[UNIT 6 – Muscular system] Notes Outline

I. Functions of Skeletal Muscle

a. Movement -

b. Tone and Posture -

c. Protection -

d. Control Openings -

e. Maintain Temperature -

II. Anatomy of a Muscle

a. Epimysium –

b. Fascicle –

c. Perimysium –

d. Muscle Fibers –

e. Endomysium –

f. Tendon –

g. Aponeurosis –

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[UNIT 6 – Muscular system] Notes Outline

III. Muscle Fibers

a. Multinucleate –

b. Amitotic –

c. Sarcolemma –

d. Sarcoplasmic Reticulum –

e. Myofibrils –

i. Actin –

ii. Myosin –

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[UNIT 6 – Muscular system] Notes Outline

IV. Muscle Fiber Contraction

a. Motor Neuron –

b. T-Tubules –

c. Sarcoplasmic Reticulum –

d. Myosin / Actin Interaction -

e. Muscle Belly -

V. Factors influencing contraction strength/endurance

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[UNIT 6 – Muscular system] Notes Outline

VI. Muscle Fiber Summation

a. Summation –

b. Twitch –

c. Stimulus –

d. Latent Period –

e. Contraction Phase –

f. Relaxation Phase –

g. Tetanus -

VII. Energy In Muscles

a. ATP

b. Phosphate

c. Glycolysis

i. Anaerobic

ii. Location

d. Cell respiration

i. Aerobic

ii. Location

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[UNIT 6 – Muscular system] Notes Outline

e. Fermentation

f. Lactic acid

g. Glycogen

h. Causes of fatigue

i. “Hitting the Wall”

ii. “Out of Breath”

VIII. Muscle Fibers and Conditioning

a. Fast-Twitch Fibers

i. Size

ii. Density

iii. Glycogen availability

iv. Mitochondria

v. Pros/Cons

b. Slow-Twitch Fibers

i. Size

ii. Blood supply

iii. Myoglobin

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[UNIT 6 – Muscular system] Notes Outline

iv. Mitochondria

v. Pros/Cons

c. Aerobic Exercise

d. Anaerobic Exercise

e. Anabolic Steroids

i. Side Effects

IX. Muscular System Disorders

a. Polio

b. ALS / Lou Gehrig’s Disease

c. Muscular Dystrophy

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[UNIT 6 – Muscular system] Notes Outline

I. Muscle Naming

a. Direction

b. Size

c. Location

d. Number of origins

e. Location of origin / insertion

f. Shape

g. Action

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[UNIT 6 – Muscular system] Notes Outline

II. Head and Neck Muscles

a. Frontalis

b. Masseter

c. Temporalis

d. Buccinator

e. Orbicularis oculi

f. Orbicularis oris

g. Zygomaticus

h. Sternocleidomastoid

III. Anterior Trunk Muscles

a. Pectoralis Major

b. Rectus abdominis

c. External oblique

d. Internal oblique

e. Transversus abdominis

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[UNIT 6 – Muscular system] Notes Outline

IV. Posterior Trunk Muscles

a. Trapezius

b. Latissimus dorsi

c. Deltoid

V. Arm Muscles

a. Biceps Brachii –

b. Brachioradialis –

c. Triceps Brachii –

d. Extensor capri ulnaris –

e. Extensor carpi radialis –

f. Extensor digitorum

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[UNIT 6 – Muscular system] Notes Outline

VI. Posterior Leg Muscles

a. Gluteus maximus

b. Gluteus medius

c. Biceps femoris

d. Semitendinosus

e. Semimembranosus

f. Gastrocnemius

g. Soleus

VII. Anterior Leg Muscles

a. Sartorius

b. Rectus femoris

c. Vastus medialis

d. Vastus lateralis

e. Vastus intermedialis

f. Tibialis anterior

g. Fibularis

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[UNIT 6 – Muscular system] Notes Outline

VIII. Anterior Muscles

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[UNIT 6 – Muscular system] Notes Outline

IX. Posterior Muscles

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