1

2

3

4

5

6

Boiling Hot, Freezing Cold

Coldest

1 7 13

2 8 14

3 9 15

4 10 16

5 11 17

6 12 18

Hottest

2. Which temperature surprised you the most_____________________ Why? _____________________________________________________

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Goal • Use this word search puzzle to review Key Terms from Chapter 4.

Create a list of 20 words or phrases from the descriptions below. Then find the words in the puzzle that follows. Words in phrases are not found together in the puzzle.

1. Can indicate whether you are sick2. When the body is too cold to recover3. Comfortable surroundings at home4. Temperature measuring device in a thermostat5. To put the correct scale on a thermometer6. Sets zero for freezing point of water and one hundred for boiling point of water7. First widely used temperature scale8. Sets zero for coldest possible temperature9. Temperature sensing device made of two metals in which electric current shows temperature difference between ends of metals10. Image showing temperature that is taken

with film sensitive to infrared radiation11. Common temperature measuring device12. Measures temperature changes but has no scale13. If your body temperature is above 37C,

you might have this14. These animals bask in the Sun to raise

their body temperature15. This scientist invented one of the first

instruments for measuring temperature16. Scientists often use this term to describe

the coldest possible temperature17. You can use this to set the temperature

of your home18. These are usually set at a temperature of 4C19. You might choose a temperature of 160C

if you are using this

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20. To do this comfortably, many people set the temperature at 18C

Goal • Use this crossword puzzle to review Key Terms from Chapter 4.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7 8

9

10 11

12

Across 5 Temperature sensing device that

can withstand very high temperatures

9 Kept at 18C10 First widely used temperature

scale11 To place the correct scale on a

thermometer

Down1 A number that combines the

effects of cold temperatures and wind

2 Temperature sensor used in thermostats

3 Animals that generate enough heat to maintain a constant temperature

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12 Indicates changes of temperature but not specific temperature

4 Body temperature is dangerously low

6 Bake at 250C7 Scale in which zero is the

temperature at which water freezes

8 Scale starts at absolute zeroComparison of the Kelvin (K), Celsius (ºC) and Fahrenheit (ºF) Scales

Place a ruler across each of the THREE thermometers to compare the following temperatures:

1. Boiling water = 373.15 Kelvin________Celcius ________ Fahrenheit

2. Water freezes = _______ Kelvin, ________Celcius ________Fahrenheit

3. Body Temperature _______ Kelvin, ______Celcius ________Fahrenheit

4. Room Temperature= ______ Kelvin, ______Celcius ______ Fahrenheit

5. Absolute zero = _______ Kelvin, ______Celcius ________ Fahrenheit

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Calibrating a Thermometer

To calibrate a thermometer means ________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________.

Write the SEVEN steps for calibrating a thermometer in the space provided below (page 125):

1. _______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________.

2. _______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

3. _______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________.

4. _______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________.

5. _______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________.

6. _______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________.

7. _______________________________________________________________

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______________________________________________________________.

Comprehension questions

1. If you were asked what room temperature is, why would it not be possible to give a specific temperature?

2. What is hypothermia?

3. Estimate the temperatures of the following items.(a) a cup of soup __________(b) the flame of a candle __________(c) the record cold temperature in Québec __________(d) an ice cream cone __________(e) a person who has the flu __________(f) a carton of ice cream in a freezer __________(g) a container of juice in a refrigerator __________(h) a container of juice on a kitchen table __________

4. What is the difference between a thermoscope and a thermometer?

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5. Explain how Galileo’s air thermometer showed a change in the temperature.

6. What does “absolute zero” mean?

7. If you were told that an object had a temperature of –14°C, would you pick it up with your bare hands? Why or why not?

8. Explain why one person might touch an object and say it was cool while another person touches the same object and says that it is warm?

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Grade 7 Science Summary Chapter 4

Temperature describes how hot or cold an object is.1. Temperature of Everyday Items and Places• Body temperature is 37ºC.• Room temperature is between 20ºC and 23ºC.• The freezing temperature of water is 0ºC• The boiling temperature of water is 100ºC.• The temperature in a refrigerator is 4ºC.• The temperature in a freezer is –18ºC.

2. Thermoscopes and Thermometers• Thermoscopes have no scale and show only changes in temperature.• Thermometers have scales that can show numerical values of temperature.• Thermoscopes and thermometers must contain something that changes visibly when the temperature changes.

3. Temperature Scales• Many scientists developed temperature scales.• Two substances of known temperature are needed to calibrate a thermometer to create a scale.• The Fahrenheit scale was the first widely used scale. On the Fahrenheit scale, 32ºF is the freezing point of water and 212ºF is the boiling point of water.• Today, the Celsius scale is the most widely used scale. On the Celsius scale, 0ºC is the freezing point of water, and 100ºC is the boiling point of water.• The Kelvin scale is based on absolute zero -273 ºC . The lowest possible temperature is assigned a value of 0 K on the Kelvin scale.

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4. Modern Temperature Measuring Devices• When flat strips of two different metals are sealed together, they form a bimetallic strip that bends when heated or cooled. This phenomenon can be used to measure temperature.• When wires of two different metals are joined together at both ends, they form a thermocouple. When the two joined ends are at different temperatures, a current passes through the wires. The amount of current can be correlatedwith the temperature difference between the two ends.• The amount of infrared radiation emitted by an object is related to its temperature

Goal • Check your understanding of Chapter 4.

What to DoCircle the letter of the best answer. 1. Which is normal body temperature for a person?

A. 37CB. 37F C. 98.6CD. 98.6 K

 2. A temperature of 22C would be normal for which case?A. body temperature for a birdB. comfortable room temperature C. outside temperature in Newfoundland and Labrador in January D. oven temperature when baking pizza

 3. In what way does a thermoscope differ from a thermometer?A.A thermometer has no scale.B.A thermoscope has a Fahrenheit scale and a thermometer has a

Celsius scale.C. A thermoscope has no scale.D.A thermoscope uses coloured water while a thermometer uses alcohol.

 4. Which was the first widely used temperature scale?A.Celsius scaleB.Fahrenheit scale C. Kelvin scaleD. Thomson scale

 5. What happens when a bimetallic strip is heated? A. An electric current flows along the strip.

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B. Contracts because metals undergo thermal contraction.C. It bends because the two metals expand by a different amount.D. Vibrates because the heating adds energy to the strip.

6.  When you want to measure the temperature of an extremely hot gas, which is the best device to use?A. bimetallic strip.B. glass thermometer.C. photographic film.D.thermocouple.

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Match the term on the left with the best description on the right.Each description may be used only once.

Term Description

_____  7. body temperature

_____  8. room temperature

_____  9. bimetallic strip

_____ 10. hypothermia

_____ 11. thermogram

_____ 12. thermoscope

A. is used in thermostats to turn a furnace on and off

B. is a picture of infrared radiation given off by an object

C. an electric current indicates temperatureD. causes the body to function so slowly that a

person might not recoverE. is higher for birds than for mammalsF. is an arbitrarily chosen temperature scaleG. is not a specific temperature but is a range

of temperaturesH. is the first temperature detecting

instrument developed by scientists

Short Answer Questions13. Explain how to calibrate a thermometer. Use the pictures shown here to

help with your explanation.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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14. What type of information can you get by taking your temperature? Give an example.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

15. Explain how at least three of your senses (sight, smell, and feel) can tell you that a stove burner is hot.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

16. Describe what Fahrenheit used as 0 and as 100 when he selected values for his temperature scale.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

17. Explain what causes a bimetallic strip to bend.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

18. Use the diagram below to explain how a thermostat turns an oven on and off.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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____________________________________________________________________19. a) What is the name of this instrument? ________________________

b) Who invented it? __________________________c) How can it be used to detect a temperature change ?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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