week 2 2010 paraphrasing
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Paraphrasing
FMHS
Semester 2
Session 2
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Overview
• FMHS blog
• Paraphrasing
• Nominalisation
• Review of noun phrase structure
• Paraphrase practice
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Paraphrasing
• Since traditional medicine was incorporated in the World Health Organisation's programmes in 1976, the gulf between traditional and modern systems appears to have narrowed to some extent.
• The incorporation of traditional medicine into the World Health Organisation's programmes in 1976 seems to have gone some way towards reducing the gap between the traditional and modern systems.
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Your FMHS blog
http://www.mhs.manchester.ac.uk/trainingteam/
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Paraphrasing
• was incorporated
• the gulf
• appears
• to have narrowed
• to some extent
• The incorporation
• The gap
• seems
• reducing
• to have gone some way
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Techniques: changing vocabulary
• conduct an experiment
• perform an experiment
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Techniques: changing verb form
• The questionnaire asked (active) students how they felt about ...
• Students were asked (passive) how they felt about ...
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Techniques: changing word class
• The machines are designed to serve a number of functions (noun phrase)
• The machines are designed to be multi-functional (adjective)
• The course was introduced (verb) last year.
• The introduction of the course (noun phrase) last year
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Practice
• In 1976 traditional medicine was incorporated into the World Health Organisations programmes, and this has gone some way towards narrowing …..
• Following the incorporation of traditional medicine into the World Health Organisations programmes, the gulf between …….
• The incorporation of traditional medicine into the World Health Organisations programmes has brought about a ……
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Nominalisation
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• The course was introduced last year
• The introduction of the course last year resulted in a significant increase in the number of postgraduate students in the department.
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• Manchester was transformed from a market town to a city after 1761.
• The transformation of Manchester from a market town to a city after 1761 was remarkable in the history of urbanisation.
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• The Liverpool and Manchester railway opened in 1830.
• The opening of the Liverpool and Manchester railway in 1830 brought increased prosperity to both cities.
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• In 1846, John Owens, a successful Manchester cotton merchant, died and bequeathed his wealth to the establishment of a College that bore his name.
• In1846, the death of John Owens, a successful Manchester cotton merchant, and the bequest of his wealth to the establishment of a College that bore his name, marked the beginnings of Manchester University.
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Noun phrase structure
Medical
University
Professor Healey's
research
into the causes of heart disease
funded by the Medical Council
investigating the causes of heart disease
which investigates the causes of heart disease
of this group
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Important
lifestyle
regional
the early appearance of personality
changes
to primary care trusts
in disease risk over time
in air pollution over the last 160 years
in daily activity
in cardiovascular disease
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Prostate Research
regional
Vaccination
national kidney disease prevention campaign
The objective of the campaign
campaign
to heighten awareness of celiac
disease
to promote more appropriate use of antibiotics
about heart disease in women sponsored by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
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recent
a significant public health concern
lack ofconcern
for people with Alzheimer's
for thyroid patients on this important issue
about potential bleeding problems
concern over rapid rise of chronic kidney disease
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low
estimates of the
the peak
changes in the
incidence
model
statistics for Heart disease
of sexually transmitted diseases in the United States
of infectious diseases in poor areas
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a sharp
an unexpected
an alarming rise rise
of sexually transmitted diseases in the United States
of infectious diseases in poor areas
of about 50 per cent in cases for both
in the number of diagnosed cases of
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the recommended
a quick and effective
a computer-based method
for administering smallpox vaccine
for the diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases
for assessing regional brain atrophy
based on minute shifts in the …..
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the previous
the current
health
global
issue
of emerging infectious diseases