universal real-time navigational...

UniversalReal-timeNavigationalAssistance

March 22, 2007

Jack Baskin School of EngineeringCMPE 123B | Winter 2007

Project Motivation• Originally proposed by Roberto Manduchi:

“Design and prototype a small Bluetooth transmitter that can be used to broadcast information to anyone carrying a Bluetooth cell phone.”

• “Transmitters could be embedded in critical locations, such as at a bus stop, at a traffic intersection, or near a building entrance, in order to provide useful information to visually impaired (as well as sighted) individuals.”


Existing Solutions• Problems

• Infrared communication• Bulky receiver• Expensive• No expandability• Difficult to use

Talking Signs: Infrared wireless technologyhttp://www.talkingsigns.com/

Bluetooth-based pedestrian GPShttp://www.senderogroup.com/


Our ConceptA typical intersection withcrosswalks and traffic lights

• Bluetooth transceivers installed at each of the four corners atop pedestrian counters.

• Information including traffic light status and street name information is relayed to Bluetooth-capable mobile phones


Demo Layout


System Architecture• NavCon

• Altera Cyclone II FPGA core

• Interfaces with ASC/3 traffic controller and Bluetooth transceivers (modules)


System Architecture• Econolite ASC/3-

2100 traffic controller


System Architecture• NavCon main

board


System Architecture• Bluetooth

modules with custom antennas


System Architecture• Bluetooth

transmission to nearby mobile phones running our PedNav software


Physical System

NavCon PCB and Bluetooth PCB’s


NavCon Hardware• Field-Programmable Gate Array

• Nios II soft-processor running the µClinux operating system

• Non-volatile Flash memory• Store µClinux OS and programs

• Input/Output• Ethernet to ASC/3 traffic controller• RS-422 over CAT 5e to Bluetooth

modules

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Cat5.jpg

http://www.altium.com/


Power Distribution


Power Budget

PART NAME PART MODELVOLTAGE

(V) CURRENT (mA) POWER (mW)

FPGA EPC2C8 3.3, 1.2 200 660

SDRAM MT48LC4M32B2P-6 3.3 160 528

SERIAL FLASH EPCS64N 3.3 15 49.5

ETHERNET LAN LAN91C111 3.3 140 462

RS-422 ADM3490 3.3 8.8 (4) 116

CLOCK BUFFER CDCV304 3.3 0.005 0.0165

BLUETOOTH MODULE OEMSPA333 3.3 200 (4) 2640

TOTAL 1350 4455.5165


Protocol Flow

NavCon PCBASC/3 Traffic Controller

Bluetooth PCB

PedNav running on phone

(SNMP to PedNav Protocol)

NTCIP using SNMP over

Ethernet

Bluetooth transmissionat 2.4 GHz

RS-422trans-

mission


Antenna Design• Nec-Win Pro for antenna

simulation• Ground plane Yagi

antenna• Provides directionality

• Minimize overlap by creating a dead zone between multiple transmitters


NavCon Software ArchitectureNavCon

Third-party libraries

Linux kernelsubsystems

Linux kernel

Hardware Layer


Security Considerations• Bluetooth guarantees data integrity but

not authenticity• We do not need encryption• We need to know who to trust – use

certificates!• Certificate Authority – some trusted

organization (eg. City of Santa Cruz)• Intersection claiming to be Mission &

Bay – how to verify?• Request it to send its certificate• Check that it is signed by a trusted CA

• PedNav bundled with a set of trusted certificates• On a new connection, the security certificate

is requested and verified to make sure the intersection is authorized

http://www.nokia.com/nseries/


PedNav Protocol


PedNav• Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME) application that runs on

nearly all modern (> 2003) phones supporting Bluetooth

• Target user audience requires careful consideration of user input and feedback—GUI is nice but will not really benefit the user

• Input: Left/Right/Up/Down/Center buttons, numbers on keypad

• Output: spoken text• Real-time streaming of pre-recorded audio files from

NavCon• Playback of pre-recorded audio files stored on the phone• Dynamic messages using text-to-speech (TTS)

••


User Interface Usability

AlertConnection Made

Welcome Message

General AnnouncementLocation, Street Names,

etc.

More General InformationLeft/Right, Nearby Services,

etc.

Traffic Light Information

Left Crosswalk Right Crosswalk

IdleDisconnectedNo Speech

• Common buttons• B1 – more details• B2 – repeat message• B3 – go back up in the

menu• B4 – ignore this message

• Button-based voice-guided hierarchical menu provides geographically relevant information

• Like an automated answering service, but less annoying (no more “listen carefully because the menu options have changed”)


Time SpentURNA Hours


System CostPART NAME PART MODEL MANUFACTURER # OF UNIT COST

FPGA EPC2C8 ALTERA 1 100*

SDRAMMT48LC4M32B2P-

6 MICRON TECH. 1 11.42

SERIAL FLASH EPCS64N ALTERA 1 5*

ETHERNET LAN CONTR. LAN91C111 SMSC 1 24

RS-422 ADM3490ANALOG

DEVICES 8 23.6

CLOCK BUFFER CDCV304 TEXAS INTR. 1 2.36

BLUETOOTH MODULE OEMSPA333 CONNECT BLUE 4 460

MISC. CAPS, RES, …. ……… 200 68.62*

TOTAL 217 695* approximate


Correspondence

EMAIL ADDRESSES CENSORED


Reply Statistics

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

Cities

E-mails wrote

Cities responded

Responded withoffers

E-m

ails


Mounting Solution


Future Expansion

• Install anywhere!• Bus stop• Shopping mall• Bathroom• School• Subway


Thank You• BELS staff – Dave and SuperDave• Joel from OpenSPARC• Chuck from SkyNet• Matt & Cameron from AEGIS• Karen from BEEDL• Professor Petersen• Cyrus Bazeghi and Wentai Liu• All of our sponsors


Our Sponsors• Professor Roberto Manduchi

• http://www.soe.ucsc.edu/~manduchi/

• Econolite Control Products, Inc.• http://www.econolite.com/

• Altera Corporation• http://www.altera.com/

• Gelcore• http://www.gelcore.com/

• connectBlue• http://www.connectblue.se/

http://www.soe.ucsc.edu/~manduchi/

http://www.econolite.com/

http://www.altera.com/

http://www.gelcore.com/

http://www.connectblue.se/


Questions?

http://urna.projects.unoc.net/

http://urna.projects.unoc.net/

universal real-time navigational...

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