vocabulary words solution solute solvent concentration homeostasis hypertonic hypotonic isotonic...
TRANSCRIPT
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Vocabulary Words
SolutionSoluteSolventConcentrationHomeostasisHypertonicHypotonicIsotonicPermeable
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Selectively Permeable
What did the strainer allow to pass through?If the strainer is “permeable” to water &
sugar, what does permeable mean?
What could not pass through the strainer?If the strainer is “impermeable” to pennies &
paperclips, what does impermeable mean?
What do you think selectively permeable means?
What about semi-permeable?
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HomeostasisHomeo = sameStasis = condition
A biological balance
A process in which organisms maintain an internal balance (equilibrium)
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Cell Membrane
7
} cell membrane
7nm wide7nm wide
Cell membrane {
NERVE CELL
NERVE CELL
Gap between cells
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Cell Membrane
Protein Channel
Carbohydrate Chains Proteins
Lipid Bilayer
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Lipid Bilayer
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Lipid BilayerPhosphate head is
polarHydrophilic end
Fatty Acid tails are nonpolarHydrophobic end
Hydro = waterPhobic = fearPhillic = loving
+_
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How could proteins help some molecules
pass through the membrane?
Protein Channel
Carbohydrate Chains Proteins
Lipid Bilayer
Construction of the Cell Membrane
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SolutionsWhat does the sugar/food coloring
represent?Solute
What does the water represent?Solvent
Which solution has a greater concentration of solute?
Which solution has more solvent?
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Solutions Hyper = above (high)Iso = same (equal)Hypo = below (low)Tonic = strength
Hypertonic?Hypotonic?Isotonic?
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Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes
TYPE DESCRIPTIONENERGY NEEDED
ACTIVE or PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Osmosis
Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
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Active Transport Passive TransportProcess that requires
energy to move materials across cell membranes against a concentration gradient
Process that does NOT requires energy to move materials across cell membranes against a concentration gradient
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•Above/High•Solution with the higher
concentration of solute
Hypertonic
•Same/Equal•Solutions have the same
concentration of a soluteIsotonic
•Below/Low•Solution with the lower
concentration of soluteHypotonic
Osmosis Diffusion of WATER (solvent) across a
selectively permeable membrane
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Osmosis What happens to cells placed in an isotonic
solution?Water moves in & out equally; stay same size
What happens to cells placed in a hypertonic solution?Water moves out of cellAnimal cells shrink; Plant cells shrink or wilt
What happens to cells placed in a hypotonic solution?Water moves into cellAnimal cells swell & may burst; Plant cells become
more rigid
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Osmosis
TAKES NO ENERGY!!
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DiffusionHow long did it take you to detect the odor?How did the smell get from the balloon to
your nose?How do you think the molecules of the
vanilla travel from the balloon to your nose? Straight line, zig zag?
Diffusion – movement of PARTICLES (solute) from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration
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Diffusion in Air
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Diffusion in Water
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Molecules tend to move from areas of ______ concentration to areas of _______concentration.
Is the bag or beaker more concentrated in starch?
Is the bag or beaker more concentrated in iodine?
Iodine Solution: is the bag or beaker hypertonic?
Starch Solution: is the bag or beaker hypertonic?
Diffusionhigh
low
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If the bag is permeable to starch, which way would the starch move?
If the bag is permeable to iodine, which way would the iodine move?
Make a prediction about what you think will happen. Is the starch going to move out of the bag??????Is the iodine going to move into the bag???????
DiffusionOut of the bag
Into the bag
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Iodine is an indicator for starch. An indicator changes color in the presence of
the substance it indicates.Iodine turns blue/black in the presence of
starch
Make a prediction about what you think will happen to the color of both solutions. Will the beaker solution turn colors??????Will the bag solution turn colors???????
Diffusion
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Which substance moved, the iodine or the starch?
The plastic bag was permeable to which substance?
Why is it not a good idea to store iodine in a plastic bag?
What cell structure does the bag represent?
Diffusion
Iodine
Because iodine would leak out of bag
Cell Membrane
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What does permeable mean? Allows materials to pass
Was the bag selectively permeable? Yes
Why? It only allowed certain materials to pass
Diffusion
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Cell Membrane
Protein Channel
Carbohydrate Chains Proteins
Lipid Bilayer
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Osmosis
TAKES NO ENERGY!!
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Lab Preparation
Each team member will need to participate & take an active part in lab Getter – get materials/equipment; only one to
leave table!Shusher – make sure everyone stays on task &
doesn’t get too loud. Makes sure entire group is helping to answer questions.
Reader – reads lab aloud before & during labChecker – make sure all questions are answered,
names are on paper, turned in, etc.
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7th PeriodOrange Anthony, Nichole,Jaqueline,
Hayden
Yellow Ambreasha, James, Amanda, Mavricio
Green Jazmyne, Caitlin, Heath, John
Black Tiara, Robert, Alysse, Michael
Red Camauni, David, Carolina, Irvin
Blue Edwin, Ka’Deedra, Fabian, Cecelia
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Potato Lab
Every student
turn in lab
report! Make
sure your name is
on it!
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6th PeriodOrange Chris, Joymina, Eduardo,
Ronald
Yellow Brandi, Nikki, Kalaya, David
Green Leslie, Moneshia, Jerry, Qua’Vant’e
Black Cynthia
Red Traeveon, Eryka, Christian,Jennifer
Blue Kevin, Tuyen, Miguel, Guillermo
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5th PeriodOrange
Eunice, Chris, Keith, Rainey
Yellow Cecilia, Serena, Carly, Melissa
Green Nathan, Jalestine, Elizabeth, Adam
BlackLauren, Sabryn, Ivon, Jamie, Dalton,
Red Christina, Shafter, Lyndsay, Erik, Jose
BlueQuindon, Lesly, Ray, Francisco
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Active Transport Passive TransportProcess that requires
energy to move materials across cell membranes against a concentration gradient
Process that does NOT requires energy to move materials across cell membranes against a concentration gradient
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Facilitated DiffusionMovement of molecules across a
membrane through protein channels
TAKES NO ENERGY!!
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Passive TransportOsmosisDiffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
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Endocytosisendo = insidecyto = cellosis = process
A process in which a cell takes materials in bymembrane folding
ENERGY NEEDED
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Endocytosis
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Exocytosisexo = outsidecyto = cellosis = process
A process in which a cell removes largeamounts of materials
ENERGY NEEDED
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Exocytosis
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Active TransportEndocytosisExocytosis
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Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes
TYPE DESCRIPTIONENERGY NEEDED
ACTIVE or PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Osmosis
Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
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Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes
TYPE DESCRIPTION
ENERGY
NEEDED
ACTIVE or PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Osmosis Diffusion of water across a
selectively permeable membrane
Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
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Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes
TYPE DESCRIPTION
ENERGY
NEEDED
ACTIVE or PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Osmosis Diffusion of water across a
selectively permeable membrane
NO
Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
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Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes
TYPE DESCRIPTION
ENERGY
NEEDED
ACTIVE or PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Osmosis Diffusion of water across a
selectively permeable membrane
NO Passive Transport
Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
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Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes
TYPE DESCRIPTION
ENERGY
NEEDED
ACTIVE or PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Osmosis Diffusion of water across a
selectively permeable membrane
NO Passive Transport
Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration
to a region of low concentration
Facilitated Diffusion
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
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Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes
TYPE DESCRIPTION
ENERGY
NEEDED
ACTIVE or PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Osmosis Diffusion of water across a
selectively permeable membrane
NO Passive Transport
Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration
to a region of low concentration
NO
Facilitated Diffusion
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
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Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes
TYPE DESCRIPTION
ENERGY
NEEDED
ACTIVE or PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Osmosis Diffusion of water across a
selectively permeable membrane
NO Passive Transport
Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration
to a region of low concentration
NOPassive Transport
Facilitated Diffusion
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
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Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes
TYPE DESCRIPTION
ENERGY
NEEDED
ACTIVE or PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Osmosis Diffusion of water across a
selectively permeable membrane
NO Passive Transport
Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration
to a region of low concentration
NOPassive Transport
Facilitated Diffusion
Movement of molecules across a membrane through
protein channels
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
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Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes
TYPE DESCRIPTION
ENERGY
NEEDED
ACTIVE or PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Osmosis Diffusion of water across a
selectively permeable membrane
NO Passive Transport
Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration
to a region of low concentration
NOPassive Transport
Facilitated Diffusion
Movement of molecules across a membrane through
protein channelsNO
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
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Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes
TYPE DESCRIPTION
ENERGY
NEEDED
ACTIVE or PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Osmosis Diffusion of water across a
selectively permeable membrane
NO Passive Transport
Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration
to a region of low concentration
NOPassive Transport
Facilitated Diffusion
Movement of molecules across a membrane through
protein channelsNO
Passive Transport
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
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Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes
TYPE DESCRIPTION
ENERGY
NEEDED
ACTIVE or PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Osmosis Diffusion of water across a
selectively permeable membrane
NO Passive Transport
Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration
to a region of low concentration
NOPassive Transport
Facilitated Diffusion
Movement of molecules across a membrane through
protein channelsNO
Passive Transport
Endocytosis
When cells take materials in by membrane folding
Exocytosis
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Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes
TYPE DESCRIPTION
ENERGY
NEEDED
ACTIVE or PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Osmosis Diffusion of water across a
selectively permeable membrane
NO Passive Transport
Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration
to a region of low concentration
NOPassive Transport
Facilitated Diffusion
Movement of molecules across a membrane through
protein channelsNO
Passive Transport
Endocytosis
When cells take materials in by membrane folding
YES
Exocytosis
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Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes
TYPE DESCRIPTION
ENERGY
NEEDED
ACTIVE or PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Osmosis Diffusion of water across a
selectively permeable membrane
NO Passive Transport
Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration
to a region of low concentration
NOPassive Transport
Facilitated Diffusion
Movement of molecules across a membrane through
protein channelsNO
Passive Transport
Endocytosis
When cells take materials in by membrane folding
YESActive Transport
Exocytosis
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Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes
TYPE DESCRIPTION
ENERGY
NEEDED
ACTIVE or PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Osmosis Diffusion of water across a
selectively permeable membrane
NO Passive Transport
Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration
to a region of low concentration
NOPassive Transport
Facilitated Diffusion
Movement of molecules across a membrane through
protein channelsNO
Passive Transport
Endocytosis
When cells take materials in by membrane folding
YESActive Transport
Exocytosis When cells remove large amounts of materials
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Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes
TYPE DESCRIPTION
ENERGY
NEEDED
ACTIVE or PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Osmosis Diffusion of water across a
selectively permeable membrane
NO Passive Transport
Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration
to a region of low concentration
NOPassive Transport
Facilitated Diffusion
Movement of molecules across a membrane through
protein channelsNO
Passive Transport
Endocytosis
When cells take materials in by membrane folding
YESActive Transport
Exocytosis When cells remove large amounts of materials
YES
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Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes
TYPE DESCRIPTION
ENERGY
NEEDED
ACTIVE or PASSIVE
TRANSPORT
Osmosis Diffusion of water across a
selectively permeable membrane
NO Passive Transport
Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration
to a region of low concentration
NOPassive Transport
Facilitated Diffusion
Movement of molecules across a membrane through
protein channelsNO
Passive Transport
Endocytosis
When cells take materials in by membrane folding
YESActive Transport
Exocytosis When cells remove large amounts of materials
YESActive Transport
Transport Animations
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Would you consider cells to be simple or complex?
How did cells become so complex?
Endo = withinSymbiosis = 2 organisms living together
What does endosymbiosis mean?
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http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/9834092339/student_view0/chapter4/animation_-
_endosymbiosis.html
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Endosymbiotic TheoryPage 427Proposes that eukaryotic (have nuclei)
cells arose from living communities formed by prokaryotic (no nuclei) organisms.
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Endosymbiotic TheoryMitochondria & Chloroplasts are very similar
to prokaryotic bacteriaDNARibosomesReproduce by binary fission2 membranes
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Endosymbiotic Theory
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OM NOM NOM NOM
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The endosymbiotic theory suggests that eukaryotes developed when a prokaryotic cell was engulfed by another prokaryotic cell & continued living inside the other cell. One piece of evidence for this is that some organelles have their own DNA. Which of these organelles has its own DNA and is thought to have developed in this way? A.Cell membraneB.MitochondriaC.Golgi apparatusD.Vacuole
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Elodea Plasmolysis
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