URINARY URINARY SYSTEMSYSTEM

““The urinary system rids the body of nitrogen The urinary system rids the body of nitrogen wastes while regulating water, electrolyte, and wastes while regulating water, electrolyte, and

acid-base balance of the blood.” acid-base balance of the blood.” -Elaine Marieb-Elaine Marieb

Need to add tissue in for honors; accidently deleted

kidneyskidneys

Urine formation Urine formation by filtering bloodby filtering blood

Regulates Regulates blood levels of: blood levels of: ions, water,ions, water,pHpH

uretersureters Connect kidneys to Connect kidneys to

posterior bladderposterior bladder Peristalsis (urine)Peristalsis (urine) goblet cells = secretes goblet cells = secretes

mucous to protect cells mucous to protect cells from acidic urine, from acidic urine,

Urinary bladderUrinary bladder collapsible, muscular saccollapsible, muscular sac Located posterior to pubic Located posterior to pubic

symphysissymphysis Stores urineStores urine Sphincter = skeletal Sphincter = skeletal

musclemuscle Micturition: stimulated by Micturition: stimulated by

stretch receptors to spinal stretch receptors to spinal cord (S2 and S3) to trigger cord (S2 and S3) to trigger a spinal reflex causing a spinal reflex causing urination.urination.

urethraurethra Bladder to exteriorBladder to exterior Empties bladder by Empties bladder by

peristalsisperistalsis Males: Males:

– 2 functions/2 systems: 2 functions/2 systems: carries urine & semencarries urine & semen

Urinary tract infections (UTI)Urinary tract infections (UTI)

More femalesMore females Symptoms: painful urination, Symptoms: painful urination,

urinary urgency and frequency, urinary urgency and frequency, fever, cloudy or blood-tinged urine, fever, cloudy or blood-tinged urine, even back pain and severe even back pain and severe headacheheadache

Bacteria can spread and cause Bacteria can spread and cause bladder infection or kidney infectionbladder infection or kidney infection

What is urine?What is urine? Mostly waterMostly water Solutes: urea (from breakdown of protein), Solutes: urea (from breakdown of protein),

uric acid (from breakdown of nucleic uric acid (from breakdown of nucleic acids), creatinine (from breakdown of acids), creatinine (from breakdown of creatine phosphate in muscle fibers), creatine phosphate in muscle fibers), sodium, potassium, ammonia, sodium, potassium, ammonia,

NOT FOUND: glucose, proteins, rbc, NOT FOUND: glucose, proteins, rbc, hemoglobin, wbc, and bilehemoglobin, wbc, and bile