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VIDEO AND ANIMATION

BY: RACHITA NAGPAL

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Video Signal Representation

Video signal representation includes:

Visual representation

Transmission Digitization

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Measures for visual

representation Vertical Detail and Viewing Distance

Horizontal Detail and Picture Width

Total Detail Content of the Image Perception of Depth (3D impression)

Luminance and Chrominance

Temporal Aspects of Illumination Continuity of Motion

Flickering

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DIGITIZATION.

Conversion of an analog picture or video forimage processing or transmission is digitalrepresentation.

Digital representation consists of:

Sampling

Quantization

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Television Systems

Conventional Systems

NTSC(National Television Systems Committee)

Originated in the US

Uses color carriers of approx. 4.429 MHz or approx.3.57 MHz.

It uses quadrature amplitude modulation

Refresh rate: 30Hz # horizontal lines: 525

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Television Systems

Conventional Systems

SECAM (Sequential Color Avec Memoire)

France and Eastern Europe

It uses frequency modulation

Refresh rate: 25Hz

# horizontal lines: 625

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Television Systems

Conventional Systems

PAL(Phase Alternating Line)

Parts of Western Europe

Uses color carriers of approx. 4.43 MHz

It uses quadrature amplitude modulation

Refresh rate: 25Hz

# horizontal lines: 525

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Television Systems

High-Definition TV (HDTV)

Research began in Japan, 1968

Third Technological Shift (after black and whiteand color TV)

The goal was to integrate the viewer with the

events happening on the screen

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SD view :

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HDTV view:

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File Extensions

Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)

Filename extensions:

.mpg, .mpeg, .mp1,.mp2, .mp3, .m1v, .m1a,.m2a, .mpa, .mpv

Internet Media Type;

audio/mpeg, video/mpeg

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MPEG-1 Standard for lossy compression of video and audio without

excessive quality loss and making video CDs,digital cable/satellite TV and digital audiobroadcasting (DAB) possible

consists of the following five Parts:

Systems (storage and synchronization of video, audio, andother data together)

Video (compressed video content)

Audio (compressed audio content)

Conformance testing (testing the correctness of

implementations of the standard) Reference software (example software showing how to

encode and decode according to the standard)

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THANK YOU...!!!