�� Demonstrate understanding of figurative language,

word relationships, and nuances in word meanings. � Acquire and use accurately general academic and

domain-specific words and phrases, sufficient for reading, writing, speaking, and listening at the college and career readiness level; demonstrate independence in gathering vocabulary knowledge when considering a word or phrase important to comprehension or expression.

� Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases from context.

Objectives

Just as something that is usually helpful can be harmful, so something that is usually harmful can be helpful. Some bacteria cause disease, but some aid digestion. Bees sting, but they also pollinate

flowers and make honey. Medicines and vitamins are helpful, but can be harmful in very high

doses. The words in this lesson express different aspects of help and harm.

�1. Adulterate

Part of Speech Definition

a. Verb a. To make impure by adding improper, inferior, or unnecessary ingredients.

Example Sentence:Early people adulterated gold coins by adding bronze or copper.

�2. Bane

Part of Speech Definition

a. Noun a. A cause of great harm, ruin, or death.

b. A source of constant annoyance or frustration.

Example Sentence:Certain fatal diseases are the bane of humanity.Flies are sometimes the bane of my existance.

�3. Boon

Part of Speech Definition

a. Noun a. A benefit or blessing, especially one that is timely.

Example Sentence:Demand for Egyptian cotton has been a boon for our economy.

�4. Inimical

Part of Speech Definition

a. Adjective a. Harmful; injurious b. Unfriendly; hostile

Example Sentence:Prolonged lack of sleep is inimical to one’s health.Her attitude can sometimes be inimical.

�5. Malevolent

Part of Speech Definition

a. Adjective a. Having or showing ill will; wishing harm to others; malicious

b. Having an evil or a harmful influence.

Example Sentence:In most fiction stories, the villain is malevolent.

�6. Panacea

Part of Speech Definition

a. Noun a. A remedy for all diseases, evils, or difficulties; a cure-all

Example Sentence:My grandmother thinks that love is the panacea for all life problems.

�7. Pernicious

Part of Speech Definition

a. Adjective a. Tending to cause death or great harm

Example Sentence:The pernicious bird flu caused the deaths of a lot of people.

�8. Salutary

Part of Speech Definition

a. Adjective a. Helpful or designed to be helpful; remedial

b. Favorable to health; wholesome

Example Sentence:Siri is a salutary software-based, digital assistant.Brown bread has a salutary effect on one’s health.

�9. Toxic

Part of Speech Definition

a. Adjective a. Poisonous; capable of causing injury or death by chemical means

Example Sentence:A lot of plants are known to be toxic for human beings.

�10. Vitiate

Part of Speech Definition

a. Verb a. To reduce the value, quality, or effectiveness of

Example Sentence:Time will usually vitiate the effect of medication.

Turn to page 135. Solve WRITE THE CORRECT WORD and COMPLETE THE SENTENCE as a

group. Then solve FIND THE EXAMPLE on page 138. This is out of 5 classwork points. You will be

graded on your teamwork and contribution.

As a group, write a very short story, one paragraph will due, that uses all the words in this lesson. This is out of 5 classwork points.

You will be graded on teamwork and contribution.