vijayaruban ieee standards

IEEE STANDARDS

Copyright - Fore Brain Technologies Pvt. Ltd.,

IEEE STANDARDS IEEE 802.1 Higher layer LAN protocols IEEE 802.2 Logical link control IEEE 802.3 Ethernet IEEE 802.4 Token bus (disbanded) IEEE 802.5 Token Ring IEEE 802.6 Metropolitan Area Networks

(disbanded) IEEE 802.7 Broadband LAN using Coaxial Cable

(disbanded)

Cont…

IEEE 802.8 Fiber Optic TAG (disbanded) IEEE 802.9 Integrated Services LAN (disbanded) IEEE 802.10 Interoperable LAN Security (disbanded) IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN (Wi-Fi certification) IEEE 802.12 demand priority IEEE 802.13 (not used) IEEE 802.14 Cable modems (disbanded) IEEE 802.15 Wireless PAN IEEE 802.15.1 (Bluetooth certification) IEEE 802.15.4 (Zig Bee certification)

Cont…

IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access (Wi MAX certification)

IEEE 802.16e (Mobile) Broadband Wireless Access IEEE 802.17 Resilient packet ring IEEE 802.18 Radio Regulatory TAG IEEE 802.19 Coexistence TAG IEEE 802.20 Mobile Broadband Wireless Access IEEE 802.21 Media Independent Handoff IEEE 802.22 Wireless Regional Area Network IEEE 802.23 Emergency Services Working Group

IEEE 802.2 –Logical Link Control

• IEEE 802.2 is the IEEE 802 standard defining Logical Link Control(LLC), which is the upper portion of the data link layer for local area networks.

• The LLC sub layer presents a uniform interface to the user of the data link service, usually the network layer.

• Beneath the LLC sub layer is the Media Access Control(MAC) sub layer, which is dependent on the particular medium being used (Ethernet, token ring, FDDI, 802.11, etc.).

Cont..

• The LLC layer performs these functions:Managing the data-link communicationLink AddressingDefining Service Access Points (SAPs)Sequencing

• The LLC provides a way for the upper layers to deal with any type of MAC layer (ex. Ethernet - IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD or Token Ring IEEE 802.5 Token Passing).


IEEE 802.3 -Ethernet

• IEEE 802.3is a collection of IEEE standards defining the physical layer and the media access control (MAC) sub-layer of the data link layer of wired Ethernet.

• This is generally a LAN technology with some WAN applications. Physical connections are made between nodes and/or infrastructure devices (hubs, switches, routers) by various types of copper or fiber cable.

• 802.3 is a technology that can support the IEEE 802.1 network architecture.

• The maximum packet size is 1518 bytes, although to allow the Q-tag for Virtual LAN and priority data in 802.3ac it is extended to 1522 bytes. If the upper layer protocol submits a PDU(Protocol data unit) less than 64 bytes, 802.3 will pad the data field to achieve the minimum 64 bytes.

IEEE 802.4 –Token Bus

• IEEE 802.4defines the medium access control(MAC) layer for bus networks that use a token-passing mechanism (token bus networks).

• This is an application of the concepts used in token ring networks. The main difference is that the endpoints of the bus do not meet to form a physical ring. The IEEE 802.4 Working Group is disbanded.

IEEE 802.5 –Token Ring

• Stations on a token ring LAN are logically organized in a ring topology with data being transmitted sequentially from one ring station to the next with a control token circulating around the ring controlling access.

• This token passing mechanism is shared by ARCNET, token bus, and FDDI, and has theoretical advantages over the stochastic CSMA/CDof Ethernet.

Cont..• IEEE 802.5 –Token Ring Cabling is generally IBM

"Type-1" shielded twisted pair, with unique hermaphroditic connectors.

• Each station passes or repeats the special token frame around the ring to its nearest downstream neighbor. This token-passing process is used to arbitrate access to the shared ring media. Stations that have data frames to transmit must first acquire the token before they can transmit them.

• Token ring LAN speeds of 4Mbit/s, 16Mbit/s, 100Mbit/s and 1Gbit/s have been standardized by the IEEE 802.5 working group

IEEE 802.6 –MAN

• IEEE 802.6is a standard governed by the ANSI(MAN). • It is an improvement of an older standard which used

the Fiber distributed data interface(FDDI) network structure.

• The FDDI-based standard failed due to its expensive implementation and lack of compatibility with current LAN standards.

• The IEEE 802.6 standard uses the Distributed Queue Dual Bus(DQDB) network form. This form supports 150Mbit/s transfer rates.

Cont..

• It consists of two unconnected unidirectional buses. DQDB is rated for a maximum of 160 km before significant signal degradation over fiber optic cable with an optical wavelength of 1310 nm.

• Most MAN snow use Synchronous Optical Network(SONET) or Asynchronous Transfer Mode(ATM) network designs, with recent designs using native Ethernet.


IEEE 802.7 –Broadband LAN using Coaxial Cable

• IEEE 802.7is a sub-standard of the IEEE 802which covers broadband local area networks.

• The working group did issue a recommendation in 1989, but is currently inactive and in hibernation.

• The medium specifications section establishes the minimum performance required to support the simultaneous operation of IEEE 802.3b and 802.4 services. The specifications will allow the coexistence of video and narrow-band modems on the same network.

IEEE 802.8 -Fiber Optic TAG

• The Fiber Optic Technical Advisory Group was to create a LAN standard for fiber optic media used in token passing computer networks like FDDI. This was part of the IEEE 802group of standards.

• The Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI)specifies a 100-Mbps token-passing, dual-ring LAN using fiber-optic cable. FDDI is frequently used as high-speed backbone technology because of its support for high bandwidth and greater distances than copper.

FDDI• FDDI uses optical fiber as the primary transmission

medium, but it also can run over copper cabling. As mentioned earlier, FDDI over copper is referred to as Copper-Distributed Data Interface (CDDI).

• FDDI defines two types of optical fiber : single-mode and multimode. A mode is a ray of light that enters the fiber at a particular angle.

• Multimode fiber uses LED as the light-generating device, while single-mode fiber generally uses lasers.


IEEE 802.9 -Integrated Services LAN

• The 802.9 Working Group of the IEEE 802 networking committee developed standards for integrated voice and data access over existing Category 3 twisted-pair network cable installations. Its major standard was usually known as iso Ethernet.

• Iso Ethernet combines 10 megabits per second Ethernet and 96 64-kilobitsper second ISDN"B" channels.

Cont..

• It was originally developed to provide data and voice/video over the same wire without degradation by fixing the amount of bandwidth assigned to the Ethernet and B-channel sides.

• There was some vendor support for iso Ethernet, but it lost in the marketplace to the rapid adoption of Fast Ethernet and the working group was disbanded


IEEE 802.10

• IEEE 802.10 is a former standard for security functions that could be used in both local area networks and metropolitan area networks based on IEEE 802protocols.

• 802.10 specifies security association management and key management, as well as access control, data confidentiality and data integrity.

Cont..• The IEEE 802.10 standards were withdrawn in

January 2004 and this working group of the IEEE 802 is not currently active. Security for wireless networks is being developed in 802.11i.

• The Cisco Inter-Switch Link(ISL) protocol for supporting VLAN son Ethernet and similar LAN technologies was based on IEEE 802.10; in this application 802.10 has largely been replaced by IEEE 802.1Q.


IEEE 802.11 –Wireless LAN

• IEEE 802.11, is the wireless local area network(WLAN) standard developed by the IEEELAN/MAN Standards Committee (IEEE 802) in the 5GHz public spectrum.

• Although the terms 802.11 and Wi-Fi are often used interchangeably, strictly speaking, this is not correct. Wi-Fiis an industry driven interoperability certification that is based on a subset of 802.11

IEEE 802.12

• Three recent LAN technologies look set to satisfy the ever-increasing demand for LAN bandwidth. Two of these technologies are 100Mb/s shared medium LANs:

• 100Base-T (aka IEEE 802.3 Fast Ethernet) and IEEE 802.12 (aka 100VG-AnyLAN or 100VG). The third technology is packet switching, which is really an extension of existing LAN bridge technology, but which offers excellent performance gains at very low cost.


Cont…

• The proposed Higher speed IEEE 802.12 LAN standard is well developed. Many of its key features have been proposed and verified.

• G Baud shared or switch networks are based on multimode or single mode optical fibre physical layers. FC-0 and FC-1 are highly leveraged to support an IEEE 802.12 MAC or switch port at 1062.5 M Baud in a cost effective manner. A new UTP category 5 physical layer will support desk top connections of up to 100m length at a baud rate of 531 M Baud.


Cont..

• Higher speed IEEE 802.12 will support both shared media access networks and switched based networks . Repeater based networks offer simple low cost implementations.

• The higher speed repeaters could be used to connect IEEE 802.12 repeaters, switches or end nodes in a cascaded topology. However, the bandwidth of shared repeater based LANs must be distributed between all end nodes.


Cont..

• Switches can offer higher network capacity and full link rate bandwidth to each end node. However, the implementation cost is higher and system management more complex compared to a shared network.

• IEEE 802.3 and IEEE 802.12 have both initiated projects to develop gigabit per second LANs initially as higher speed backbones for the 100 Mb/s systems. This paper will describe the status of the IEEE 802.12 gigabit per second LAN.


IEEE 802.14 CABLE MODEMS

• IEEE 802.14 working group– Established in 1994 Dismantled in 2000– Drafts remain available

• Cable Labs DOCSIS (established in 1988)– DOCSIS 1.0 {ANSI/SCTE}– DOCSIS 1.1 {ITU-T Rec. J.112 AnnexB}– DOCSIS 2.0 {ITU-T Rec. J.122}– E DOCSIS– DOCSIS DGS

• The IEEE 802.14 Cable TV Protocol working group was formed to develop standards for the PHY and MAC network layers, a necessity for cable modem interoperability.

Cable Technology Service

IEEE 802.15 WPAN• The 802.15 WPAN effort focuses on the development of

consensus standards for Personal Area Networks or short distance wireless networks.

• These WPANs address wireless networking of portable and mobile computing devices such as PCs, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), peripherals, cell phones, pagers, and consumer electronics; allowing these devices to communicate and interoperate with one another.

• The goal is to publish standards, recommended practices, or guides that have broad market applicability and deal effectively with the issues of coexistence and interoperability with other wired and wireless networking solutions.

IEEE 802.16• Provide high-speed Internett access to home and

business subscribers, without wires.• Base stations (BS) can handle thousands of subscriber

stations (SS)• Access control prevents collisions.• Supports

– Legacy voice systems– Voice over IP– TCP/IP– Applications with different QoS requirements.

Cont..• 802.16 standards

– 802.16.1 (10-66 GHz, line-of-sight, up to 134Mbit/s)

– 802.16.2 (minimizing interference between coexisting WMANs.)

– 802.16a (2-11 Ghz, Mesh, non-line-of- sigth)

– 802.16b (5-6 Ghz)– 802.16c (detailed system profiles)– P802.16e (Mobile Wireless MAN)

IEEE 802.17

• IEEE 802.17 Resilient packet ring (RPR) access method and physical layer specifications

– IEEE 802.17a: Bridging of IEEE Std 802.17

– IEEE 802.17b: Spatially Aware Sublayer

– IEEE 802.17c: Protected Inter-Ring Connection

Overview• Dual counter-rotating ringlets

Concurrent transmission,Bandwidth reuse• Three traffic classes

Real Time, GIR Low Delay/Jitter, CIR+EIR Best Effort

• Fairness Reuse of unused bandwidth Weighted allocation to EIR, best effort• Plug-and-play Automatic topology discovery• Robustness Sub 50 ms fault detection & restoration Fault tolerant No single point of failure

IEEE 802.18• The IEEE 802.18 Radio Regulatory Technical Advisory

Group (RR-TAG) supports the wireless Working Groups in the IEEE 802 community by interfacing with regulatory agencies and industry groups working on regulatory issues.

• Administrations constantly upgrade their radio rules and regulations, providing brief opportunities for public comment. The RR-TAG monitors those with potential impact on IEEE 802 wireless standards groups and creates appropriate comment documents.

• The RR-TAG is also the liaison to other standards bodies on radio regulatory matters of mutual interest.

IEEE 802.19• The IEEE 802.19 Coexistence Technical Advisory Group

(C-TAG) develops and maintains policies defining the responsibilities of IEEE 802 standards developers to address issues of coexistence with existing standards and those under development.

• As required, it offers assessments to the Sponsor Executive Committee (SEC) on how well standards developers have conformed to these conventions.

• It also may develop coexistence documentation for the technical community outside of IEEE 802.

IEEE 802.20

• The 802.20 standard is being developed by the IEEE for highly efficient Mobile Broadband Wireless Access (MBWA)– Spectral efficiencies, sustained user data rates and numbers of active users that are significantly higher than other emerging mobile systems– Efficient packet based air interface optimized for IP-data transport, including real time services

Cont…• Technology developed to target worldwide deployment of affordable, ubiquitous, always-on networks – To meet the needs of business and residential end user markets

• 802.20 provides a specification for physical and medium access controllayers for interoperable mobile wireless access systems

– Operations for licensed bands below 3.5 GHz– Supports mobility classes up to 250 Km/h

IEEE 802.21 Goals

-To enable handover between heterogeneous technologies -Service continuity during and after handover

IEEE 802.21 provides a framework-Allow higher level to interact with lower layers to provide session continuity without dealing with the specifics of each technology

-Service continuity-Quality of service-Network discovery -Network selection assistance-Power management

Cont.. Reduce power consumption by avoiding

unnecessary scanning and using information. 802.16 module is turned on only if 802.16 is available.

Reduce power consumption by using backend (core) network

Reduce handover time by passing security/QoS information to next point of service

Allow service providers to enforce their policies and roaming agreements

IEEE 802.22 Wireless Regional Area Network

Focus -Rural Broadband Wireless Access •Core Technology -Cognitive radio technology based un-licensed use, primarily designed to operate in the TV Whitespaces from 54-862 MHz, on a non-interfering basis with the primary users (incumbents).

•Representation –Commercial industry, Broadcasters, Govt., regulators, and Academia

Cont..

•MAC–Provides compensation for long round trip delays Unique features introduced for Cognitive Radio based operation: spectrum sensing, spectrum management, intra-system co-existence, geo-location and security.

•Mobility and Portability–IEEE 802.22 allows portability (nomadic use). In case the rules do change, IEEE 802.22 PHY is designed to support mobility of up to 114 km/hr (no hand-off is included in the current version).

IEEE 802.23 Emergency Services• Emergency Services: Network communication services needed to

support an emergency call between a EUT and a PSAP. These services may include, but are not be limited to, normal network services needed to support an ordinary VoIP call, location services, recognition and differentiation of an emergency call from an ordinary call.

• End User Terminal: The host device to the IP application (e.g. VoIP) which places the ES call.

• ESInet: An IP network/internetwork that is managed for the use of emergency services communications, and can be commonly shared by participating public safety agencies.

• IEEE 802 network, 802 network: A local area (LAN) or other (e.g. MAN, WAN) packet switched network consisting of one or more interconnected subnetworks each using a MAC protocol specified in an IEEE 802 standard.

Cont..

• Internet Protocol: The principal communications protocol used for relaying datagrams (packets) across an internetwork (i.e. network of networks) using the Internet Protocol Suite. Responsible for routing packets across network boundaries (i.e. routers), it is the primary protocol that establishes the Internet.

• For the purposes of this standard, the term is limited to Internet Protocol version 4 (Ipv4, IETF RFC 791) and/or Internet Protocol version 6 (Ipv6, IETF RFC 2460) Layer 1/Layer 2: Within Layer 1 and/or Layer 2 relative to the ISO 7 Layer model as adapted by IEEE Std 802.

Cont..

• Unauthorized service: Voice (or other ES applicable) service where the EUT does not have access to network services (L1/L2, and higher level IP services) needed to support an ES call.

• This may involve lack of security access to the L1/L2 network or lack of access for whatever reason (other than bandwidth) to an interconnected voice service at the higher layers.

vijayaruban ieee standards

Documents