheRedNosedReindeer-anarrativeanalysis!RudolphtheRedNosedReindeerhadaveryshinynose,andifyoueversawit,youwouldevensayitglowed.Problemsdevelopedwhenalloftheotherreindeerusedtolaughandthisworsened asthey begantocallhimnames.Difficultiesintensified astheyneverletpoorRudolphjoininanyreindeergames.

Pivotally,onefoggyChristmasEve,Santacametosay,‘Rudolphwithyournosesobright,won’tyouguidemysleightonight?’Consequently,allthereindeerslovedhimandrelationsimproved whentheyshoutedoutwithglee,‘RudolphtheRedNosedReindeer,you’llgodowninHistory’.

NarrativeAccount[8]

Writeanarrativeaccountanalysing… [x]… [8]

• Identifythefirstevent“thefirsteventleadingto…”

• Explainitsroledirectlyrelatedtothequestion

• Makeitclearhowthislinkstothenextevent(para2)“asaresultof..Ledto… inadditionto”

Paper2A:ColdWarQ2:

Remember

Paragraph1:Firstevent

• Youranswershouldbeinchronologicalorder.

• Itshouldclearlyshowhoweacheventfollowsonfromthelast.

• Referbacktothequestionwitheachevent

• Planyouranswerbyjottingtheeventsincorrectorderyou’lldiscuss

Paragraph2:2nd event• Identifythe2ndevent

followingonfromtheendofparagraph1‘setup’

• Explainitsroledirectlyrelatedtothequestion

• Makeitclearhowthislinkstothenextevent“asaresultof..Ledto… inadditionto”

Paragraph3:3rd event• Identifythe3rdevent

followingonfromtheendofparagraph2‘setup’

• Explainitsroledirectlyrelatedtothequestion

StickyoustructurestripinandanswerthefollowingQ2,thenewnarrativequestion.

Useyourannotatedmaptohelpyouandtheconnectivesbelow…

Homework