Westinghouse Pressurized Water Reactors

Westinghouse Pressurized Water ReactorsGeneration II

Generation III+

versusPresented by: Jonathan Varesko

Brief HistoryR.E. GinnaCommissioned in June of 19703rd oldest reactor in the United States still in operation (beaten out by Nine Mile Point 1 and Oyster Creek both commissioned December 1969)610 MWe output following power uprate in 2006 (up from 525 MWe at time of commissioning)AP 1000No currently in-service reactors, though worldwide construction on 8 reactors is underwayThe newest NRC approved reactor design (initially approved in 2004) and the first US reactor to be issued a COL since 19771,117 MWe output using a 2-loop, 4-leg design

Primary SystemR.E. Ginna2-loop, 2-leg Vertical, centrifugal type RCP

Primary System (cont.)AP 10002-loop, 4-leg Vertical, centrifugal type, canned motor RCPIntegrated Reactor Head assemblyIncreased Pressurizer size

ECCS SystemsR.E. GinnaSafety Injection (SI) System - AccumulatorsResidual Heat Removal (RHR) SystemHigh Pressure Safety Injection (HPSI)Chemical Volume Control System (CVCS)Containment Cooling HVAC EquipmentDiesel GeneratorsContainment/Core SprayComponent Cooling Water (CCW) System

ECCS Systems (cont.)AP 1000Passive Core Cooling SystemPassive Containment Cooling System

Secondary SystemR.E. Ginna & AP 1000Steam Generators1 HP and 2 LP Turbines (Ginna) or 1 HP and 3 LP Turbines (AP 1000)Feedwater SystemCirculating Water SystemOther Miscellaneous Systems

Digital DesignAP 1000Multiplexed CommunicationsRedundant Fiber Optic Trains with Battery-Backed PSUsBig Picture Awareness for Control Room Operators via Multiple Large DisplaysFlexibility in TestingLess Reliant on Immediate Operator Actions for Safety Functions

O&M and Cost SavingsR.E. GinnaCost of electricity for consumers approximately $0.04 - $0.046/kWhDozens of monthly/quarterly surveillances required for safety related/safety significant equipment

AP1000Cost of electricity for consumers approximately $0.03 0.035/kWhPassive safety systems reduce overall cost and required surveillances on equipmentReduced O&M staffing for safe, reliable operation (33% less staff)

Summary and ConclusionsAP 1000 is a proven safe design with more reliable core cooling capabilities than earlier generation plantsAP 1000 is more cost-effective due to design, staffing requirements, and O&M costs making it competitive even in a reduced value per kWh market where natural gas thrivesAP 1000s passive design and big picture control room are the future of nuclear reliability, safety, and public perceptionCurrently operating reactors have a finite operating lifespan, the AP 1000 is the first step of many towards a safer, more reliable, and technologically advanced nuclear fleet

SourcesBaumgarten, Sven; Brecht, B.; Bruhns, U. (2010)Reactor Coolant Pump Type RUV for Westinghouse Reactor AP1000. KSB Aktiengesellschaft. Retrieved from: http://www.ewp.rpi.edu/hartford/~ernesto/F2011/EP/MaterialsforStudents/Stack/ Baumgarten2010.pdf.Belles, Randy (2006). Summer Seminar on the Westinghouse AP-1000 Reactor. Advanced Reactor Systems Group - Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Retrieved from: http://web.ornl.gov/sci/nsed/outreach/presentation/2006/Belles_Seminar_R1.pdf.International Atomic Energy Association (2011). AP 1000 Overview. Retrieved from: http://www.iaea.org/NuclearPower/Downloads/ Technology/meetings/2011-Jul-4-8-ANRT-WS/2_USA_UK_AP1000_Westinghouse _Pfister.pdf.R. E. Ginna Nuclear Power Plant UFSAR Revision 24. April 19th 2013. Retrieved from: Ginna Public Network Drive, Available from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.Schene, Roger (2007). Westinghouse Electric Company LLC. The Westinghouse Advanced Passive Pressurized Water Reactor, AP1000. Retrieved from: http://gp05 .ovh.org/upload/195_compte_rendu.pdf.Westinghouse Nuclear. Engineering Energy May, 2012. Retrieved from: http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/docs/News_Room/ E2May2012.pdf.Westinghouse Nuclear (2011). Various Overviews and Presentations. Retrieved from: http://ap1000.westinghousenuclear.com/ap1000_glance.html